Broadband Applications

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Broadband Applications

• Sangonet Conference 2006
• John Joslin
• johnjoslin_at_mweb.co.za
• 082-969-2497

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Contents

• What is broadband ?
• The last ten years-narrowband
• The next ten years-broadband
• Why is broadband spreading?
• Old and new architectures
• The new global IP networks
• Broadband access networks
• Bandwidth of access networks
• Deployment of broadband
• Broadband applications
• Video and IPTV
• Communications

• Broadband applications
• Education
• Health
• Entertainment
• Gaming
• Telework
• Gaming and gambling
• Advertising
• Business
• Home networking
• Google applications
• Broadband applications deployment

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What is Broadband ?
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What is Broadband?

• Narrowband
• The highest speed modem used with a traditional
  telephone line, known as a 56K modem, offers a
  maximum data transmission rate of about 45,000
  bits per second (bps).
• For example, using a 56K modem connection to
  download a 10-minute video or a large software
  file can be a lengthy and frustrating exercise.
• Broadband
• By using a broadband high-speed Internet
  connection, with data transmission rates many
  times faster than a 56K modem, users can view
  video or download software and other data-rich
  files in a matter of seconds.
• In addition to offering speed, broadband access
  provides a continuous always on connection (no
  need to dial-up) and a two-way capability
  that is, the ability to both receive (download)
  and transmit (upload) data at high speeds.

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What is Broadband ?
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What is broadband ?
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What is Broadband ?

• Broadband or high-speed Internet access is
  provided by a series of technologies that give
  users the ability to send and receive data at
  volumes and speeds far greater than current
  Internet access over traditional telephone lines.
  In addition to offering speed, broadband access
  provides a continuous, always on connection (no
  need to dial-up) and a two-way capability, that
  is, the ability to both receive (download) and
  transmit (upload) data at high speeds.

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Last ten yearsnarrowband
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The last ten years - narrowband

• Remarkable
• Completely unexpected
• The best expert forecasts were way too low.
• The Internet
• World has 800 million users
• South Africa about 3-4 million
• Mobile Cellular networks
• World has 2 billion users
• South Africa about 20 million

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The last ten years- narrowband

• Both the Internet and the mobile cellular
  networks in the first ten years were mainly
  narrowband networks
• From 5kbps to 128kbps
• This restricted the use to mainly text material,
  newspapers magazines, white papers and billions
  of pages of text.
• The next ten years will be the era of broadband
  Internet.
• 1Mbps to 10 mbps to 100mbps at the end of the ten
  years.
• This will allow the distribution of video, TV,
  Movies, music, online grid computing or computing
  on demand, and millions of other applications.
• Major challenge to traditional TV broadcasters

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The last ten years-narrowband

• The narrowband Internet and mobiles were
  dramatically disruptive technologies
• Many traditional telcos went bankrupt- Worldcom
  and many others.
• The Internet was a complete winner both the
  fixed and mobile networks are moving to IP
  protocols
• The traditional telcos are writing off and
  replacing R3 trillion of plant worldwide.
• BT closing down all old TDM/circuit switched and
  ATM networks and replacing it with all-IP
• 80 of old telcos are doing the same.

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Next ten years - broadband
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The next ten years- broadband

• Everybody gets next generation Internet access
• Internet with improved quality and security
• All the networks become the new Internet
• Cellular phones become wireless Internet access
  providers ( WIAP)
• Telcos become high quality and more expensive
  Internet access providers (IAPs)
• The richness of the services improves and the
  coverage grows to 3 billion

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The next ten years - broadband

• The world is moving to Ubiquitous communications
  based on
• Internet protocol (IP) as a seamless transport.
• SIP ( Session Initiation Protocol) for session
  setup and management.
• These protocols will allow for seamless
  interoperation between
• Mobile cellular networks
• Fixed line operators
• The Internet
• Internal enterprise networks
• This will enable converged, seamless, rich
  communications between mobiles, fixed, Internet
  and enterprises.

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The next ten years- broadband

• Richer, integrated and more valuable
  communications.
• Voice, video and data on the same network
• Much more value carried on lower cost networks
• At a lower cost to the operator and price to the
  consumer.
• New technology
• Competition
• Standardization
• Open layered architecture
• Globalization and mass production
• PC type economics
• It comes as a surprise that none of this applied
  to traditional telephone networks.

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The next ten years-broadband

• The NGN Internet will carry real-time telephony
  and other rich applications as well as the world
  wide web.
• The transport or connectivity (electronic pipes)
  suppliers will be separate businesses from the
  Service providers and content providers
• Sentech is the wireless pipe vs SABC is the
  Service and Content provider.

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The next ten years - broadband

• The NGN Internet will transmit a variety of
  services and content from anywhere in the world.
• Telephony
• Instant messaging
• IPTV
• SMS
• Email
• Video on demand
• Newspapers
• Unicast, broadcast and multicast
• Etc.etc.etc.

