Statistical Resources

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Statistical Resources

• LIS 60611

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Overview

• Data Concepts
• Federal Statistics
• Finding Aids
• Compilations
• Statistical Agencies
• Census of Population and Housing
• American Factfinder

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Data Concepts

• Data observation of attributes
• Variables things that change with each
  observation
• Statistics representation of the observation

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Data

• Collection
• Survey
• Administrative
• Direct Observation
• Types
• Qualitative
• Quantitative

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Statistics

• Types of Statistics
• Descriptive
• Inferential
• Levels of Observation
• Microdata
• Aggregate

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Understanding Data

• Population
• Sample
• Unit of analysis
• Geography
• Time

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Understanding Data - Time

• Repeated survey
• Panel study
• Longitudinal study
• Time series
• One-time
• Cross-sectional

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Data Documentation

• Codebooks
• Data Dictionaries

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Data Dissemination

• Raw data files
• Aggregate data files
• Macrodata
• Published data
• Statistical tables
• Text

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Data Collectors

• Government Agencies
• Academic Research Community
• Private Sector Researchers

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Reference Interview

• Topic
• Unit of analysis
• Geography
• Time period
• Frequency
• Source
• Variables

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Federal Statistics
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Federal Statistics

• Major function of U.S. Government
• Worlds largest gatherer/compiler
• Reliable source
• Decentralized
• 70 Agencies
• Coordinated by the OMB

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Why?

• Support mission
• Sole mission 11 agencies
• Support broader mission
• Legislative mandates
• Federal funds allocations based on
  statistics/statistical formulas

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Federal Statistics

• Most data not published
• Raw, aggregate, or macro data files may be
  available
• Agency
• Data Ferret
• ICPSR
• Libraries rarely collect data files

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Published Statistics

• Selected tables
• Required for agency operations
• Requested by other agencies
• Frequently requested
• Small percentage large volume

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Top Three Govt Producers

• Census Bureau (DOC)
• Bureau of Economic Analysis (DOC)
• Bureau of Labor Statistics (DOL)

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Other Major Producers

• National Agricultural Statistics Service (USDA)
• Economic Research Service (USDA)
• National Center for Education Statistics (ED)
• Energy Information Administration (DOE)
• Bureau of Justice Statistics (DOJ)
• National Center for Health Statistics (HHS)
• Statistics of Income Division (IRS-Treas.)
• Bureau of Transportation Statistics (DOT)

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Finding Aids and Compilations
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Finding Aids

• American Statistics Index
• LexisNexis Statistical
• Guide to U.S. Government Statistics
• FedStats
• Agency Specific Guides

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American Statistics Index

• 1972 -, annual
• Federal agency publications (1960s )
• print
• online
• Microfiche set

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LexisNexis Statistical

• ASI, ISI, SRI
• Two sections
• Power Tables
• Abstracts
• Digital images and spreadsheet formats

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Guide to U.S. Government Statistics

• 1986
• Annotated guide to nearly 20,000 publications
• Arranged by SuDoc Classification Scheme
• Agency, Title, Area, and Subject Indexes

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FedStats

• http//www.fedstats.gov
• Gateway to statistics produced by 100 agencies
• Searches
• Topic
• Agency
• Geography

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Agency Specific Guides

• All products of agency
• Selected series
• Producers
• Agency
• Academic Community
• Private Sector

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STAT-USA

• NTIS subscription service
• Depositories have passwords
• Compilation of data from other agencies
• Economics
• Business
• International Trade
• USA-Trade add on component

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Statistical Abstract of the United States

• 1878 present
• Census Bureau
• Data collected from many sources
• Summarizes social, political, and economic data

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Statistical Abstract

• National Focus
• Most recent data available
• Some time series
• Many tables provide data for states and regions
• Some data for metropolitan areas and cities
• Some comparative international data

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Statistical Agencies
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Bureau of Transportation Statistics

• http//www.bts.gov/
• 1992
• Collects, analyzes, and reports
• Airline
• Motor Carriers
• Highway
• Pedestrian

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Statistics of Income Division

• http//www.irs.gov/taxstats/index.html
• Part of the IRS
• Publications
• IRS Data Books
• Statistics of Income Bulletins
• Individual Tax Statistics
• Corporate Tax Statistics

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National Center for Health Statistics

• http//www.cdc.gov/nchs/
• Part of the Centers for Disease Control
• Data collection
• Birth and death records
• Medical records
• Interviews
• Physical Exams
• Laboratory Testing

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Publications

• Health, United States, (annual)
• Vital Statistics of the United States
• Life Tables
• Atlas of United States Mortality
• Charting the Nations Health

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Bureau of Justice Statistics

• http//www.ojp.usdoj.gov/bjs/
• Established 1979
• Topics
• Crime
• Criminal offenders
• Victims of crime
• Law enforcement
• Courts and sentencing

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Energy Information Administration

• http//www.eia.doe.gov/
• 1977-
• Data, forecasts, and analyses
• Current data
• Historic data (1949-)

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National Center for Education Statistics

• httpnces.ed.gov
• Education-related statistics
• Assessments
• Early Childhood
• Primary/Secondary Education
• Postsecondary
• International

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Publications

• Condition of Education
• Digest of Education Statistics
• Education Statistics Quarterly
• Homeschooling in the United States
• Projections of Education
• Vocational Education in the United States

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Economic Research Service

• http//www.ers.usda.gov/
• Economic research in USDA
• Examples of Publications
• How much do Americans pay for fruits and
  vegetables
• New patterns of Hispanic settlement in rural
  America
• Rural poverty at a glance

