Medical Laboratory Science

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Medical Laboratory Science

• The Hidden Profession

Written By Kimberly A. Whiter MLS(ASCP)CMP
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This is your microscope! Use it to take a
closer look at this exciting career choice
throughout this presentation.
I know you are excited to learn about this
wonderful career so grab your microscope and
lets find out what Medical Laboratory Science is
all about!
Click to enter Clinical Laboratory Science
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THINK Think about the Medical Professions that
you know. How many can you name? M.D., Nursing?
Any others? How about Medical Laboratory
Science? There are many more Medical Professions
than you are probably aware of, but we are going
to take a close look at Medical Laboratory
Science, an exciting profession that remains
hidden behind the medical investigation scene.
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Ponder Ever wonder what happens to the blood
after it is drawn from you? Where does it go,
who is dealing with it? How does the doctor
decide on your diagnosis from your blood? The
Medical Laboratory Science profession is the
answer to all of these questions!
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• Upon completion of this program you will
• Be able to identify what is Medical Laboratory
  Science
• Be able to identify the job duties of a Medical
  Laboratory Scientist
• Be able to identify the different departments in
  the Laboratory
• Be able to see how a Medical Laboratory Scientist
  fits in the healthcare system

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Main Menu
A Day as a Medical Laboratory Scientist Definitio
n of Medical Laboratory Science Job Duties of a
Medical Laboratory Scientist Divisions of the
Laboratory How to be a Medical Laboratory
Scientist
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A Day in the Life of a Medical Laboratory
Scientist
Your average MLS will arrive at work early in
the morning, especially in hospital settings.
Physicians like to have all laboratory results
completed when they are making their morning
visits with patients. Therefore, your MLS is
working hard behind the scenes to ensure your lab
tests are done before the doctor arrives.
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A Day in the Life of a Clinical Laboratory
Scientist
After the morning rush, your MLS professional
works throughout the day running routine lab work
from the hospital and physician offices. It is
the goal of every Laboratory to process, test,
and result quality lab tests in a highly timely
fashion. Many hospital settings allow for
variation in shifts that a MLS can work, offering
Day, Evening and Night Shift to complement your
personal life.
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Medical Laboratory Science (MLS)
is a health care profession with special
expertise in laboratory medicine. Members of this
challenging profession are responsible for
providing accurate, reliable laboratory tests for
monitoring health and diagnosing and treating
disease
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What does a Medical Laboratory Scientist do?

• Perform analytical tests of body fluids, cells
  and other substances.
• -Body fluids include blood, urine, serum/plasma,
  CSF, and other various body fluids.
• Many different tests can be performed on each of
  the various body fluids. These tests help the
  physician decide on a diagnosis. A Medical
  Laboratory Scientist is the professional that
  performs these tests.

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What does a Medical Laboratory Scientist do?

• Review and correlate data, recognize problems,
  identify causes, and formulate and apply
  solutions.
• -Each test that is run requires review from a
  specially trained Medical Laboratory Scientist
  that will be able to recognize problems with the
  results, identify reasons for the cause of the
  results either pathological or instrumental and
  will be able to formulate a solution if needed.

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What does a Medical Laboratory Scientist do?

• Confirm abnormal results
• -All abnormal test results must be confirmed with
  a highly trained MLS before reporting.
• Execute quality control procedures and interpret
  quality control data.
• -Quality control is a procedure of running known
  substances to assure the accuracy of the results
  that are being reported. You want to know that
  the test results you are getting back are
  accurate!

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What does a Medical Laboratory Scientist do?

• Execute preventive maintenance of equipment
  and/or identify appropriate sources for repairs.
• -In addition to running quality lab tests,
  knowledge about how each instrument in the
  laboratory analyzes and works is necessary to
  initiate maintenance and repairs if needed. MLS
  Professionals work as instrument maintenance
  personnel as well!

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What would be an example of a job duty for a
Medical Laboratory Scientist?

• Taking patients body temperature
• Taking a radiograph of a patient
• Testing blood from the patient to help diagnose
  cause of illness

Abnormal test results must be confirmed by a
trained Medical Laboratory Scientist before
resulting to Physician.

• True
• False

Medical Laboratory Scientists are responsible of
upkeep on Laboratory instruments.

