ENERGY SYSTEMS

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ENERGY SYSTEMS
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ENERGY
The ability to perform work Measured in joules,
calories
Energy is stored in foods e.g. carbohydrates,
fats and proteins
The food we take in is broken down as a result of
chemical reactions and stored as ATP in the muscle
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3 forms of energy
Kinetic- energy seen as muscle movement e.g.
running Chemical- energy from foods e.g fats,
carbohydrates Potential- stored energy waiting
to happen e.g. ATP
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Athletes need energy for exercise, BUT the
energy requirements vary with the type of
exercise.
E.G 100metre sprint requires huge amounts of
energy over a SHORT period of time
The only form of energy that can be used in the
body is ATP
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ATP
Stored in the muscle
Adenosine Triphosphate
ATP must be broken down create movement
The only problem is the body can only store small
amounts of ATP- last 2/3 seconds of
exercise E.G Maximum standing long jump
ATP Re-synthesised
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STRUCTURE OF ATP
ADENOSINE
P
P
P
FORM ATP
3 phosphate groups
EXOTHERMIC REACTION Energy is released
ADENOSINE
P
P
ATPase Enzyme breaks down a phosphate group-
release ATP
P
Energy
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EXOTHERMIC REACTION
a reaction that releases energy
ATP
ADENOSINE
PHOSPHATE
PHOSPHATE
ATPase
Adenosine diphosphate
ATP ADP P ENERGY
RELEASES ENERGY
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ENDOTHERMIC a reaction that requires energy
ADP P ENERGY ATP
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3 Energy Systems
As there is only enough ATP in the body for 2/3
seconds it needs to be Re-synthesised

• This is achieved in 3 ways
• ATP/PC system
• The lactic acid/glycolysis
• Aerobic process

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ATP/PC SYSTEM

• Known as the phosphocreatine system

• ATP is recycled without oxygen (ANAEROBIC
• ENERGY SYSTEM)

How is ATP recycled?
ATP is broken down
ATP ADP P ENERGY
Once this ATP is used in 3 seconds an athlete
will need more energy
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• Phosphocreatine another chemical fuel

ENERGY
Creatine
PC
Phosphate
ENZYME- Creatine kinase
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• ATP/PC system produces ATP for a period of 8/10
  seconds

What type of athlete would predominantly use
this energy system?
E.G Sprinter