The Changing Face of Literacy

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The Changing Face ofLiteracy

• Alice A. Christie, Ph.D.

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The OLD

• Print-Based
• Static
• Prescribed
• 3 Rs
• Elementary School
• Teacher-Centered

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Help!! I cant find what Im looking for!
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The NEW

• Multimedia
• Dynamic
• Open-Ended
• Cross Curricular
• Lifelong Learning
• Student- Centered

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The FUTURE
?
?
?
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Overview

• Paradigm Shift
• My Research on Literacy and Technology
• Information Consumers
• Information Producers
• 21st Century Literacy
• Trends
• The Future

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The NEW Economy

• Industrial Age Information Age
• Product-based Knowledge-based

Students can no longerbe expected to learn
afinite body of knowledge
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New Learning Strategies

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Paradigm Shift

• Technology shifts control from a central
  authoritarian figure or sage-on-the-stage
  model. This shift encourages
• risk-taking
• open-ended exploration
• shared responsibility/decision-making
• authentic reading and writing opportunities
• Technology enhances literacy

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Paradigm Shift

• Technology allows choices of
• materials used
• topics investigated
• learning path
• Technology encourages students to take ownership
  of their learning

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Paradigm Shift

• Students learning in cyberspace are
• reading from authentic sources, not textbooks
• learning what they choose to know, not what
  someone else thinks they should know
• seeing many versions of the truth, not a single,
  controlled version of the truth
• forming value judgments about the worth of what
  they learn, rather than not being evaluated on
  their mastery of textbook knowledge

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My Research

• Profiles of Literacy Development
• Tony
• Christi and Mandy
• Mike

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Profile 1 Tony

• Thnks for send mall.
• Tony, Age 10

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Profile 1

• One of Tonys Many Alien Pictures

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Profile 1

• Tonys Alien Report

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Profile 2 Christi and Mandy
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Profile 2
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Profile 3 Mike

• Dear,alice
• halow good biy
• Love,Mike
• Dear alice
• I rot miy penpal
• from mike
• Mike, Age 8

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Profile 3

• ?????????????
• Mikes Mike Mike
• Carz Basball Futball
• ?
• ????????????????
• Mikes Mikes Mike
  Mikes
• SUNS aliens hocky
  Baskitbal

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Profile 3 Drafts 1 and 2
Draft 1 The thang I lick abot the intrnt is
the pithrs. Draft 2 The thing I like about
the Internet is the pictures.
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Profile 3 Draft 3
The thing I like about the Internet is the
pictures. I can see football cratoon cars
basketball karate pedlice cars pedatora and alot
more
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Profile 3 Final Draft

• All About Veronica
• by Mike Andre-Santos
• The thing I like about the Internet is the
  pictures. I can see football, cartoon, cars,
  basketball, karate, baseball, police car,
  predator ,and alot more.

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Another Paradigm Shift

• Information Consumers

• Information Producers

My Web Site on Cloning
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Information Consumers

• Information Explosion
• Strategies Needed for the Information Age

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Information Explosion

• Over one million books are published annually
  over 1,000 per day worldwide

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Information Explosion

• The English language now contains 540,000
  words, five times more than in Shakespeare's
  time!!!

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Information Explosion

• New York Times weekly edition contains more
  information than a person would come across in a
  lifetime in 17th-century

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Information Explosion

• The amount of available information doubles every

TWELVE MONTHS
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Information Explosion Information Overload...
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Overcoming Information Overload

• We must help our students take control of the
  flood of information bombarding them!

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Evaluation Strategies

• Using CARS
• Credibility
• Accuracy
• Reasonableness
• Support

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CARS Credibility

• Authors credentials
• Known or respected authority
• Trustworthy source or host
• Evidence of quality control
• Organizational support

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CARS Accuracy

• Up-to-date
• Factual
• Comprehensive
• Complete

Tree Cow Page
My HomePage
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CARS Reasonableness

• Fair
• Balanced
• Objective
• Reasoned
• Free from bias or slanted tone

My HomePage
Tree Cow Page
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CARS Support

• Sources listed
• Contact information listed
• Confirming information

My HomePage
Tree Cow Page
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Information

• Consumer

• Producer

My PowerPointPresentation
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Information Producers

• Students and teachers as on-line authors
• Integrative, Thematic or Cross Curricular Units
• WebQuests
• Units in Specific Content Areas
• Links for Student Research
• Problem-Based Learning

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Information Producers

• Students and teachers as multimedia authors
• HyperStudio Stacks
• Interactive PowerPoint Presentations
• Digital Images and Digital Movies
• Inspiration Webs and Charts
• Electronic Portfolios
• More .