• True
• False

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You are correct!
Medical Laboratory Scientists are the
professionals that run laboratory tests on
patient blood, urine, body fluids, etc. These
procedures allow the physician to accurately make
a diagnosis and treat the patient.
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Sorry, that is Incorrect.
The professional that takes the temperature on
the patients is the Nurse.
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Sorry, that is Incorrect.
The professional that takes the radiographs are
the Radiation Technologists.
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Sorry, that is Incorrect.
All abnormal test results must be confirmed with
a trained Medical Laboratory Scientist.
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You are correct!
All abnormal test results must be confirmed with
a trained Medical Laboratory Scientist.
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You are correct!
Instruments in the Laboratory require maintenance
that is performed by the Medical Laboratory
Scientist.
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Sorry, that is Incorrect.
Instruments in the Laboratory require maintenance
that is performed by the Medical Laboratory
Scientist.
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Departments in the Laboratory
Hematology
Chemistry
Blood Banking
Serology
Microbiology
Department Review
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Hematology
Is the study of cells in your blood. Your blood
is made up of red blood cells, white blood cells
and platelets. A Medical Laboratory Scientist
working in this department will count how many of
each type of cell you have and evaluate the size,
shape and color. A Medical Laboratory Scientist
working in the Hematology department is trained
in the physiological and physical aspects of
every cell.
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Platelet
Red Blood Cell
White Blood Cell
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Blood Banking
Is the practice of crossmatching blood components
for healthy transfusions. A Medical Laboratory
Scientist working in the Blood Bank department
will identify blood types, perform accurate and
safe crossmatches with various blood components,
as well as identify unsuspected antibodies.
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Microbiology
Is the study of microorganisms. A Medical
Laboratory Scientist working in the Microbiology
department identifies bacteria, fungus and
parasites. The Medical Laboratory Scientist must
also tell the physician which antibiotics to use
to kill the bacteria found.
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Chemistry
The chemistry department quantitates hormone,
enzyme, electrolyte and drug levels in your blood
stream, urine or body fluid. A Medical Laboratory
Scientist working in the Chemistry department
must be able to evaluate the results of these
levels to determine if they are pathological or
not.
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Serology
Is the study of immunity and antibodies in your
blood. A Medical Laboratory Scientist working in
the Serology department identifies antibodies to
pathological syndromes such as measles, chicken
pox, mononucleosis, and Strep. throat.
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1.Hematology is the study of cells. Your blood is
made of what three cellular components?
A. lymphocytes, eosinophils, and monocytes b.
white cells, red cells, and platelets c.
antibodies, bacteria, and viruses
2. Medical Laboratory Scientists working in the
hematology department are trained in what two
aspects of each cell?
A. physiological and physical b. color and
shape c. immunogenicity and function
3. The smallest cell is a...
A. white blood cell b. red blood cell c. platelet
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You are correct!
White blood cells, Red blood cells and Platelets
make up the cellular portion of your blood.
Platelet
White Blood Cell
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Red Blood Cell
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Sorry, that is Incorrect.
White blood cells, Red blood cells and Platelets
make up the cellular portion of your
blood. Lymphocytes, eosinophils, and monocytes
are types of White blood cells.
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Sorry, that is Incorrect.
White blood cells, Red blood cells and Platelets
make up the cellular portion of your blood.
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You are correct!
A Medical Laboratory Scientist working in the
Hematology department will be trained in the
physiology, how the cell works and does its job,
and the physical, the size, shape and color of
the cell.
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Sorry, that is Incorrect.
A Medical Laboratory Scientist working in the
Hematology department will be trained in the
physiology, how the cell works and does its job,
and the physical, the size, shape and color of
the cell.
Back
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Sorry, that is Incorrect.
A Medical Laboratory Scientist working in the
Hematology department will be trained in the
physiology, how the cell works and does its job,
and the physical, the size, shape and color of
the cell.
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You are correct!
The platelet is the smallest cell in your blood.
The white blood cell is the largest and the Red
blood cell is larger than a platelet yet smaller
than a white blood cell.
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Sorry, that is Incorrect.
The platelet is the smallest cell in your blood.
The white blood cell is the largest and the Red
blood cell is larger than a platelet yet smaller
than a white blood cell.
Back
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Sorry, that is Incorrect.
The platelet is the smallest cell in your blood.
The white blood cell is the largest and the Red
blood cell is larger than a platelet yet smaller
than a white blood cell.
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1. The practice of crossmatching blood components
for healthy transfusions is known as what?
A. Serology b. Blood Banking c. Microbiology
2. A Medical Laboratory Scientist working in the
this department will identify blood types.
A. True b. False
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You are correct!
Blood Banking is the practice of crossmatching
blood components for healthy transfusions
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Sorry, that is Incorrect.
Blood Banking is the practice of crossmatching
blood components for healthy transfusions. Serolog
y is the study of immunity and antibodies in your
blood.
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Sorry, that is Incorrect.
Blood Banking is the practice of crossmatching
blood components for healthy transfusions. Microbi
ology is the study of microorganisms.
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You are correct!
Performing a Blood Type on patients is part of
the job duties required for a Medical Laboratory
Scientist working in Blood Bank.
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Sorry, that is Incorrect.
Performing a Blood Type on patients is part of
the job duties required for a Medical Laboratory
Scientist working in Blood Bank.
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1.What are three things that a Medical Laboratory
Scientist will identify if working in the
Microbiology department?
A. viruses, cells, and antibodies b. bacteria,
fungus, and parasites
2. A Medical Laboratory Scientist working in the
Microbiology department will test the bacteria
against _________ to tell the Physician what to
treat the patient with.
A. pesticides b. antibiotics
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You are correct!
Bacteria, fungus, and parasites are three things
that a Medical Laboratory Scientist will test for
in the Microbiology department.
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Sorry, that is Incorrect.
Bacteria, fungus, and parasites are three things
that a Medical Laboratory Scientist will test for
in the Microbiology department.
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You are correct!
Antibiotics are tested against the bacteria found
by the Medical Laboratory Scientist to find out
which treatment the Physician should use on the
patient.
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Sorry, that is Incorrect.
Antibiotics are tested against the bacteria found
by the Medical Laboratory Scientist to find out
which treatment the Physician should use on the
patient.
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1. What are four things that can be quantitated
in Clinical Chemistry analysis?

