Using and understanding the CVOR

1
Using and understanding the CVOR

• Barrie Montague
• Senior Policy Advisor
• Ontario Trucking Association
• August 6, 2009
• Erleigh Associates

2
Truck safety

• General misunderstanding about the level truck
  safety
• Trucks are involved in relatively few collisions
• But they are usually more severe and create more
  disruption
• The accident rate continues to fall
• But further action must be taken to reduce the
  frequency and severity of collisions involving
  trucks

3
Truck safety - What can be done?

• Not simply more government intervention
• Several parties have a role to play
• Government
• Suppliers
• Operators
• Users

4
Role of Government

• Regulation
• Rules of the road
• Vehicle maintenance
• Driver qualification
• Fatigue management
• Training
• Enforcement and intervention
• Monetary penalties
• Licence suspension
• CVOR

5
Role of suppliers

• Technology
• Speed control
• Roll over/Jackknife
• Lane wandering
• Look ahead
• EOBRs
• Fatigue monitoring

6
Role of operators

• To manage its safety an operator must
• Develop clear safety policies
• Have good hiring practices
• Continuously monitor the performance of its
  employees
• Provide adequate training

7
Role of users

• Only use carriers that demonstrate a good safety
  performance which, over time, will improve
  safety.
• This practice will
• encourage an operator with a poor performance to
  improve, or eventually
• if it does not improve, its level of activity
  will be reduced and it will be forced to exit the
  marketplace

8
Role of users

• Select a safe carrier by using data available
• Level of insurance coverage/self retention
• Information collected after a dialogue with the
  carrier
• Government information - CVOR
• To use CVOR properly, it must be understood
• No need to understand the detailed workings of
  the model
• Just understand the general principles and the
  output

9
The CVOR - overview

• A brief history of the CVOR system
• Principles of the CVOR system
• The CVOR record
• How events shown on the CVOR are evaluated
• Measurement of exposure
• Measurement of performance
• What the results mean

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History of the CVOR

• 1988 economic regulation abolished and replaced
  by economic regulation
• National Safety Code established with 16
  standards covering a variety of safety related
  matters
• NSC is not law but provides guidelines for
  provinces to develop consistent regulations
• The CVOR system was born

11
The CVOR evolves

• Two major revisions reflected
• Concerns of industry about equitable system
• Increased emphasis on driver performance
• Inclusion of data from every province
• Latest version launched in 2007
• Further revision likely to include data from U.S.

12
Principles of the CVOR system

• The main purposes of the CVOR are
• To record an operators safety and compliance
  record and assess its safety and compliance
  performance
• To identify those carriers that have an
  unacceptable level of safety and compliance
• To allow MTO to take action against a carrier
  before that carrier becomes an unacceptable risk
  to other road users
• To provide 3rd parties (shippers, insurers,
  users, and general public) with information about
  a carriers safety performance

13
Principles of the CVOR system

• The CVOR record shows
• Basic operational data about the carrier (
  trucks, distance travelled, drivers, ownership,
  etc.)
• A simple summary of collisions, convictions and
  inspections
• The CVOR system measures safety and compliance
  performance on Ontario and Canadian highways
• Performance based on 3 types of event -
  accidents, convictions and inspection results
  entered on the CVOR record
• Performance based on events occurring in all
  provinces
• Each event is evaluated
• Performance assessed against a carriers exposure
  to events
• Performance assessed over a 2 year period
• CVOR record and performance updated each month
  and MTO retains records for 5 years

14
The CVOR record

• The CVOR record has two separate components
• A record of all events
• A statistical evaluation of the operators
  performance

15
CVOR operational data

• COMMERCIAL VEHICLE OPERATOR SUMMARY
  Page No 1
• Search Date 2009 06 16
  Reference No060-E-1320
• CARRIER INFORMATION
• CVOR 128-999-999
• Name HAMILTON TRANSPORT LTD.
• Operating As STEEL CITY TRANSPORT
• Address 10 MAIN ST, HAMILTON, ON, L8W 4R6
• CVOR Status Registered Original Certificate
  Issued 2005 01 01
• Operator Type For Hire Certificate
  Expiry Date 2011 03 03
• Dangerous Goods No
  Commodities GENERAL FREIGHT
• Motor Vehicle Inspection Station No
  Ontario MVIS Licence
• Canadian Kms Traveled 1,200,000
  Total Kms Traveled 2,400,000
• Trucks 20 Buses 2
  TOTAL ONTARIO Fleet Size 22
• Vehicles Double Shifted 2
  ADJUSTED Fleet Size 12

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CVOR Summary of events

• PERFORMANCE DATA from 2007 05 17 to 2009 05 16
  (24.00 months)
• ONTARIO SAFETY RATING SATISFACTORY-UNAUDITED
• OVERALL SAFETY VIOLATION RATE 26.7
• COLLISIONS with points 2 Fatal 0
  Personal Injury 0 Property Damage 2
• Collisions not pointed 1
  
  TOTAL COLLISIONS 3
• CONVICTIONS with points 2 not pointed 1
  TOTAL CONVICTIONS 3
• Convictions Related to Driver 1 Vehicle 1 Load
  0 Other 1
• NUMBER OF SAFETY INSPECTIONS BY LEVEL
• L1 8 L2 0 L3 0 L4 0 L5 2
  
