RISK MANAGEMENT

1
Risk Management
2
Risk Management
ACCIDENT CAUSATION FROM UNSAFE ACTS, UNSAFE
PRACTICES AND UNSAFE CONDITIONS
3
Risk Management
ACCIDENT PREVENTION THROUGH SITUATIONAL
AWARENESS AND RISK MANAGEMENT
4
Situational Awareness is knowing where you are
and what is going on around you at all times.
When properly applied situational awareness
promotes foresight into hazard identification and
accident prevention.
5
Risk Management when properly applied, enables a
leaders to maximize operational capabilities
while minimizing risk to the force.

• Leadership has many dimensions and
  responsibilities. Most would agree that
  optimizing force capabilities and taking care of
  soldiers are the foremost.

6
Risk Management
What Price are We Paying Now?
Desert Shield Desert Storm
Casualties
Hostile fire ......... 2.9 (20) Accidents
.......... 11.14 (75) Fratricide .............
.68 (5)
Historically non-threat losses have almost
always exceeded threat losses
The non-threat losses can be cut 50-100
7
Battle and Non-Battle Casualties
DURINGTHE PAST 50 YEARS NON-BATTLE LOSSES FAR
EXCEEDED BATTLE LOSSES
INJURY AND DEATH DUE TO ACCIDENTS AND FRATICIDE
ARE OUR WORST ENEMY
8
Risk Management
The Modern Process
Risk management is protecting the force and
maximizing mission effectiveness through a
systematic, integrated process of assessing loss
exposure and hazards, determining their extent
and impact, developing and selecting appropriate
risk controls and then implementing and
sustaining them.
9
Key Definitions
Risk Management

• Hazard -

10
Key Definitions
Risk Management

• Hazard - A condition with the potential of
  causing injury or death to personnel or damage
  or destruction to equipment or property.

11
Key Definitions
Risk Management

• Hazard - A condition with the potential of
  causing injury or death to personnel or damage
  or destruction to equipment or property
• Risk -

12
Key Definitions
Risk Management

• Hazard - A condition with the potential of
  causing injury or death to personnel or damage
  or destruction to equipment or property.
• Risk - An expression of possible loss over a
  specific period of time or number of operational
  cycles.

13
Key Definitions
Risk Management

• Hazard - A condition with the potential of
  causing injury or death to personnel or damage
  or destruction to equipment or property.
• Risk - An expression of possible loss over a
  specific period of time or number of operational
  cycles.
• Risk Assessment -

14
Key Definitions
Risk Management

• Hazard - A condition with the potential of
  causing injury or death to personnel or damage
  or destruction to equipment or property.
• Risk - An expression of possible loss over a
  specific period of time or number of operational
  cycles.
• Risk Assessment - The process of detecting
  hazards and systematically assessing their
  overall risk.

15
Key Definitions
Risk Management

• Hazard - A condition with the potential of
  causing injury or death to personnel or damage
  or destruction to equipment or property.
• Risk - An expression of possible loss over a
  specific period of time or number of operational
  cycles.
• Risk Assessment - The process of detecting
  hazards and systematically assessing their
  overall risk.
• Risk Management -

16
Key Definitions
Risk Management

• Hazard - A condition with the potential of
  causing injury or death to personnel or damage
  or destruction to equipment or property.
• Risk - An expression of possible loss over a
  specific period of time or number of operational
  cycles.
• Risk Assessment - The process of detecting
  hazards and systematically assessing their
  overall risk.
• Risk Management - The process whereby
  management decisions are made and implemented
  regarding the control of risk.

17
Key Definitions
Risk Management

• Risk - An expression of possible loss over a
  specific period of time or number of operational
  cycles.
• Risk Assessment - The process of detecting
  hazards and systematically assessing their
  overall risk.
• Risk Management - The process whereby
  management decisions are made and implemented
  regarding the control of risk.
• Gambling -

18
Key Definitions
Risk Management

• Risk - An expression of possible loss over a
  specific period of time or number of operational
  cycles.
• Risk Assessment - The process of detecting
  hazards and systematically assessing their
  overall risk.
• Risk Management - The process whereby
  management decisions are made and implemented
  regarding the control of risk.
• Gambling - The process of making risk decisions
  without applying risk management processes.

19
Four Rules of Safety Risk Management

• Manage risk in the concept and planning stages
  of operations
• Accept no unnecessary risk
• Make risk decisions at the right level
• Accept risks when benefits outweigh costs

20
(No Transcript)
21
Hazard Effect

• Catastrophic Death or permanent total
  disability. System loss, major property
  damage.
• Critical Severe injury, permanent partial
  disability. Temporary total disability.
• Marginal Minor injury, lost workday accident.
  Minor system impairment.
• Negligible First aid or less required.