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The next ten years-broadband

• Person to person communication
• Searching and finding the person, business
  Service or content provider
• Google like. Get public ID, email address,
  telephone number, IP address.
• The system will find the person whether on mobile
  or fixed line.
• Initiate telephony ( VoIP), instant messaging or
  video call.
• Could be peer to peer with no telco company
  needed other than as a pipe

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The next ten years-broadband

• Person to business
• If you do not know the number search like Google
• Call the business. Use email, SMS, instant
  messaging or telephony.
• Interaction is between handheld ( client) and
  Enterprise server.
• If customer access contact centre
• If remote worker access company and internal
  data.
• No telco needed other than pipe.
• Network operators ( telcos) Internet access
  servers only provide connectivity.
• Licensed network operator

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The next ten years-broadband

• Customer has choice of what pipe to choose.
• Choice of Telkom, SNO, TNO, mobiles like Vodacom,
  MTN, Sentech, etc and ISA ( Internet access
  providers)
• Other sources of revenue for ex-telcos will have
  to be in fair competition to all other service
  and content providers.
• Telkom SP and CP will need license ( class
  license) to feed SABC content using multicast to
  DSL users.
• Sentech broadcast and Sentech ISP could also sell
  TV feed from SABC..

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The next ten years-broadband

• All the 3 billion users of the world will access
  the global NGN ( Internet) via their local
  pipes .Mostly ex-Telcos and Ex-cellular
  operators and ISPs. These are the access
  networks.
• Many ex-telcos and now Network operators will own
  the global core network, which will be mainly
  fibre optic cable but also Satellite.
• There must be interconnection between the Core
  networks.
• Could be peering like the Internet. They swop
  traffic freely.
• Or Interconnection monitoring and payments. Like
  Telcos now.
• The core network will accept any type of access
  network.

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The next ten years-broadband

• Services and content from anywhere in the world.
• Search and find
• persons
• newspapers
• TV programs
• Video
• Movies
• Business
• Books
• Software
• Now on Google, search for videos on demand via
  the Internet.Content from Time Warner.
• Find and see streaming TV, or download and pay
  0.50 per movie. ( streaming too slow now).

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The next ten years-broadband

• The world will have 3 billion users with mobile
  wireless Internet access
• 1 billion broadband mobile wireless Internet
  access
• South Africa could have 30 million mobile
  wireless Internet access users
• South Africa 15 million broadband mobile wireless
  Internet access
• The world could have 1.5 billion fixed line
  Internet access
• South Africa could have 10 million fixed line
  internet access

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The next ten years-broadband

• TV
• SABC is a content provider
• Moving to digital video origination
• World Cup want HDTV
• But most of the population will not be able to
  afford new TV sets
• SABC could multicast digital IPTV to the country
  via Sentech, Telkom, SNO, Mweb, Internet
  solutions and Vodacom and MTN etc
• Could multicast digital TV to Telkom, SNO and
  Internet.
• Could multicast TV to 3G mobiles

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The next ten years-broadband

• The viewer will be able to receive TV, video and
  movies on
• Home and office (?) PC
• Notebook
• TV with set top box
• 3G mobile computer phone.
• Wireless office phone
• Sufficient should be in place by 2010 to have a
  real pilot or launch.

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The next ten years-broadband

• SABC could broadcast to the world with IPTV
• BT, DT, FT and many of the South American
  Internet operators and those in Europe Asia will
  have IPTV.
• SABC could provide Football feed, in realtime or
  delayed to all these Internet IPTV operators
• This will be wonderful test. Who could want
  better than a World Cup.!!
• Advertising revenue
• Work with Google to get targetted advertising to
  soccer fans.

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The next ten years-broadband

• South Africa viewer will have access to the world
  TV. Videos and movies cheaply
• Just as SABC could multicast TV to the world
  using IPTV so the world could sell TV and video
  to South Africans.
• As we roll out the NGN ( Next generation Network)
  and broadband Telkom, SNO, ISPs, and mobile
  cellphone networks will be able to deliver any
  TV, or Video or Movie or Music from the world.
• Google has a video search and stream and
  download.
• Google charge 0.50 for most downloadable movies.
  
• In future access any TV channel? Subscribe or pay
  per view.
• My son tested it on his ADSL line and flatscreen
  TV set.

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Why is Broadband spreading?
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Competition and technology

• Why is broadband spreading?
• Technology
• Cable modems
• DSL
• 3G WCDMA
• 3G HSDPA
• WiFi
• WiMAX
• PLC
• Competition
• Internet vs Telcos
• vs Mobiles vs Utilities
• vs Digital Cities

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Competition and technology

• Technology and new standards
• 3G upgrades specifies broadband
• WCDMA
• HSDPA
• ITU-T and ETSI new standards for fixed line (
  Telcos) require broadband.
• Support of broadband access networks
• Metro ethernet, DSL
• WCDMA, WiMAX etc
• Internet needs broadband for VoIP and video
  streaming.

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Competition and technology

• Competition
• Cable TV started the broadband explosion
• Offered telephony and Internet access with
  broadcast TV
• Telcos answered with xDSL-triple play
• Telephony, video and Internet
• Mobile cellulars followed
• Broadband wireless in 3G specification
• Internet with WiFi and WiMAX
• If none of these deploy broadband digital
  cities will.
• Many cities deploying fibre and WiFi and soon
  WiMAX

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Competition between networks

• Internet Improving performance
• Internet performance is improving each year with
  packet losses typically improving by 40-50 per
  year and Round Trip Times (RTTs) by 10-20 and,
  for some regions such as S. E. Europe, even more.
  Geosynchronous satellite connections are still
  important to countries with poor
  telecommunications infrastructure. In general for
  HEP countries satellite links are being replaced
  with land-line links with improved performance
  (in particular for RTT).. 1
• 1 . January 2005 Report of the ICFA-SCIC
  Monitoring Working Group.

