Project management

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Project management
The course consists of
lectures
exercises
The student assessment is based on the exercises.
At the end of the course the students should
to be able to plan a project
to be able to manage a project
to be able to evaluate a project
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Project cycle
Background studies
Additional studies
Identification
Evaluation
Assessment of relevance
Monitoring
Planning
Reporting
Implementation
Feasibility
Decision making
Mobilization
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A Project
is planned
has defined goals and targets
has an organization
has a time schedule
has a budget
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Project identification
Situation analysis the cornerstone of project
planning
Background studies
Stakeholder analysis
Additional studies when necessary
Problem analysis key to the projects framework
Analysis can be done as
blueprint planning
collaborative exercise
participatory exercise
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Defining the project purpose
Problem analysis
Problem tree
Assessment of relevance
Does the project purpose answer to the needs of
the beneficiaries
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Problem tree
De-forestation and forest degradation
Wasteful use and poor management of forests
Inadequate legal framework
Unclear land administrat-ion
Forests are exploited without investing in their
renewal
Inefficient farming requires more and more land
to satisfy the needs
Low priority of forest conservat-ion
Root causes
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Unclear land administration
Traditional and modern administrat-ion
concurrently
Weak political system
Demarcation of farms inadequate or lacking
Slow handling of land ownership issues
Inadequate skills and know-how
Lack of equipment
Shortage of funds
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Project purpose
Farms demarcated
Necessary skills and know-how available
Necessary equipment available
Necessary funds available
Needed activities
Training transfer of skills and know-how
Purchase of equipment
Financing demarcation work
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As a result of the problem tree analysis we have
defined
The overall objective
Improve land administration
The project purpose
Demarcation of farms
Expected results
Demarcation of farms in process
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Project purpose
When setting the project purpose we have to
consider
relevance
effectiveness
efficiency
compatibility
sustainability
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Activities
A project often contains many kinds of
activities, for example
Training (courses, scholarships, in-service
training)
Purchase of materials and equipment
Construction
Advice
Development of administration and organization
Financial assistance
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Budget
Personnel costs
Training costs
Capital costs
Implementation costs
Administration costs
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Logical framework
Overall objectives
Indicators
Sources of verification
Project purpose
Indicators
Sources of verification
Assumptions
Results
Indicators
Sources of verification
Assumptions
Assumptions
Activities
Means
Costs
Preconditions
Verification refers to sources, from which the
changes in the indicators can be followed up
Indicators have to be measurable or observable.
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Logical framework analysis of the example project
INDICATORS
SOURCE OF VERIFICATION
ASSUMPTIONS
OVERALL OBJECTIVE Improve land administration
Sustainable use of forests
Field observations, statistics, studies, research
Legislation is clarified Land administration
simplified
PROJECT PURPOSE Demarcation of farms
Farms demarcated and mapped
Field observations, land register, maps
RESULTS Sufficient know-how Necessary equipment
Sufficient funding
Trained staff Adequate equipment Sufficient
funding for the activities
Projects reporting Observations and inventories
Accounting
Vacant positions filled and needed new ones are
established
ACTIVITIES Training Procurement of equipment
Financial support
Courses and scholarships Equipment Money
Accounting
Trainees available Financial administration of
the country satisfactory
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Project document
Gives a full description of the project.
Has to be so detailed that it can be used for
tendering
Contents
1. Summary
2. Situation analysis
Government and sectoral policies
Background research and studies
Problems to be addressed
Stakeholders and beneficiaries
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3. Definition of the intervention
Overall objectives (and corresponding indicators)
Project purpose (and corresponding indicators)
Expected results (and corresponding indicators)
Activities
4. Assumptions and risks
Analysis of factors, which are beyond our
control, but may affect the project
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5. Compatibility and sustainability
Compatibility with the strategic goals of the
institutions involved
Policy environment
Economic and financial feasibility
Institutional capacity
Socio-cultural aspects
Participation and ownership
Equality and gender aspects
Environmental aspects
Appropriateness of technology
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6. Implementation
Approach
Organization
Time schedule
Budget
7. Monitoring
8. Evaluation
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Decision making
Decision to implement the project
Decision of the implementing agency
Tendering
Selection
Making a contract
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Implementation
Mobilization
Recruitment of personnel
Procurement
Creation of an organization
The planned activities are carried out
Reporting
Progress reports
Final report
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Monitoring
The progress reports are used to follow its
implementation
Monitoring done by the person, who is responsible
of its administration in the office of the
commissioning agency
The continuous monitoring helps to detect any
problems in the progress and they can be dealt
with immediately
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Evaluation
In evaluation the project results are compared
with the plan
How the goals have been achieved at different
levels?
The results
Project purpose
Overall objective
During evaluation the next phases of the
intervention are often discusses and proposed,
but this does not actually belong to the
evaluation itself.
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Project cycle
Background studies
Additional studies
Identification
Evaluation
Assessment of relevance
Monitoring
Planning
Reporting
Implementation
Feasibility
Decision making
Mobilization