  TOTAL10
• NUMBER OF SAFETY INSPECTIONS OUT OF SERVICE BY
  LEVEL
• L1 2 L2 0 L3 0 L4 0 L5 1
  
  TOTAL 3
• OUT OF SERVICE RATES (EXCLUDES LEVEL 4)
• Overall OOS 30.00 Driver OOS
  25.00 Vehicle OOS 20.00
• AUDIT yyyy mm dd (Pass / Fail / Excellent)

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CVOR record - Collisions

• Every collision which occurs in Canada is
  recorded on the CVOR Record, including those
  reported to Collision Reporting Centres. These
  are shown on the Level II record
• Each collision is assessed using 2 criteria
• Preventability - which is not a measure of fault
  in the insurance or legal sense (taken directly
  from police report, but there is an appeal
  process through THSAO)
• Severity - property damage personal injury or
  fatality
• These 2 factors are combined to calculate a
  scored assessment for each collision
• The total score for all collisions in a 2 year
  period is calculated

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CVOR Record - Convictions

• Every conviction is recorded on the CVOR Record
  but only after a conviction has been obtained
• Using a Conviction Table each conviction is
  assessed points
• gt700 convictions identified
• Points ranged from 0 to 5 with a few exceptions
• The total score for all collisions in a 2 year
  period is calculated

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CVOR record - Inspections

• The results of each inspection conducted by MTO
  or OPP are recorded
• Points assessed based on the number of vehicle
  defects and the number of driver violations
• Points and number of inspections are calculated
  for vehicles and drivers separately
• The total score for all inspections in a 2 year
  period is calculated

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Measurement of exposure

• The number of events that appear on a CVOR record
  is dependent on the carriers exposure to events
• There are many factors that could be taken into
  consideration to measure exposure
• miles travelled
• number of trucks
• TDG exposure
• Hwy exposure - 401, northern Ontario, urban, etc.
• Research conducted by MTO showed that using
  distance travelled was the best indicator of
  exposure. This is usually expressed as kilometres
  travelled in Canada /month

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How is the performance of a carrier measured?

• The actual number of points accumulated in a 2
  year period is compared to an absolute level of
  performance (the threshold)
• What is the threshold?
• It is the level that is considered to represent
  the worst of the worst performers
• It gives the maximum number of points that any
  carrier should get in a 24 month period
• It can not be considered a level of performance
  that is acceptable

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How is the threshold determined?

• Statistically determined based on the records of
  all holders of a CVOR
• Statistical relationship between exposure
  (Kms/month) and the number of points in a 2 year
  period was calculated for collisions and
  convictions
• For inspections the statistical relationship
  between exposure (the number of inspections) and
  the number of inspection points in a 2 year
  period was calculated

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How is overall performance calculated?

• For each of the three types of event (collisions,
  convictions, and inspection results)
• Number of points is taken from CVOR record
• The number of points is compared to the absolute
  standard the threshold
• Percentage of threshold is calculated (The larger
  the percentage the worse the performance)
• The three percentage performances are then
  combined
• Collisions 40 convictions 40 and inspections
  20

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CVOR performance summary

• Performance Summary for 2007 05 17 to 2009 05 16
  (24.00 months)
• Event Type of set
  Overall
• Threshold
  Weight Contribution
• Collisions 24.71
  40 9.89
• Convictions 13.58
  40 5.43
• Inspections 56.66
  20 11.33
• 
  
• Overall Safety Violation Rate
  26.65
• Collision breakdown by kilometre rate changes
• Time Dates KM
  RATE Set
  Threshold of set
• Period From-To Months per Month
  Events Points Points
  Threshold
• 1 070517-071231 7.50 80,000
  2 2 4.94
  40.49
• 2 080101-090516 16.50 100,000
  1 2 11.49
  17.54
• --------
  ----- -----
  ------- ---------
• Totals 24.00
  3 4
  16.34 24.71

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Overall violation rate

• What does the final score mean?
• It may trigger a warning letter ( when rate is
  gt35) a facility audit (when rate gt50) a show
  cause hearing a fleet restriction or a complete
  revocation of an operators ability to operate
  (when rate is gt100
• It will determine Carrier Safety Rating

26
Safety Ratings
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CVOR Summary of events

• PERFORMANCE DATA from 2007 05 17 to 2009 05 16
  (24.00 months)
• ONTARIO SAFETY RATING SATISFACTORY-UNAUDITED
• OVERALL SAFETY VIOLATION RATE 26.7
• COLLISIONS with points 2 Fatal 0
  Personal Injury 0 Property Damage 2
• Collisions not pointed 1
  
  TOTAL COLLISIONS 3
• CONVICTIONS with points 2 not pointed 1
  TOTAL CONVICTIONS 3
• Convictions Related to Driver 1 Vehicle 1 Load
  0 Other 1
• NUMBER OF SAFETY INSPECTIONS BY LEVEL
• L1 8 L2 0 L3 0 L4 0 L5 2
  
  TOTAL10
• NUMBER OF SAFETY INSPECTIONS OUT OF SERVICE BY
  LEVEL
• L1 2 L2 0 L3 0 L4 0 L5 1
  
  TOTAL 3
• OUT OF SERVICE RATES (EXCLUDES LEVEL 4)
• Overall OOS 30.00 Driver OOS
  25.00 Vehicle OOS 20.00
• AUDIT yyyy mm dd (Pass / Fail / Excellent)

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Is the system perfect?

• Definitely not
• Some carriers have a lot more exposure to MTO
• It is a statistical model
• BUT
• It gives a good comparative evaluation
• Can prompt user to question the operator

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What should a user do?

• Before using any operator request a copy of its
  CVOR
• Understand the CVOR it is a very useful tool
• Questions?