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Competition between networks

• Internet - Quality improving every year
• Of all the sites pinged the percentage of those
  that are good to acceptable for packet loss and
  RTT for the purpose of VoIP increased from about
  55 to about 77 in the 7 years displayed.. from
  1998 to 2004 1
• RTT ( round trip time)
• 1.RTT less than 100ms in North America.
• 2. Europe, South Korea and Japan have RTT 100
  to 250ms.
• Less than 250ms roundtrip time is Ok for
  telephony.
• 3. 250 -600ms. Includes South Africa, Russia
  China, India and Mexico.
• 2
• 1 . January 2005 Report of the ICFA-SCIC
  Monitoring Working Group.
• 2 . January 2005 Report of the ICFA-SCIC
  Monitoring Working Group.

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Old and New Architectures
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Old and new architectures

• Old architecture
• One product, one network and one license
• Telephony
• TV broadcasting
• Radio broadcasting
• Data transmission
• Frame relay
• X.25
• ATM
• GSM
• 3G or UMTN

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Old and new architectures

• Old architecture
• In telephony the telephone service was built by
  the hardware
• The hardware and service was one
• The terminal device ( telephone) was only used by
  the network. For each network there was a unique
  terminal
• You could with the old technology not provide
  telephony without the hardware
• TV a license for different frequency spectrum for
  each channel
• No sharing of channels ( pipes)
• TV set was designed to accept only TV signals.
• Could not accept Frame relay or Internet signals.
• TV only
• Same with radio.

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Old and new architectures

• New Architecture
• One pipe can carry many different services and
  content.
• On broadband Internet you can buy books from
  Kalahari or Amazon, auction goods on eBay,
  telephone free on Skype, search the world for
  holiday resorts and a million other things.
• Content can be radio 702 in China, one of 8000
  newspapers online, or individual telephone
  conversations.
• A million different contents.
• Common pipe or network
• The infrastructure of the network is separated
  from the services or content.

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New Global IP networks
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New Global networks

• Global Core networks
• Fibre optic cable
• Satellite
• Fibre IP/MPLS/DWDM
• Access networks
• Cable
• xDSL fixed line
• Ethernet
• ATM
• FTTP
• 3G GSM,WCDMA, HSDPA
• WiFi, WiMAX
• PLC, BPL
• Satellite

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Broadband Access networks
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Broadband access networks

• Wireline
• Cable modems
• xDSL
• Metro ethernet
• FTTP
• PLC ( Power-line Communications-BPL)
• Wireless
• WiFi and WiMAX
• 3G WCDMA and HSDPA
• Satellite

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Broadband

• Ultrafast broadband services from phone and cable
  companies could speed up your downloads to 15
  megabits per second or more.
• A new generation of superfast broadband Internet
  access promises to do more than accelerate Web
  browsing and file downloads. Five to thirty times
  as fast as DSL, these new--and surprisingly
  affordable--wide pipes can in some cases enable
  new video, voice, and data services

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Broadband access

• These include cable, an enhanced telephone
  service called digital subscriber line (DSL),
  satellite technology, terrestrial (or fixed)
  wireless technologies, and others. Cable and DSL
  are currently the most widely used technologies
  for providing broadband access. Both require the
  modification of an existing physical
  infrastructure that is already connected to the
  home (i.e., cable television and telephone
  lines).

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Broadband access networks

• DSL
• is a modem technology that converts existing
  copper telephone lines into two-way high speed
  data conduits. Data transmission speeds via range
  up to 7 Mbps for downloading and 1 Mbps for
  uploading. Speeds can depend on the condition of
  the telephone wire and the distance between the
  home and the telephone companys central office
  (i.e., the building that houses telephone
  switching equipment).

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Broadband access - DSL

• DSL 25mbps up to 5000 feet .
• In contrast, SBC Communications and BellSouth
  have adopted a less expensive solution by leaving
  the copper line in place as a last-mile DSL
  connection. The success of active networks
  depends on getting the fiber close enough for
  DSL, the speed of which is sensitive to distance.
  The latest DSL technology can achieve 25 megabits
  for homes less than 5,000 feet from the network
  node, making it comparable to Verizon's all-fiber
  offering. Improvements could boost the rate to
  100 megabits for those no more than 500 feet from
  the node, notes Jay Fausch, a marketing director
  at Alcatel, the Paris-based telecom giant.

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Broadband access-ADSL

• ADSL
• uses frequencies much higher than those used for
  voice communication, both voice and data can be
  sent over the same telephone line. Thus,
  customers can talk on their telephone while they
  are online, and voice service will continue even
  if the ADSL service goes down. Like cable
  broadband technology, an ADSL line is always on
  with no dial-up required. Unlike cable, however,
  ADSL has the advantage of being unshared between
  the customer and the central office. Thus, data
  transmission speeds will not necessarily decrease
  during periods of heavy local Internet use.

