The Earth Simulator System

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The Earth Simulator System

• Hui Zhu
• Instructor Dr. Damian

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Introduction

• Application to the atmospheric and oceanographic
  science
• Application to the solid earth science

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System Overview

• Highly parallel vector supercomputer system
• 1. consisting of 640 processor nodes (PN)
• 2. Interconnection network (IN)
• The physical system is composed of
• 320 PN cabinets, each containing 2 processor
  nodes
• 65 IN cabinets contain the interconnection network

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Processor Node (PN)

• Shared memory parallel vector supercomputer
• Every node contains
• 8 arithmetic processors (AP).
• a main memory system (MS).

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Interconnection Network

• A huge 640640 crossbar switch
• Divided into a control unit and 128 data switch
  units

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Interconnection Network

• No supervisor exists in the interconnection
  network. The control unit and the 128 data switch
  units operate asynchronously.

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Interconnection Network

• Error Occurrence Rate Problem
• 83,200 pairs of serial transmissions are
  used for realizing the aggregate switching
  capacity, 130 pairs are used for connecting
  processor node and interconnection network
• ECC codes are added to the transfer data

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Interconnection Network

• To realize the high-speed parallel processing
  synchronization
• 1. Global Barrier Counter (GBC)
• 2. Global Barrier Flag (GBF)

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OS Managment

• Super Cluster System
• 640 PNs grouped into 40 clusters
• A supervisor called Super-Cluster control
  station(SCCS) manages all clusters
• Every cluster has its own cluster control
  station(CCS)

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Performance

• The most powerful supercomputer in the world
• Achieving 35.86 TFLOPS, 87.5 of peak performance
  of the system in LINPACK benchmark

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Conclusion

• Vector processor
• Shared memory
• High-bandwidth and non-blocking interconnection
  crossbar network

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Conclusion

• UK Met office for operational weather forecasts
  and the Hadley center for climate research have
  some collaboration with the Earth simulator.