22
Hazard Probability
Frequent

• Individual Item Occurs often in life of
  system.
• Fleet or Inventory Continuously experienced.
• Individual Soldier Occurs often in career.
• All Soldiers Exposed Continuously experienced.

23
Hazard Probability Likely

• Individual Item Occurs several times in life
  of system.
• Fleet or Inventory Occurs frequently.
• Individual Soldier Occurs several times in
  career.
• All Soldiers Exposed Occurs frequently.

24
Hazard ProbabilityOccasional

• Individual Item Will occur in life of system.
• Fleet or Inventory Occurs several times in life
  of system.
• Individual Soldier Will occur in career.
• All Soldiers Exposed Occurs sporadically.

25
Hazard ProbabilitySeldom

• Individual Item Unlikely but could
  occur in life of system.
• Fleet or Inventory Unlikely but can expect
  to occur in life of system.
• Individual Soldier Unlikely but could
  occur in career.
• All Soldiers Exposed Occurs seldom.

26
Hazard Probability Unlikely

• Individual Item So unlikely can assume
  will not occur in life of system.
• Fleet or Inventory Unlikely but could occur in
  life of system.
• Individual Soldier So unlikely can assume
  will not occur in career.
• All Soldiers Exposed Occurs very rarely.

27
Risk Management
The Training Realism Assessment(TRA) - Objectives

• Eliminate unnecessary safety restrictions to
  training as we will fight
• Identify necessary differences between how we
  train and how we fight and reduce their training
  impact
• Reduce the adverse impact of necessary training
  differences on combat safety and effectiveness

28
Hazard Detection Resources

• Experience
• Experts
• Regulations and Manuals
• Accident Data
• Scenario Thinking

29
Risk Management
SYSTEMIC CAUSES OF ACCIDENTS

• Individuals lack skills to perform assigned task
  or fail to follow the standards.
• Leaders who fail to manage risk effectively or
  fail to enforce the standards.
• Unit standards that are not right for the mission
  or no SOP in place outlining the standards.
• Training not to the standard and that fails to
  provides essential skills knowledge for
  soldiers to execute tasks.
• Support elements that fail to provide essential
  services necessary to complete the mission.

30
Applications of Risk Management


To perform optimally, a unit must have a sound
risk control foundation consisting of

• Individuals possessing essential skills
  positive attitudes
• Leaders who can manage risk effectively
• Unit standards that are right for the mission
• Training that provides essential skills
  knowledge
• Support elements that provide essential services

31
THE APPLICATION OF RISK MANAGEMENT IS
REQUIRED BY ARMY REGULATIONS ARMY FIELD MANUALS
AND THE ARMY COMMAND
32
Risk Management
AR-385-10
The following principles will be effectively
integrated into all Army plans, programs,
decisions processes, operations and
activities (1) Accidents are an unacceptable
impediment to Army missions, readiness, morale,
and resources hence, their prevention will be
aggressively pursued. (2) Decision makers at
every level will employ risk management
approaches to effectively preclude
unacceptable risk to the safety of personnel
and property.
33
Risk Management
FM 100-5
Leaders have a special responsibility to
subordinates. They must never risk their
soldiers lives needlessly.
Safety is (1) Third component of force
protection. (2) A principle element in
everything commanders do - A skill to lessen
the risk of sustained high-tempo
operations. (3) Dependent on strong command and
high levels of discipline/training. (4) A
product of enforced standards. (5) Crucial to
successful operations and preservation of
combat power.
34
Risk Management
FM 101-5
Risk Management (1) Identifies actions which
could help commanders eliminate, reduce, or
minimize risk while maximizing force
protection. (2) Assessment of risk begins with
mission analysis. From this analysis, the staff
considers the conditions most likely to cause
mission failure and other accidents, including
fratricide. (3) Commanders are responsible for
effectively managing risk.
35
FM 25-101
Risk Management

• Commanders- Continuously perform risk assessment-
• Risk management is smart decision making
• Leaders - Identify risks using METT-T factors.
• - Assess possible losses and probability.
• - Make risk decisions and develop controls.
• - Implement controls.
• - Supervise and enforce controls.

36
Risk Management
THE FUTURE
We cant predict the future. We cannot tell
precisely when the next challenge will come or
exactly what form it will take. Yet we do know
that the threats we face are fundamentally
different from those of the recent past. The end
of the bipolar superpower Cold War leaves us with
unfamiliar threats, not the absence of
danger.
President William J. Clinton
37
SUMMARY
38
Risk Management enables leaders to maximize
operational capabilities while minimizing risk to
the force.
Risk Management - The process whereby management
decisions are made and implemented regarding the
control of risk
Historically, non-threat losses have almost
always exceeded threat losses.
39
Risk Management
Four Rules of Safety Risk Management

• Manage risk in the concept and planning
  stages of operations
• Accept no unnecessary risk
• Make risk decisions at the right level
• Accept risks when benefits outweigh costs