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Broadband access-ADSL

• ADSL
• A disadvantage relative to cable is that ADSL
  deployment is constrained by the distance between
  the subscriber and the central office. ADSL
  technology over a copper wire only works within
  18,000 feet (about three miles) of a central
  office facility. However, DSL providers are
  deploying technology to further increase
  deployment range. One option is to install
  remote terminals which can serve areas farther
  than three miles from the central office.

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Broadband access-Satellite

• Satellite
• Like cable, satellite is a shared medium, meaning
  that privacy may be compromised and performance
  speeds may vary depending upon the volume of
  simultaneous use. Another disadvantage of
  Internet over satellite is its susceptibility to
  disruption in bad weather. On the other hand, the
  big advantage of satellite is its universal
  availability. Whereas DSL is not available to
  many South Africans, satellite connections can
  be accessed by anyone with a satellite dish
  facing the This makes satellite Internet access
  a possible solution for rural or remote areas not
  served by other technologies.

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Broadband access - satellite

• Satellite
• Like wireless, satellite access uses radio waves
  instead of wires to deliver access. In many cases
  it may be the only technology that works in
  remote settings.

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Broadband access-fixed wireless

• Fixed Wireless
• Though mostly used for businesses, fixed wireless
  Internet is beginning to be deployed for
  residential broadband service. Advantages are the
  flexibility and lower cost of deployment to the
  customers home (as opposed to laying or
  upgrading cable or telephone lines).
  Disadvantages are line-of-sight restrictions (in
  some cases), the susceptibility of some
  technologies to adverse weather conditions, and
  the scarcity of available spectrum.

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Broadband access -WiFi

• WiFi ( IEEE 802.11)
• Additionally, unlicensed spectrum is being
  increasingly used to provide high-speed
  shortdistance wireless access (popularly called
  wi-fi) to local area networks, particularly in
  urban areas where wired broadband connections
  already exist

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Broadband access-WiFi

• Wi-Fi Workings
• Wi-Fi networks comprise Wi-Fi-equipped mobile
  computers (laptops or handhelds) or special Wi-Fi
  telephone handsets, as well as access points
  (APs). APs are base stations that communicate by
  radio and by wire with both mobile systems and
  the networks that ultimately provide entrée to
  the Internet.
• Each AP can send and receive signals within a
  limited range, typically 20 to 50 meters inside a
  building. The coverage area of an AP forms a
  three-dimensional spherelike cell (analogous to a
  mobile telephone cell but much smaller) that can
  serve many mobile devices within it
  simultaneously.

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Access networks - WiFi

• Skype and Google fund WiFi
• Spanish Wi-Fi startup FON, a day after gaining
  more than 21 million in funding from
  heavyweights Google and Skype, today is
  backpedaling from claims that every ISP supports
  its idea of shared wireless connections.
• Taking a page from peer-to-peer networking, FON
  hopes to expand its current 3,000 members (or
  "foneros") and build 1 million shared Wi-Fi
  hotspots worldwide by 2010. Borrowing a lesson
  from investor Skype, FON will gain revenue
  through multi-leveled subscriptions with names
  "Bill," "Linus" and "Alien."

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Broadband access-WiMAX

• Fixed WiMAX
• lthough mobile WiMax has captured most of the
  headlines, and a series of trials by mobile
  carriers highlights the future of wireless
  broadband, fixed WiMax remains the technologys
  bread and butter through 2009, according to a
  report from Visant Strategies.
• WiMAX
• While 802.16e, the mobile WiMax standard, could
  reportedly be ratified as early as the end of the
  month, the market for cable modem and digital
  subscriber line replacement  is expanding today,
  while WiMax in the mobile network remains two to
  four years away, says Andy Fuertes, author of
  the Visant report entitled 802.16 / WiMax
  Assessment of Fixed and Mobile Opportunities.
• .

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Broadband access -WiMAX

• Italian WiMAX trials
• Airspan recently announced a WiMax trial in three
  Italian regions around Piedmont and Sicily. The
  trial is intended to demonstrate that Airspan
  customers can upgrade from fixed to mobile WiMax.
• Testing 802.16e
• Sprint Nextel also announced a similar test of
  802.16e with Samsung. The lab and field trials
  will validate requirements for future wireless
  offerings, according to Barry West, Sprints
  chief technology officer.

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Broadband access-WiMAX

• ATT
• ATT has also announced plans to conducts WiMax
  tests. The first, in Middletown, New Jersey,
  concentrates on data transfer a second trial
  will focus on VoIP.
• Verizon
• Verizon said earlier this month that it has no
  plans to deploy WiMax, according to an Associated
  Press article. A Verizon spokesperson called
  WiMax a step beyond a twinkle in an engineers
  eye.

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Broadband access-WiMAX mobile

• 802.16e will eclipse 802.16 2004
• What happens to the demarcation line between
  fixed and mobile WiMax after 2010? We believe
  that the lines between fixed and mobile gear will
  blur, says Fuertes. 802.16e will quickly
  eclipse 802.16.2004 products, due to improved
  performance.