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Definitions of Literacy
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Old Definitions of Literacy

• Literate Citizens
• Decode well
• Read well
• Comprehend well
• Write well

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21st Century Literacy
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Definition 21st Century Literacy

• The ability to
• know when there is a need for information
• identity and locate information
• critically evaluate information
• incorporate selected information into ones
  knowledge base
• effectively use and communicate information in
  various formats
• Information Literacy Initiative

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Definition 21st Century Literacy

• Beyond the basic skills of reading, writing,
  and arithmetic,
• 21st century citizens need complex analytical
  skills
• to manage the unprecedented volume of information
  at our fingertips
• ERIC Digest

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New Definitions of Literacy

• Literate Citizens
• Informed decision-makers
• Independent lifelong learners
• Critical reflectors
• Responsible consumers and producers of
  information
• Resource-based learners
• Problem solvers
• Collaborators

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The Intellectual Challenge

• Re-examine the nature and purpose of literacy
  education.
• Understand that literacy is re-defined
  continually as society's demands for literate
  citizens change.
• Acknowledge that multiple literacies are required
  of our students, ourselves, and our society.

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Daily Challenges for Teachers

• Restructuring the learning process
• Changing the role of the teacher from knowledge
  dispenser to facilitator of active learning

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Shifts in Teaching

• Use many information sources and media types
  rather than single printed text
• Extend learning beyond classroom walls and hours
• Support and facilitate student learning
• Honor multiple ways of knowing/learning
• Evaluate learning authentically/critically

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Shifts in Learning

• Seek a rich range of information sources
• Critically evaluate information sources
• Learn 24 x 7
• Learn from environment, numerous people, wide
  array of learning tools
• Reflect on ones own learning
• Take responsibility for ones own learning

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Where are we headed?
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Internet Trends

• 2000 165 million online in the US
• 2000 60 of US population online
• 2001 4 of 5 US kids online (Census Bureau)
• 2001 30 million Americans under 18 online
• Pew Internet and American Life Project

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Internet Trends
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Internet Trends

• 75 of users believe Internet improves their
  lives
• Users aged 9 - 17
• 63 prefer the Internet to TV
• 55 rate Internet above telephone for
  communicating

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Current Trends Education

• National School Boards Foundation
• Internet is a positive force in students
  education
• Middle and High School Students
• 40 say Internet has improved their attitudes
  about school as well as their school attendance

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Current Trends Parents

• Parents report Internet use has NOT changed
  childrens other activities, except
• 37 report children watch less TV

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Current Trends Parents

• Since getting the Internet at home

UCLA Internet Report
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Current Trends Parents

• Pew Internet in American Life Project

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Current Trends Teens
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Current Trends Online Teens
94
78
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17

• Pew Internet and American Life Project

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Current Trends Online Teens
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71

• Pew Internet and American Life Project

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Current Trends Online Teens
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20

• Pew Internet and American Life Project

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Current Trends Online Teens

• Top five online activities for teens
• Email
• Surfing for fun
• Visiting entertainment sites
• Using Instant Messaging (71 of teens)
• Researching hobbies
• Pew Internet and American Life Project

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Current Trends Online Teens

• Time Spent Daily on Instant Messaging
• 5 - more than 2 hours
• 16 - more than 1 hour
• 46 - between 30 and 60 minutes
• 32 - under 30 minutes

Pew Internet and American Life Project
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Current Trends Online Teens

• Pew Internet and American Life Project

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Current TrendsTeens Online Buying

• 20 made online purchases in 2000
• Favorite purchases
• Entertainment software, books, event tickets
• Favorite shopping sites
• Amazon, eBay, Alloy, Gap, JCrew, FootLocker
• Barrier to e-commerce lack of credit cards

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TheFutureWhereAreWeHeaded?
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The Future 2005

• 77 million kids under 18 online
• 47 million US teenagers online
• More kids online at school than at home
• US teenagers will spend 10.6 billion generally
  using prepaid cards
• More global Internet use

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The Future Hardware

• New look
• Wireless
• Accomplish tasks currently unknown
• Move science fiction capabilities into reality
• Continue to change our role as educators

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The Future Software

• New formats or non-existent
• More ubiquitous
• More interactive
• More graphics
• Accomplish tasks currently unknown
• Continue to change our role as educators

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The Future Education

• 24x7 anytime-anyplace learning
• More access for place-bound students
• More distance learning opportunities
• More web-based delivery
• Student-centered, student-driven curriculum

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The Future Education

• More home schooling
• More interactive web sites
• More digital collections of information
• More teachers and students as information
  producers
• More holistic assessment

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OurFutureStudents
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Are We Ready to Meet the Challenge?
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Questions and Comments
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Contact Information

• Dr. Alice Christie
• http//www.west.asu.edu/achristie/
• http//www.west.asu.edu/achristie/cue/
• alice.christie_at_asu.edu

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