• viruses, microorganisms, parasites, and fungus
• Antibodies, antigens, fibrin, and solutes
• hormones, enzymes, electrolytes and drug levels

2. Clinical Chemistry analysis can be performed
on serum/plasma, urine, and body fluid.

• True
• False

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Sorry, that is Incorrect.
Clinical Chemistry quantitates hormones such as
hCG levels, enzymes, such as AST levels,
electrolytes, such as Na, and drug levels.
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Sorry, that is Incorrect.
Clinical Chemistry quantitates hormones such as
hCG levels, enzymes, such as AST levels,
electrolytes, such as Na, and drug levels.
Back
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You are correct!
Clinical Chemistry quantitates hormones such as
hCG levels, enzymes, such as AST levels,
electrolytes, such as Na, and drug levels.
Back
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Sorry, that is Incorrect.
Clinical Chemistry analysis can be done on
serum/plasma, urine, or body fluids such as CSF.
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You are correct!
Clinical Chemistry analysis can be done on
serum/plasma, urine, or body fluids such as CSF.
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1. Serology is the study of _________.

• cells
• bacteria
• immunity

2. A Medical Laboratory Scientist working in the
Serology department identifies _________.

• Bacteria
• Hematologic diseases
• antibodies

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You are correct!
Serology is the study of immunity.
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Sorry, that is Incorrect.
Serology is the study of immunity.
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You are correct!
A Medical Laboratory Scientist working in the
Serology department identifies antibodies in the
blood that are associated with various pathologic
syndromes, such as measles, chicken pox, Strep
throat, and syphilis.
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Sorry, that is Incorrect.
A Medical Laboratory Scientist working in the
Serology department identifies antibodies in the
blood that are associated with various pathologic
syndromes, such as measles, chicken pox, Strep
throat, and syphilis.
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How to become a Medical Laboratory Scientist
Degree Plan
Job Opportunities
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Degree Plan
The Medical Laboratory Science degree is a 4 year
Bachelors of Science degree. It must be obtained
from a NAACLS approved program. Most programs
offer a 31 program containing 3 years of theory
and 1 year of clinical internship at a NAACLS
approved laboratory. However, you can enter the
clinical internship year post-graduation from a
Bachelors program. Most programs require
courses in Microbioloy, Immunology and Organic
Chemistry to be taken prior to the clinical
internship year. After the completion of the
program, you are required to pass a National
Board of Registry examination to be allowed to
practice Medical Laboratory Science.
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Job Opportunities
Generalist A Medical Laboratory Scientist that
works in all departments of the Laboratory.
Specialist A Medical Laboratory Scientist that
has had three years experience in a particular
department in addition to passing a Specialist
exam. This professional will only work in that
department. Supervisor A Medical Laboratory
Scientist that has risen in the ranks of the
Laboratory to become the head of a particular
department.
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Job Opportunities
Lab Manager A Medical Laboratory Scientist that
has risen in the ranks to become head of the
entire Laboratory. Educator A Medical
Laboratory Scientist with at least 5 years
experience that has also earned a Masters degree
and is teaching Clinical Laboratory Science at
the college level. Instrument Sales A Medical
Laboratory Scientist that sales clinical
instruments to buying laboratories.
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Job Opportunities
Research A Medical Laboratory Scientist that
works in a research facility, possibly for the
government. Chemist A Medical Laboratory
Scientist can directly transfer their degree to
get them a position at a Chemical Plant due to
extensive training in Chemistry. Veterinary
Application A Medical Laboratory Scientist can
perform lab tests in the veterinary field just as
easily as the human field.
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Credits
You have now completed learning about Medical
Laboratory Science. Thank you for taking your
time to view information about this exciting
career choice.
Hopefully you see now that there are highly
trained professionals working in the background
as part of the healthcare team. Medical
Laboratory Science is an exciting field that is
quickly growing with new technology.
The Board of Regents of the University of
Wisconsin System. (2002-2003). Retrieved March15,
2005, from http//www.clsmedtech.wisc.edu/CLSdefin
ition.html
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Useful Links
American Association for Clinical
Pathologist American Association for Clinical
Laboratory Scientists
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