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Broadband access-FTTH

• FTTH
• Another broadband technology is optical fiber to
  the home (FTTH). Optical fiber cable, already
  used by businesses as high speed links for long
  distance voice and data traffic, has tremendous
  data capacity, with rates in excess of one
  gigabit per second (1000 Mbps). The high cost of
  installing optical fiber in users homes is the
  major barrier to FTTH. Several

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Broadband access-FTTH

• Fiber to the home
• FTTH is the latest offering of residential
  broadband and is being rolled out in many
  metropolitan areas. It uses very thin glass
  fibers that transmit signals in the form of light
  pulses. It offers speeds similar to Cable or DSL,
  but has the potential for far greater speeds.

60
Access networks -FTTN

• FTTN
• FTTN entails installing fiber from the central
  office to a neighborhood node that is within
  3,000 to 5,000 feet of all 300 to 500 customers
  served out of that node. From the node, customers
  will receive voice, video and data service over
  traditional copper wire.

61
Broadband access- PLC

• PLC
• ANASSAS, Va. -- Just one year after the Federal
  Communications Commission (FCC) approved rules
  for the deployment of broadband over power lines
  (BPL), the technology made its commercial debut
  in this Washington suburb.
• Broadband communications via electrical grid
• In a public-private partnership with
  Communications Technologies (ComTek) that Waldron
  said cost his taxpayers "not a penny," the city
  is now offering a 30-per-month broadband service
  through its electrical grid. Both Comcast and
  Verizon already offer broadband in Manassas.

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Broadband access-PLC

• PLC equals DSL and cable modems
• With speeds that rival DSL and cable modems, the
  service is available to all 12,500 households and
  2,500 businesses in Manassas. With the city
  receiving a share of every subscription to the
  service, Waldron said Manassas currently has 700
  paying customers with another 500 signed up.
• "Make no mistake about it what we are announcing
  todayis something that we could be rolling out
  in a year or two from now in literally scores of
  communities across the United States," CEO Joseph
  E. Fergus of ComTek said.

63
Broadband access- PLC

• 20 PLC trials in USA alone. 250000 homes access
• According to a report by the New Millennium
  Research Council last year, there were more than
  20 BPL trials underway in the United States in
  2004 with roughly a quarter million homes already
  having access to BPL.
• Many more trials and deployments in Europe

64
Broadband access 3G

• 2G Radio access networks
• GSM
• GPRS
• EDGE
• 3G radio access networks
• WCDMA
• HSDPA
• 3G cdma2000 (USA)
• EV-DO (USA)

65
Broadband access- 3G

• EV-DO
• But not anymore. Gradually, and with relatively
  little fanfare, Verizon Wireless has deployed a
  nationwide cellular data network in the United
  States that blows away the fastest widely
  deployed networks in Europe, the so-called 3G
  networks that have been rolled out there to huge
  publicity. And Sprint is starting its own rollout
  of a similar speedy network based on the same
  technology Verizon uses.

66
Broadband access EV-DO

• 400 to 700 kbps
• How fast is EV-DO? Verizon is predicting average
  speeds of between 400 and 700 kilobits per
  second. That's up to 10 times its previous
  fastest data speed, on an older network called
  1X. In my tests, Verizon's promise proved
  realistic, and I often topped 700 kbps.

67
Broadband access Wireless and wireline

• Wireless cannot beat DSL or Fibre for mbps
• Radio signals cannot hope to match the
  transmission speeds that copper wires or
  fiber-optic cables make possible. Nor can Wi-Fi,
  or other wireless technologies that rely on
  radio, supply the same degree of security the
  transmissions can be intercepted by nearby radio
  receivers.

68
Broadband access- EV-DO

• EV-DO
• That technology is called EV-DO, for
  Evolution-Data Only, or Evolution-Data Optimized.
  It is the first wireless technology deployed over
  a wide area that matches the speed of home
  broadband at least the slower reaches of that
  wired service. Unlike the most common form of
  wireless broadband, Wi-Fi, the new EV-DO service
  doesn't rely on hot spots. It's available all
  over a metro area, wherever there is cellphone
  service even in a moving car.

69
Broadband digital cities

• Broadband digital cities
• Danville is on the leading edge of what is
  quickly becoming a broadband revolution.
  Frustrated by the slow speed of broadband
  rollouts in their towns, local governments across
  the USA are building their own networks. Their
  common goal to secure a bright future by
  building a business-quality network now.
• This is about three things, says Jerry
  Gwaltney, Danville's city manager. Jobs, jobs
  and jobs.

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Bandwidth of Access networks
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Bandwidth of access networks

• 1) Dialup    64 Kbps
•  (2) DSL/Cable 0.1 40 Mbps      Cable 
  110 Mbps(shared)      ADSL  110 
  Mbps(dedicated)      VDSL    2050 Mbps
  or more (dedicated) 
• (3) Ethernet   100 Mbps 10 Gbps (dedicated)

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Bandwidth of access networks

• ) Wireless LAN 
•         802.11b 11
  Mbps(shared)        802.11a         54
  Mbps(shared) 802.11g 54
  Mbps(shared)
• 802.16 50 Mbps(shared)
• 802.20 2 Mbps with mobility(shared)
  
• (2) Mobile Phone
• 2.53G   0.12 Mbps
  (dedicated)         4G  
  2050 Mbps (dedicated)

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Bandwidth of access networks
74
Why 1000Mbps?

