What are the two main parts of a computer?

1
What are the two main parts of a computer?

• Software Hardware

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What is hardware?

• The part of the Computer that you can see and
  touch such as the system unit, keyboard, monitor
  and mouse. There are other hardware parts inside
  the system unit which can only be seen when the
  Computer case is opened. The motherboard, CPU and
  adapter cards are inside the System Unit.

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3
What is Software?

• Computer software is any series of instructions
  in a language that the Computer understands and
  is able to execute to accomplish the tasks
  required by the software.
• Software is sometimes called a program or an
  application.

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4
Give examples of Computer Software?

• Microsoft Word
• Excel
• Gaming programs
• Computer gaming software

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5
Give four examples of Computer hardware ?

• keyboard
• mouse
• monitor
• system unit

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6
What is an input device?

• This is what we use to tell the Computer what to
  do. For example if you type on the keyboard the
  Computer will receive the text or your keyboard
  commands .
• The keyboard is therefore an input device.

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What is an output device?

• An output device makes you see or hear what the
  Computer is doing. When you type on the keyboard
  or move the mouse the monitor makes you see what
  the Computer is doing.
• In this case the monitor is the output device
  giving you visual information on what the
  Computer is doing.

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8
How does the Computer get input?

• We can tell the computer what to do by typing on
  the keyboard, by pointing and clicking the mouse
  on an icon or a program.
• You can scan documents and pictures into the
  computer using a scanner.
• With the help of a webcam pictures and videos can
  be sent into the computer and transferred to
  other computers on the Internet.

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9
Where does a Computer send its output?

• Monitor
• Printer
• Speakers
• The above are all output devices.

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10
YES or NO. The computer will work without
software.

• The answer is NO because a computer needs both
  hardware and software to function and perform any
  meaningful tasks.

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11
What is the difference between an INPUT and
OUTPUT device?

• You use an input device such as the MOUSE or
  KEYBOARD to tell your computer to do something.
  For example run a program.
• An output device such as the monitor allows you
  to see what the Computer is doing. If you move
  the mouse or type on the keyboard while in a word
  processor, the monitor enables you to see the
  text you are typing.

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12
The VGA port on the computer is used for what?

• It is used to connect a monitor to the computer.

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13
How does a Computer store information or data?

• The Computer stores data and information
  permanently either on a permanent storage media
  such as the hard disk or on a temporary media
  such as its main memory.
• The Computers main memory (RAM) is used for
  temporary storage only. All information inside
  the memory is lost when you turn off or restart
  the Computer.
• RAM is short for Random Access Memory

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14
How does the Computer process information?

• The CPU works together with other integrated
  circuits on the motherboard to carry out the
  instructions contained in a program.

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15
What is another name for software?

• PROGRAM or APPLICATION

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16
True or FalseA printer is an input device.

• FALSE
• The printer is an example of an output device.
• When you want to see a hard copy of a document or
  text, you signal the application that you would
  like to print. The application will then send the
  text as output to the printer which then creates
  the printout for you on paper.

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17
True or False. A monitor is an output device

• TRUE
• The Monitor helps you see what the Computer is
  doing.
• For example when you type on the keyboard the
  text appear on the monitor for you to see.

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18
True or False. A keyboard is and output device.

• FALSE. The keyboard is an input device.
• When you type on the keyboard you are telling the
  Computer what to do.

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19
True or False. A mouse is an input device

• TRUE
• The Mouse is one of the standard input devices.
• You use the mouse to signal or tell the Computer
  what programs to run or what tasks to perform.

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20
Is a speaker an input or output device?

• A Speaker is our output device
• When you play a sound or music on the Computer
  you hear the sound in the speaker.
• The Computer outputs or sends the sound to the
  speaker for you to hear.

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21
What are the basic input and output components of
the computer?

• KEYBOARD
• MOUSE
• MONITOR

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22
What is the Central Processor Unit

• This is the brain of the computer. It carries out
  all the instructions that you send to the
  computer through a program or from an input
  devices.

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23
What is another name for the CPU

• The Microprocessor or Central Processor Unit

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CPU is short for what?

• CPU is short of Central Processor Unit.
• The CPU is the brain of the Computer. It performs
  functions that makes the Computer accomplish
  useful tasks.

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25
What does the CPU do for the computer?

• The CPU executes all the instructions given to
  the computer either through a program or by the
  user to complete the intended task.

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26
Why have Computers become so popular?

• Computers allow individuals and companies
  accomplish various tasks much faster and more
  efficiently. Information can be created, stored,
  shared and retrieved much faster. This has made
  the computer the device of choice for conducting
  business.

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27
What is an electronic mail?

• This is a program or application that allows you
  to create and send text messages to other people.
  You can also attach files and pictures to the
  text message and send.

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28
What is the internet?

• The internet is a worldwide network of computers
  that share a wide range of resources.

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What can you do on the internet?

• Search for information
• Download files
• Play Games
• Send and retrieve emails
• Learn
• Shop

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Why is the internet so popular?

• The Internet has numerous benefits. It has
  enabled
• resources to be shared worldwide. You can reach
  millions of
• people with the help of the internet.
• Amongst the things one can use the internet for
  are
• Search for information
• Download files
• Play Games
• Send and retrieve emails
• Learn
• Shop

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31
What is an Internet Browser?

