Disclaimer

1
??????????????? ???????? ? ???????????? ??????
??????? ? ???????????
1 ??????? 2009 ?.
2
Disclaimer

• All information and data given herein are
  believed to be accurate and reliable but are
  presented without guarantee, warranty or
  responsibility of any kind, express or implied.
• Statements concerning possible use of products
  are made without representation or warranty that
  any such use is free of patent infringement, and
  are not recommendations to infringe any patent.
• The user should not assume that all safety
  measures are indicated herein, or that other
  measures may not be required. The values
  presented herein are typical values and are not
  to be interpreted as product specifications. User
  assumes all liability for use of the information
  and results obtained.

3
?????? ????? ????????????? ??????

• ????????? ?????? ???????????????? ? ??????????
  ???????? CO2
• ???????? ????????? ?? ????????? ? ???????
  ????????? (?????????, ????????????????? ??????? ?
  ?.?.)
• ?????????????? ?????? ? ?????? ? ??????????
  ???????????? ????????????? ????? ?????????? 40.
• ? ???????? ?????????/??????? ??????? ??????
  ????? ???? ??? ????? ?????????????.

??? ??????? ????????????????? ????????
4
???? ????????????????? ??????????
Insulation Media
Perceived Drawbacks
Perceived Benefits

• Flammability, melts leaves toxic fumes when
  exposed to fire
• Can not be installed under-deck
• Absorbs Water

• Cheaper than most others
• Light weight
• Easy usability
• Low thermal conductivity, almost equals stonewool
  in U value

Expanded Polystyrene (EPS)

• Low awareness about XPS
• Cost is higher
• Fewer players selling it

• Low thermal conductivity
• Double Compressive strength than EPS
• Fire resistance
• Low water absorption

Extruded Polystyrene (XPS)

• Low thermal conductivity
• Cheap
• Easily available
• Fire resistant
• Does not give toxic fumes upon combustion

• Absorbs water thus needs additional waterproofing

Glasswool/ Rockwool

• Higher cost
• Flammability, releases toxic fumes upon
  combustion
• Diffuses and loses thermal property within few
  years

• Low thermal conductivity
• Easy usability availability
• Light weight
• Sustainable over time

Polyurethane
High
Source Interviews with various stakeholders
?????????? ????? ?? ????????? ????
5
??? ? ??? ????

• ???????? ???? ? ????????????? ?????????, ???
  ???????.
• ? ?????????? ??? ???????? ???????? ???????.
• ??? ? ????????? ??????
• ??? ? ????? ?? ???????? ?????? ????????
• ???????? ???????? ????? ???????? ???????
• ??? ? ????????? ??????
• ?? 97 (?? ??????) ??????? ?? ????
• ??? ? ????? ?????? ?? ???????? ???
• ??? (????????????)
• ???????? ????
• ????????? ??????? ?? ???????? ???, ????????
  ?????????????????

??? ? ????? ????????? ?????? ??? ??????? ???
6
Honeywell HFC-245fa
Honeywell-??????? ????????????? ????????????? ???
??? ? ????????? ??????

7
???????? ? (mW/ mK _at_10º C)

• Sector Blowing Agent
  Thermal conductivity
  Remarks
• Domestic Ref
• /Freezer HCFC141b
  18-19
  
  Baseline
• 
  HFC245fa
  18-19
  Similar to141b
• HFC134a
  
  22-23
  
• HC
  
  19-20
  System optimization 18.8
• Commercial
• Ref/Freezer HFC245fa
  20-21
• 
  Pentanes
  21-22
• Water
  
  24
  Aging Issues
• Sandwich Panel HFC 245fa
  20-21
• (Disconti) HFC 365mfc
  21-23
• 
  Cyclopentane
  20-22
• Sandwich panel
• (continuous) HFC 365mfc/227ea
  21-23
• Pentane
  
  19-20

HFC-245fa ?????????? ????? ????????
8
????????? ??? ? ???? ? ??????????????

• ??? ? HFC-245fa
• High
• Low
• Medium
• No
• Medium
• No

• ??? ? ??
• Low
• High
• Low
• No
• Low
• Yes

• ??????????????
• ????????????????
• ???. ????????
• ?????. ???????
• Ozone Depletion
• Global Warming
• VOC (??????? ???????????? ?-??)

• ??? ? HCFC-141b
• Medium
• Low
• Low
• Yes
• Medium
• No

HFC-245fa ??? ?????????, ?????????? ?
????????????? ???????????? ? ????????????
???????????? ?? ?????????? ?????, ?.?. ??
?????????????? ? ?? ????????? ? ??? , ???????
????????? ??????????? ???????? ?????????????????
??? ??? ???????????? ??????????? ?????????.
HFC-245fa ?????????? ????? ????????
9
????????? ?????????????? ?????? ??? ???????? ??
??????????????? ??????????
Cyclopentane HFC-245fa
Blowing agent storage Safety gap needed between storage tanks, must confirmed by government No Need
premix Good ventilation facilities needed No Need
Safety control Strict safety control panel and gas detectors needed No Need
Equipment maintenance High cost Low cost
Daily operation High cost on ventilation Low cost
Cost About gt350,000 Euro Max 65000/ USD
?????????? ????? ?? ????????? ????
10
??????????