• or Why do we need 1001,000 Mbps? )
• (1) Higher Definition Video (HDV, HDTV)
• Streaming
• Down loading
• (2) High Definition Video Conferencing and
  Class (3) High Definition Video Education
• (4) High Definition Online Game
• (5) Bulk File Transfer

75
Why 1000Mbps

• (1) Broadband Is Fully Deployed    - 80 of
  household    - Dialup has become "horse
  carriage"    - Broadband is social
  infrastructure like       telephone or
  automobile or television(2) Looking for Next
  Generation Broadband    - VDSL(gt10 Mbps) vs
  FTTH/FTTB(100 Mbps)    - LAN(FTTB)
  deployment at 1015

76
Deployment of broadband
77
Broadband in 2003

• Economy       Subscribers Per Capita
  Per Household   Growth Rate Korea     
  11 million   24 80
  lt 10Hong Kong 1.2 million 17
  30
• Taiwan  3.1 million       13
  30
• Canada   2.5 million       11
  36 20Japan      13
  million    10 35
  80USA        21.5 million     8
  20 20 Singapore
  0.3 million 7
  20China 10 million 1
  100
• Remark
•  China is catching up, in particular among big
  cities.   Korea, Japan, Canada and Sweden are
  leading in FTTH/FTTB/LAN.
• Source WSJ (2003.10.13), ITU (2003.4.7), Frost
  Sullivan and internet.com,
  Soumu.go.jp, ET.co.kr

78
Broadband - Europe

• Broadband in Europe-2005 90 urban BB
• The decision to open the spectrum also coincides
  with the EC's open debate on bringing high-speed
  Internet access to more areas of Europeanother
  item considered vital for the i2010 initiative.
  Members of the EU are facing a digital divide
  between urban and rural areas. As of January
  2005, 90 percent of the urban population of the
  EU could get broadband, while only 62 percent of
  rural residents could do so.

79
Broadband - Europe

• 114000 hotspots in EU in 2009
• The EC says, based on information from Pyramid
  Research, that Europe will have 26,000 hotspots
  in 2006, going to 114,000 by 2009.

80
Broadband - Europe

• 44 million BB users-EU
• The besotted Englishman is just one of the more
  than 14 million Western Europeans who have signed
  up for broadband access in the last year alone,
  bringing the total number of subscribers to 44
  million, says consultant Pricewaterhouse-Coopers.
  That's more users than in the U.S. Some 25 of
  European households now have high-speed Net
  access -- enough to qualify as a mass-market
  phenom. "Broadband has become mainstream" in
  Europe, says Charlotte Davies, an analyst with
  London-based telecom researcher Ovum Ltd

81
Broadband in Japan

• Japan
• (1) Fast Growth in 20022004.     3 millions
  --gt 8 millions (--gt 11 millions in 2003)
•      Tough price competition ( 20/month)
• (2) Looking for Killer Applications    
  VoIP     Video(3) Mobile Internet     50
  penetration     2.5G/3G are taking off

82
Broadband in China

• China
• (1) Internet is taking off in China     90
  millions in 2003(2nd after USA)     Expected to
  take over USA in 20052006(2) Broadband is
  taking off in major cities.    

83
Broadband access- WiFi

• City of London
• Wi-Fi network operator The Cloud will install and
  manage the network, with most of the City's area
  covered by October.
• This follows The Cloud's announcement of plans
  to set up a string of public wireless local area
  networks in UK cities. It has already set up a
  Wi-Fi zone covering Canary Wharf in London's
  Docklands.
• The City of London, which is responsible for
  local government in the Square Mile, is paying
  nothing towards the project, said a spokesman.
  "It's free - we're just providing access. It's up
  to The Cloud to bear the costs. Th e City of
  London will give The Cloud access to lampposts,
  road signs and other "street furniture" to
  install the network infrastructure.

84
Broadband WiBRO - WiMAX

• WiBro for earthlink
• Additionally, a major Internet service provider
  without a physical network of its own, such as
  EarthLink or AOL Broadband, could go for WiBro.
  In January, for example, SK Telecom and EarthLink
  announced a partnership that could eventually
  bring WiBro service to EarthLink's 5 million U.S.
  customers.

85
Broadband Japan-DSL

• Japan-DSL-8mbps for 20 in 2001
• In contrast, look at Japan. Consumers there could
  buy direct subscriber line (DSL) Internet
  connections (the broadband service sold by phone
  companies in America) with 8 Mbps download speeds
  for 20 to 40 -- back in late 2001. Today,
  standard packages operate in the 12 to 40 Mbps
  range. Better product for a lower price,
  naturally enough, turns out to be an excellent
  method of achieving the ostensible goal of
  American policy getting people to sign up. By
  2003, 15 million Japanese had broadband
  connections, compared with 30 million Americans
  (in a country whose population is 2.3 times
  larger and signi?cantly younger). And Japan is
  ostensibly in the middle of an extremely
  prolonged economic slump.