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National Agricultural Statistical Service

• http//www.usda.gov/nass/
• 1961-
• Publications
• Agricultural Statistics (annual)
• Census of Agriculture (1997-)
• Weekly Weather and Crop Bulletin
• Trends in U.S. Agriculture

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Bureau of Labor Statistics

• http//www.bls.gov/
• Dept. of Labor
• Labor economics and statistics

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Major Programs

• Employment and unemployment
• Prices and living conditions
• Compensation and working conditions
• Productivity and technology
• International data
• Employment and projections

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Selected Publications

• Consumer Price Index
• Producer Price Index
• Monthly Labor Review
• Occupational Outlook Quarterly

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Bureau of Economic Analysis

• http//www.bea.gov
• Understanding of U.S. economy
• Principle programs
• National Accounts
• Regional Accounts
• International Accounts
• Industry Accounts

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Census Bureau

• http//www.census.gov
• 1902
• Collects, processes, compiles, disseminates
• Other govt agencies
• Private sector
• Public
• 98 of govt statistics

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Major Series

• Census of Population and Housing
• Economic Censuses
• Censuses of Governments
• American Community Survey
• Current Population Reports
• Statistical Abstract

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Census of Population and Housing
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• Representatives and direct Taxes shall be
  apportioned among the several States which may be
  included within this Union, according to their
  respective Numbers

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• The actual Enumeration shall be made within
  three years after the first Meeting of the
  Congress of the United States, and within every
  subsequent Term of ten Years, in such Manner as
  they shall by Law direct
• U.S. Constitution, Article 1, Section 2

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Decennial Census

• 1790 population
• Free white males, 16 and
• Free white females
• All other free persons
• Slaves

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Subsequent Censuses

• Additional questions
• Reflect growth of country
• Changing needs and interests
• Grid of population and housing items
  http//www.lib.umich.edu/govdocs/census2/censubj.p
  df

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1950

• Decennial Census Population and Housing
• Other censuses (years ending in 2 and 7)
• Agriculture
• Government
• Economic

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Population and Housing

• Population
• 1790 (mandated by Constitution)
• Counts people
• Some demographic and socio-economic
  characteristics
• Housing
• 1940
• Counts number of residential dwellings
• Selected physical and financial characteristics

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Uses

• Reapportionment
• Redistricting
• Allocation and distribution of funds
• Businesses, social, and non-profit organizations

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Census Questions

• Mandated by law
• http//www.census.gov/dmd/www/content.htm
• 1990 - 2000
• Short form
• Long form
• 17 of households

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100

• Relationship to head of household
• Sex
• Race
• Hispanic origin
• Age
• Tenure (own or rent)

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Race

• 1990 one race
• 2000 up to six races
• White
• American Indian and Alaska Native
• Native Hawaiian and other Pacific Islander
• Black or African American
• Asian
• Other Race

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Hispanic Origin

• Ethnic group
• May be any race
• Some tables provide details
• Cuban
• Puerto Rican
• Mexican
• Spanish
• Specific Latin American Countries

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Race and Hispanic Origin

• 43 of Hispanic other race
• 2.4 of population multiple races

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Summary File 1

• Approx. 300 tables
• Counts and cross-tabulations
• Detailed race, Hispanic groups, American
  Indian/Alaska Native tribes to census tract level
• Tables repeat for major race groups alone, two or
  more races combined, Hispanic, and White not
  Hispanic.
• Lowest level of geography block, tract

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Summary File 2

• Same data as Summary File 1
• 250 races and Hispanic groups
• Lowest level of geography census tract

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Sample Questions

• Marital Status
• Grandparents as caregivers
• School enrollment and educational attainment
• Citizenship
• Nativity and language spoken at home
• Ancestry
• Mobility
• Employment, Industry, and Occupation
• Disability Status

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Sample Questions

• Veteran status
• Income and poverty
• Housing questions
• Units in structure, rooms in unit, number of
  bedrooms
• Value of home/rent paid
• Year built and year moved in
• Plumbing and kitchen facilities
• Heating fuel, telephone, vehicles
• Farm residence

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Summary File 3

• 813 Data Tables
• Counts and cross-tabulations of sample items
• Lowest level of geography block group

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Summary File 4

• Same data as Summary File 3
• Tables repeat by race, Hispanic, American
  Indian/Alaska Native tribe, and ancestry
• 210 racial groups
• 125 ethnic groups

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Public Use Microdata

• PUMS
• 1 National Characteristics File
• 5 State Files
• Unaggregated responses with identifying
  information removed
• Create your own tables
• Requires statistical software

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100 and Sample Counts

• Sample counts are weighted
• Sample counts do not always match 100 counts
• More data for larger geographic levels
• Most data at National level
• 100 counts only data at block level

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Geographical Hierarchy
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Census Definitions

• Place
• Suburb and neighborhood
• not defined
• not used
• Some unique geographies
• Census Tracts
• Census Block Groups
• Census Blocks

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Availability

• Websites
• American Factfinder
• Other Census Bureau pages
• Other sites
• Some printed reports
• Some DVD and CD-Rom products
• Zipped Files for FTP for local manipulation

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American Factfinder

• http//factfinder.census.gov
• Primary means of dissemination
• 2000 Decennial Census
• 1997 and 2002 Economic Censuses
• American Community Survey
• Thematic and reference mapping
• 1990 Census selected tables

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