• This is the program or application that you
  launch to connect to the internet. It provides an
  interface to the World Wide Web.

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What is a Search Engine?

• This is the program that allows you to search for
  all kinds of information on the internet.
  Examples of Search Engines are Google and Yahoo.
• To use the Google search engine the
  www.google.com in your web browser.

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33
What will you need to connect your Computer to
the Internet?

• a communications device such as a modem or router
• a communications infrastructure such a telephone
  line or satellite link
• an Internet Service Provide (ISP) so subscribe
  internet service from
• an Internet Browser ( e.g. Internet Explorer,
  FireFox, Netscape)

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34
What does an ISP do?

• To get access to the Internet from a home
  Computer you need to buy or subscribe to Internet
  service from an ISP. The ISP already has high
  speed link to the internet and is in the business
  of selling internet access services to
  subscribers.

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35
What is the recommended way to turn on or power
on you Computer and its peripherals?

• First power on all external devices attached to
  the Computer including peripherals such as
  modems, printers, scanners, monitors. Then turn
  on the system unit.

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36
The speed at which your CPU processes
instructions is measured in Mega Hertz (MHz) or
Giga Hertz (GHz)

• 1000MHz 1GHz

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37
True or False. The MEMORY or RAM inside the
Computer is used by the CPU as temporary storage
while the CPU executes its instructions

• This is TRUE
• The Computers CPU (a.k.a Central Processor Unit)
  uses the RAM or memory inside the Computer to
  store programs instructions and data while it
  executes those instructions.
• When you turn off the Computer all the
  information in memory will be erased and lost.

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38
What happens to the information stored inside RAM
when you shutdown the Computer

• Information in RAM (that is the Computers main
  memory) is only temporary. This information is
  lost when the Computer is powered off or
  shutdown.
• While you are typing a text or creating a
  document your work is kept temporarily in the
  Computers main memory. If you need to store this
  information permanently you need to save your
  work to the hard disk or a pen drive.
• It is advisable to save your work often.

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39
What is a Computer Network?

• A Computer network consists of two or more
  computers connected together with the purpose of
  sharing resources such as printers and files
  servers.

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40
What are the benefits of a Computer Network?

• A Computer network allows resources to be shared
  among computers on the Network. If you have a
  printer connected to the network or to one of the
  Computers on the network, other computers can
  print to this printer.
• A Computer network also allows the transfer of
  information such as electronic mails and data
  from one Computer to the other .The Internet is a
  special type of Computer Network

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41
Name a few resources that can be shared on a
Network.

• Printers
• Databases
• File servers
• Internet Connection

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42
Name some of the communication devices that will
be needed on a Network

• HUBS,
• SWITCHES
• ROUTERS
• ETHERNET ADAPTER CARDS
• WIRELESS ADAPTER CARDS

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43
What is the motherboard?

• The motherboard is located inside the Computer
  case (system unit) and it houses all the
  critical components inside the computer including
  the CPU, various integrated circuits, RAM,
  adapter cards.

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44
What is an Adapter Card?

• Adapter cards allow external and peripheral
  devices to be connected to the computer.
• Adapter cards are normally installed on the
  motherboard.
• A Network Adapter card allows you to connect a
  Computer to a network.
• A video adapter card allows a monitor to be
  connected to the Computer.
• A sound card allows speakers and microphones to
  be connected to the Computer

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45
On the Computer where will you normally find
PORTS for mouse, keyboard, monitor and, printers?

• The ports for these devices are normally located
  at the back of the Computer. Newer Computers
  with USB ports allow you connect USB Keyboards
  and Monitors to the front or side of the of the
  System Unit.

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46
What kinds of mouse and keyboard connectors and
ports exist?

• PS/2 gt Used to connect a PS/2 style mouse or
  keyboard to the computer.
• The PS/2 mouse connector is usually GREEN in
  color.
• The PS/2 keyboard connector is usually PURPLE
  in color.
• USB gt Used to connect USB style mouse and
  keyboard to the computer. USB is acronym for
  Universal Serial Bus. It can be used to connect a
  wide range of devices to the Computer
• SERIAL gt Also known as COM port. Some old mice
  use to have serial connectors and could be
  connected to the computer this way. Serial ports
  are also used to connect peripherals like
  external modems and digital cameras to the
  computer

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47
What is ROM (Read Only Memory)

• This is memory that is pre-programmed with
  instructions that the CPU reads and processes
  when the computer is powered up or turned on.
• ROM is non-volatile memory. Information in ROM
  stays permanently and is not lost when you
  shutdown or reboot the computer.

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48
What is the difference between RAM and ROM?

• RAM is volatile memory and ROM is non-volatile
  memory.
• RAM stores information temporarily whiles the
  computer is still running.
• Information inside the ROM is electronically
  pre-programmed and permanent.
• RAM loses all its content when the computer is
  powered off or restarted.
• ROM maintains its information even when the
  computer is powered off.

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49
How do you copy files from one location to the
other?

• Look for the file in the location where it is
  stored
• Right Click on the file with the mouse. From the
  pop-up menu choose copy.
• Go to the drive and folder where you would like
  to copy the file to.
• Right-Click and open space and select paste

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