86
Broadband Korea-FTTH

• South Korea 50-100mbps in FTTH
• n South Korea, well over 20 percent of the
  population has broadband service, more than twice
  the U.S. ?gure. These connections typically
  operate at around 10 Mbps, and a collaborative
  project by businesses and the Korean government
  is prepared to start rolling out ultrafast
  ?ber-to-the-home connections offering speeds of
  50 to 100 Mbps (Japan currently leads in this
  ?eld).

87
Broadband South Korea

• WiBro
• promises much higher data rates than you can get
  even from a third-generation (3G) cellular
  systeman initial rate of 1 to 3 megabits per
  second, versus the 384 kilobits per second
  typical in advanced mobile phone networks today.
  And the WiBro download rate may eventually rise
  to about 18 Mb/s, fast enough for even
  high-definition television, as well as voice,
  video, and old-fashioned e-mail and Web traffic.

88
Broadband Access South Korea

• WiBro data
• On the other hand, while even the most
  sophisticated mobile phone networks are still
  customized mainly for voice, WiBro handles
  strictly data. It can carry voice traffic, but
  only by chopping it up into data packets and
  using voice over Internet Protocol. (VoIP is
  increasingly seen in wire-line telephony but has
  yet to be deployed on cellular systems.)

89
Broadband Access South Korea

• WiBro and 3G (WiMAX)
• Users, as they roam, will be able to toggle
  between WiBro and 3G, says Joo Sik Lee, vice
  president of the company's Network RD Center, in
  Seoul. Thus, bored bus and subway commuters will
  be able to tune in to their favorite radio
  stations, watch on-demand movies, and play games
  online.

90
Broadband access- South Korea

• WiBro or 802.16e
• till, there are two obstacles in WiBro's way
  before it can safely come into port. First, there
  is the matter of certification WiBro's backers
  would very much like to get it recognized by the
  IEEE 802.16 committee as the mobile version of
  WiMax, which could happen as early as this fall.
  Support from Intel Corp., which lately has thrown
  its weight behind fixed WiMax, will probably be
  crucial

91
Broadband South Korea

• South Korea Gov pushing WiBro (mobile WiMAX)
• t's hard to imagine South Korea needing even more
  connectivity. Yet the republic is making a
  collective bet that it does. Even as leading
  carriers like SK Telecom, in Seoul, are investing
  heavily to improve data rates on their cellular
  networks, which already are state of the art, the
  governmentwith the full support of the nation's
  wireless providers and equipment makershas
  pushed a competing technology called "wireless
  broadband," or WiBro for short.

92
Broadband South Korea

• Mobile rates of 1 to 3 mbps. Only VoIP .
• WiBro promises much higher data rates than you
  can get even from a third-generation (3G)
  cellular systeman initial rate of 1 to 3
  megabits per second, versus the 384 kilobits per
  second typical in advanced mobile phone networks
  today. And the WiBro download rate may eventually
  rise to about 18 Mb/s, fast enough for even
  high-definition television, as well as voice,
  video, and old-fashioned e-mail and Web traffic.

93
Broadband - USA

• USA 45 households use broadband 80 by 2010
• ower broadband prices are partially responsible
  for increased high-speed adoption in the United
  States. More than 43 percent of online U.S.
  households now connect via broadband, according
  to a new report from JupiterResearch, an IT
  research firm owned by the same parent as this
  Web site.
• The figure is expected to jump to nearly 80
  percent of online households by 2010, creating
  new opportunities for online portals to add users
  by offering customizable content such as
  entertainment, blogs and personal pages, analysts
  at the firm said.

94
Broadband - USA

• USA August 2005 43 homes BB
• Lower broadband prices are partially responsible
  for increased high-speed adoption in the United
  States. More than 43 percent of online U.S.
  households now connect via broadband, according
  to a new report from JupiterResearch, an IT
  research firm owned by the same parent as this
  Web site.

95
Digital cities

• Municipal WiFi
• private enterprise broadband providers ignoring
  the growing digital divide should expect
  competition from local municipalities. That's the
  role of local governments, says one of the
  nation's leading proponents of municipal Wi-Fi.

96
Digital cities

• Cities vs private enterprise
• As Philadelphia's chief information officer,
  Dianah Neff knows all about the contentious
  debate going on between cities wanting to offer
  broadband as just an utility among companies that
  don't think government should be in the business
  of competing against private enterprise

97
Digital cities

• Digital divide is local
• The digital divide is local. Spurring economic
  development is a local issue," Neff told a U.S.
  Chamber of Commerce luncheon in Washington
  earlier this week. "We believe that there is
  space in this marketplace. We're about open
  competition. We're not about exclusivity. We're
  not about setting special rules for anybody."

98
Digital Cities

• 800 towns deploying broadband
• Danville and Provo are just two of about 800
  communities that are in some stage of municipal
  broadband deployment, estimates Michael Render,
  president of Render Vanderslice Associates,
  which tracks fiber-optic deployments. According
  to Render, the trend is gaining steam as
  broadband becomes as much a part of a town's
  infrastructure as sidewalks, sewer lines, power
  lines and gas mains.