• ????? ?? ??????? ???? - ?????????? ?????????????.
• ??? ?????? HCFC-141b ???? ????????? ?????????.
• HFC-245fa ???????? ????????? ??????? ? ????
  ??????????? ? ??????????????????.
• HFC-245fa ?????????? ??? ? ???????????
  ??????????, ??????? ?????????? ??? ????????????
  HCFC-141b ??? ????????? ????????????????.
• ?????????? ?????????????? ??? ??? ???????????????
  ???????????, ??? ? ????????? ? ?????.
• HC ?????????? ??? ??????? ???????? ?????????.
• ??????? ? HCFC-141b ?? HFC-245fa ?? ????????? ?
  ??????? ??????????????
• ????? ?????
• ????? ????????????????
• ????? ??????????

11
?????????? ???? (R-22) ? ?????????????
????????????
12
?????????? ??? ????????????????? ???????

• ??????? ????????????
• R-410A ???????? ??? ????????? ??? ?????? R-22 ?
  ??????? ??, ???? ? ???????? ???????.
• ???????????? ????????? ? ???????
• ????? ?????????? ??????? ? ???? ???????????.
• R-410A ?????????? ? ??????????? ?????????
• 15 to 350 kW
• R-407C ??????????????? ?????????
• 150 to 1500 kW
• R-134a ????????
• 350 to 1500 kW
• ????????????
• R-134a - 1000 to 15000 kW
• R-123 - 700 to 3500 kW
• R-245fa - 1000 to 5000 kW

R-410A ????? ??????????? ? ?????????? ?????????
13
??? ????? ????????? R-410A?

• ???????????? Honeywell (AlliedSignal) ??? AZ-20
• ????? HFC-125 ? HFC-32
• ???????????????? ????? ? ??????? lt 0.2?C ?
  ??????? ?????????
• R-407C 5-6?C glide HFC-125, HFC-32, HFC-134a
• R-417A 3-4?C glide HFC-125, HFC-134a, Butane
• ??? ????????? ? ASHRAE A1
• ????? ??????? ????????, ??? ? R-22 ? ??????
  ??????????? R-22
• ?????????????????? ?? 5 ????, ??? ? R-22
• ?????????????????? ??? ??????? ?? 10 ????, ??? ?
  ?????? ??????????? (417A, 407C)
• ???????????? ????????????
• ASHRAE assigned number R-410A
• AZ-20 Honeywell registered trademark
• Puron Carrier registered trademark

14
?????? ????????????? ??? ??????? ?? R-410A
? ?????? ??????
15
???? ??????? ?????? ??? ?????? R-410A

• ???????????? ??????? ?????????????? ?? ?????????
  ? ??????????????? ?????????
• ??????? ??????????????? ? ?????????? ???????
• ????????? ????????????? ????????????
• ????????????? ? ???????????????????
• ???????????? ? ?????????????

16
?????????? ?????????????
R-410A Cond.
R-410A Evap.
R-22 Cond.
R-407C Cond.
R-22 Evap.
R-407C Evap.
17
??????? ??????? ????????
R-22 Cond.
R-407C Cond.
R-410A Cond.
R-22 Evap.
R-407C Evap.
R-410A Evap.
18
???????????? ??????? ??????????????

• ?????????? ?????????????
• ??????? ??????? ????????
• ??????? ??????? ????????
• ??????? ????????????????????????

? ? ??????????

• ??????? ??????????????????? ???????
• ??????????? ??? ???????? ?????????? ??????

??????? ? ???????? ?? R-410A ???????????
19
?????????? ????, ??? ? R-407C ? R-22

• ????????????? ???????????? ?? R-407C ? ??????
  ?????? ????????? ????????? ??????????? ?????????
  ????????????? ??????? ???????????.
• ?????? ???????????? ??????????? ???????????
  ????????? ? ??????????? ????????.
• R-417A ? ?????? drop-ins ????? ??? ??
  ?????????? ? ????? ? ???????? ??????.
• ???????????????? R-410A ????????? ?????????? ??
  ???????, ????????? ? ??????? ? ????????????
  ????????????????? ??????? ? ?????????? ??????.
• ?? ?????? Copeland, ?????? ????????? ?? 30 ????,
  ??? ? ???????????? ?? R-22.
• ??????? ?????????? R-410A ???????? ????? ?
  ??????, ????? ???????? ?????? ???????????????
  ???????? ? ????????? ??????????? ????????????.

20
?????????? ??????????????? ????? ??????????
??????

• R-407C ??????/????????
• ???????? _at_ 25oC
• ???????????? ????????? ??????????????? ????????
• ?????????? ??????????? ?? ?????????????????? ?
  ???????? ???????? (???).
• R-410A ??????/????????
• ???????? _at_ 25oC
• ???????? ? ?????????????????? ?? ?????? ??????? ?
  ???????????.

21
??????????

• ?????????? R-410A ???????????? ??????? ????????
  ?????????????????.
• ??? ????? ????????? ???? ??????????? ??????????
  ????? ???????? ??????????? ??????? ????????.
• ?????????? ???????? CO2 ???????????????? ?
  ?????????? ???????? ?????????????????.
• ????? ??????? ??????????????????? ?????? ????????
  ?? ???????????????? ???????????? ? ??????????? ?
  ?????????????? ?????????.
• ????? ????? ?????????? ??? ??????????????
  ?????????? ????????????? ???????.