What are the aims and methods of the

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What are the aims and methods of the War on
Terror? (5 marks)

• Aim what they hoped to do e.g. destroy Al Qaida
  training camps
• Methods how they hope to achieve this i.e.
  invade Afganistan

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What is..........
The War on Terror?
"Use all necessary and appropriate force against
those nations, organisations, or persons (he
determines) planned, authorised, committed, or
aided the terrorist attacks that occurred on
September 11, 2001, or harboured such
organisations or persons, in order to prevent any
future acts of international terrorism against
the United States by such nations, organisations
or persons." George Bush 18th Sept. 2001
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Definition...
What they hoped to do
The War on terrorism or War on terror is a global
effort by the governments of several countries
(primarily the United States and its principal
allies) to neutralize international groups it
deems as terrorist" (primarily radical Islamist
terrorist groups, including al-Qaida) and insure
"rogue nations" no longer support terrorist
activities. Wikipedia
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What did Bush do after 9-11?
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How they planned to do it- US (and UK) response

• Aim Destroy Terrorist training camps
• Method - Attack Afghanistan
• - Base of Al-Qaeda
• - Taliban Government supports Al-Qaeda
• - Taliban persecutes its own people
• - Objective 1 destroy Al-Qaeda
• - Objective 2 capture Osama bin Laden
• - Objective 3 bring about regime change in
  Afghanistan, ie. replace Taliban with
  democratically elected government.

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• 2. Strengthen security at home
• Method Pass Laws to allow methods to find
  terrorists e.g. phone tapping. Some Human Rights
  are removed in each country e.g. right to a fair
  trial
• US passes USA Patriot Act 2001 (see hand out)
• UK passes Anti-terrorism, Crime and Security Act
  2001
• Both laws strengthen security and extend the
  powers of the police, security agencies and
  courts to deal with terrorists, suspected
  terrorists, and their supporters
• US introduces a new government Department for
  Homeland Security to oversee defence against
  terror attacks
• Both nations increase spending on defence and
  intelligence agencies.

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The use of Intelligence Agencies to protect
citizens and find terrorist suspects

• "defeating terrorism must remain one of our
  intelligence community's core objectives, as
  widely dispersed terrorist networks will present
  one of the most serious challenges to US national
  security interests at home and abroad...." CIA
  Director Porter Goss, testifying before the
  Senate Select Committee on Intelligence -
  February 16, 2005

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Task Government Responses to the Terror Threat

• Use the map to identify
• How did countries respond to the threat of
  terrorism? write out a list of different
  strategies.
• Which countries responded the most to the
  terrorist threat? Identify the 10 who
  introduced the most strategies.
• Why do you think each of these top 10 were so
  concerned about the terror threat?
• Make a list of the strategies introduced by the
  UK.

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A Brazilian Jean Charles de Menezes shot by
police who thought he was a terrorist when he
failed to stop at a tube station and ran from
police. Police deny a shoot to kill policy
11 March 2005The nine remaining detainees have
been granted bail after three and a half years of
detention without trial. Abu Qatada and Abu
Rideh, plus suspects known as E, H, K, Q, P and B
were bailed today, and a man known as A was
bailed last night. Despite being granted bail,
Abu Rideh and suspect B have remained in
Broadmoor mental hospital.
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• 3. The Detention of people suspected of being
  terrorists
• US opens a detainment camp at Guantanamo Bay
  military base on the island of Cuba for
  non-combatants
• Suspects are transferred there from all over the
  world, chiefly from Afghanistan
• Suspects are detained without charge, without
  access to defence lawyers or family
• Allegations emerge of torture and mistreatment at
  Guantanamo Bay
• The UK also arrests suspects under the new
  Terrorism laws, many of whom never come to trial.
  Imprisoned in Belmarsh Prison

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"Our war on terror begins with al-Qaeda, but it
does not end there. It will not end until every
terrorist group of global reach has been found,
stopped and defeated." George Bush 20th
September 2001
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Aim neutralise rogue Nations who harbour
terrorists or might supply them with weapons

• Method - Second Gulf war fought against Saddam
  Husseins Iraq in 2003. He was removed from power
  and a new regime out in place.
• Iraq was accused of being a base for terrorist
  groups like Alqaida and having weapons of Mass
  destruction that could be used by terrorists e.g.
  parts for nuclear bombs, missiles, biological
  weapons e.g. anthrax and chemical weapons e.g. gas

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On October 7, 2002 President George W. Bush
stated

• "The threat comes from Iraq. It arises directly
  from the Iraqi regime's own actions -- its
  history of aggression, and its drive toward an
  arsenal of terror. Eleven years ago, as a
  condition for ending the Persian Gulf War, the
  Iraqi regime was required to destroy its weapons
  of mass destruction, to cease all development of
  such weapons, and to stop all support for
  terrorist groups. The Iraqi regime has violated
  all of those obligations. It possesses and
  produces chemical and biological weapons. It is
  seeking nuclear weapons. It has given shelter and
  support to terrorism, and practices terror
  against its own people. The entire world has
  witnessed Iraq's eleven-year history of defiance,
  deception and bad faith." 6

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March 19, 2003, as the 2003 Invasion of Iraq
began, President George W. Bush stated in an
address to the nation

• "My fellow citizens, at this hour, American and
  coalition forces are in the early stages of
  military operations to disarm Iraq, to free its
  people and to defend the world from grave
  danger." 8

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Plenary

• What actions did the US and the UK take against
  the terrorists?
• Did they just go after the terror groups like
  Al-Qaeda?
• How did they try to stop other terror attacks?
• Have these actions had other implications for
  people around the World?