99
Digital cities

• Hundreds of towns world wide
• The trend is global. World Wide Packets, which
  also provided gear to Provo, says it is working
  with about 30 communities in such far-flung spots
  as Finland, New Zealand and Dubai.
• All these communities believe they are being
  underserved by the incumbents or not served or
  never-to-be-served, says Dave Curry, president
  and chief executive of World Wide Packets.

100
Digital cities

• 1.5 5, and 10 mbps
• In July, the city started selling a
  1.5-megabit-per-second package of voice, data and
  video services for 89.99 a month. (Five- and
  10-megabit speeds are available for 109.99 and
  129.99, respectively.) The rollout of iProvo,
  which can ramp up to 1 gigabit, is getting a good
  reception. So far, about 400 people have signed
  up. When it is fully deployed in about two years,
  it will pass every house, school, business and
  municipal building in Provo.

101
Digital cities

• Digital cities 200 in USA
• Meanwhile about 200 U.S. towns have given up on
  the private sector and have installed their own
  fiber networks. Ultimately, fiber appears certain
  to prevail. Phone companies refurbish their lines
  at an average annual rate of about 3 percent,
  observes analyst Michael Howard of Infonetics
  Research in San Jose, Calif. So fiber should
  begin replacing copper at that rate at least.

102
Digital cities

• WiFi Mesh-Tropos and Belair
• All three Philly proposals include use of Wi-Fi
  mesh equipment from either Tropos Networks or
  BelAir Networks. Such self-configuring mesh
  equipment has become a favorite method of
  handling municipality-wide wireless networks.

103
Broadband access - PLC

• BB powerline-IBM
• Big Blue and CenterPoint Energy (Quote, Chart)
  have opened a BPL center in Houston to test the
  high-speed technology, appealing because the
  power grid already blankets the country. The
  companies also launched a pilot program serving
  an area of approximately 220 homes in southwest
  Houston. The trial, which will run through
  August, is using new BPL technology that is three
  times faster than previous iterations.

104
Broadband access-PLC

• Evaluating BPL
• IBM's contribution to the BPL center includes
  xSeries servers, PCs, wireless gear and kiosk
  technology. For the pilot program, IBM will
  provide project management and assessment of use.
  Following the trial, IBM will help evaluate
  customer satisfaction and assess the potential
  for BPL in that market.

105
Broadband access-PLC/BPL

• IBM and Google invest in BPL.
• With BPL they will be able to see every device on
  their network from the meter to the substation,"
  Fine said. "They will be able to do automated
  meter reading, work load management, remote turn
  on and turn off, security and outage management
  and triangulation, to name a few applications."

106
Broadband - WiFi

• WiFi 271 million by 2008
• Pyramid Research, a communications industry
  research firm, predicts the global number of
  Wi-Fi users could top 271 million by 2008, with
  177 million of them in the U.S. Today's Wi-Fi
  community already supports a vibrant
  international business in Wi-Fi

107
Broadband applications
108
Broadband Applications
109
Broadband Applications

• Broadband Video
• _ Video on Demand
• _ Pay Per View
• _ Audio on Demand
• _ Internet on TV
• _ Gaming
• _ Video Telephony
• _ Multimedia Messaging
• _ Personal Video Recorder
• _ Interactive Program Guide
• _ Walled Garden
• Our set-top box combines communications and
  entertainment services into a user-friendly,
  multifunctional, multimedia-based user experience.

110
Broadband applications

• General Internet Access
• Browsing
• Messaging
• File Downloading
• Games
• Audio and Video
• Audio delivery
• Audio Delivery
• Internet Telephony
• Video Delivery
• Video Conference
• New Applications    - Peer-to-Peer
  Applications    - Distributed Work     -
  Distance Learning    - Home Content

111
Killer Applications

• (1) Killer Applications - First Wave   -
  Heavy Internet users(always on)(2) Killer
  Applications Second Wave     - Adult
  content     - Stock exchange (Day
  Trader)     - Online game(3) Killer
  Applications - Third Wave
•      - Broadband Portal     -
  Education     - Music     -
  Movie     - Television Program

112
Broadband Internet Applications

• Transform the Internet
• Broadband access, along with the content and
  services it might enable, has the potential to
  transform the Internet both what it offers and
  how it is used. For example, a two-way high speed
  connection could be used for interactive
  applications such as
• online classrooms
• online showrooms
• Online health clinics

113
Broadband Internet Applications

• Broadband Internet
• An always on connection could be used to
  monitor home security, home automation, or even
  patient health remotely through the Web.
• Monitor home security
• Home automation
• Patient health

114
Broadband Internet Applications

• Video applications
• The high speed and high volume that broadband
  offers could also be used for bundled service
  where, for example, cable television, video on
  demand, voice, data, and other services are all
  offered over a single line.
• Video
• Live TV
• VoD

115
Broadband Applications
116
Broadband applications

• Multi-media
• While the opportunity is significant, the
  infrastructure issue is an obvious roadblock the
  challenge with this entire category is that all
  of these services include a multimedia
  componentvideo, audio, animationthat will
  require broadband to ensure a quality end-user
  experience.

117
Broadband

• The USA
• What is not purely dependent on the dynamics of
  competition is the need for ubiquitous broadband
  access. In this case, evidence of the need for
  forces beyond normal market dynamics is
  everywhere from the demise of CLECs to the stil