Global Positioning System GPS

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Global Positioning SystemGPS

• Tony Riehl
• Skyview High School, Billings, MT

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What is a GPS?
The Global Positioning System (GPS) is actually a
constellation of 27 Earth-orbiting satellites.
The U.S. military developed and implemented this
satellite network as a military navigation system
at a cost of 12 billion dollars.
http//www.howstuffworks.com/gps.htm
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What is a GPS?
Each satellite circles the Earth at an altitude
of about 12,000 miles, traveling at about 7000
mph. The satellites are arranged so that at any
given time, anywhere on Earth, there are at least
four satellites "visible" in the sky.
http//www.howstuffworks.com/gps.htm
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GPSr (aka GPS)
Global Positioning System Receiver. Also known
as a GPSr or GPS. A device used to report your
position. A GPS can give you your latitude,
longitude, altitude, speed, relation to other
locations,
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A Globe
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Longitude
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Latitude
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The World
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East/West or Pos./Neg.
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USA
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Montana
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How does the GPS work?
The GPS uses 3-D Trilateration and a precise
time, accurate to the nearest nanosecond. It
calculates distances based on the time it takes
for the radio waves to travel from a satellite to
the GPSr unit.
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Using a GPS in Travel

• Aviation and Marine Travel
• Road Travel (streets and maps)
• Personal Car
• Trucking
• Tracking vehicles
• Tracking your Children?

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GPS in Industry

• Construction and Agriculture

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Recreational use

• Hunting
• Hiking
• Search and Rescue
• Geocaching
• Benchmark Hunting
• Confluence Project

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GEOCACHING
A sport where you are the search engine.
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Geocaching (v.)
1. A sport where one uses billions of dollars
worth of government equipment to locate useless
dollar store items in remote locations on planet
earth.
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Common Terms
Geocache - A hidden object or location that is
posted by its coordinated for others to
find. Geocacher - An individual that tries to
locate a geocache after being given the
coordinates and maybe some hints. Waypoint -
Waypoints are named coordinates representing
points on the surface of the earth (Latitude and
Longitude). Geomuggle or Muggle - A
non-geocacher. Usually this term is used after a
non geocacher looks puzzled at a geocacher making
circles with their GPS receiver, or when a
non-geocacher accidentally finds a cache.
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Is there a cost to Geocaching?

• You need a GPS (100)
• Gas (???)
• Premium Geocaching Membership (30)

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How did Geocaching get started?

• On May 3rd, 2000 Dave Ulmer hid a cache in Oregon
  and posted the coordinates on the Internet. It
  became the first geocache.
• Geocaching is now in all 50 states and more than
  200 countries.

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Variations on geocaches

• Traditional caches
• Micro caches
• Multi-caches / Offset caches
• Virtual caches
• Event caches
• CITO events
• Puzzle caches

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Geocache containers
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Where are they hidden?
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Where in the world are they?
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Where in the USA are they?
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Where in Montana are they?
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They are Multiplying
October 2005
August 2006
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Billings Heights
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Billings Heights
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Cache In / Trash Out CITO

• While searching for a cache, geocachers are
  encouraged to pick up and tote out trash they
  find along the way.
• Geocaching organizations often host large CITO
  events for picking up trash in an area.

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Geocache Rules

• Cache contents
• No food
• No weapons (knives, ammunition, explosives)
• No drugs or alcohol
• No adult materials
• No solicitations (business, religious, political)

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More rules

• No caches close to active railroad tracks, on
  military installations, near or under highway
  bridges, dams, government buildings, or airports
• No caches on school property without permission
• No buried caches
• No caches near cemeteries

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Cache Objectives(as I see it)

• Take people to a special location that they may
  never see
• Introduce people to a landmark or history of a
  location.
• Create a challenge for someone to solve.

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What do I do when I find one?

• Sign the logbook
• Take one of the trinkets
• Leave one of your own trinkets
• Replace the cache just as you found it for the
  next geocacher to find

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• Log from Kensington Park, London, UK

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Travel Bugs
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Travel Bug - Montana Bug1
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Travel Bug - Montana Bug3
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Travel Bug - Montana Bug3
Montana Bug3 in Hereford, UK
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Are there hazards to geocaching?
Hazards?
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Hazard 1
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Hazard 2
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Hazard 3
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Hazard 4
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The start of poison ivy.
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Poison Ivy!!
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Poison Ivy !!!!
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How is this school related?

• Math
• Science
• Geography
• History
• Physical Education

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Montana Math Content Standards

• Content Standard 1 Students engage in the
  mathematical processes of problem solving and
  reasoning, estimation, communication, connections
  and applications, and using appropriate
  technology.

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Montana Math Content Standards

• Content Standard 3 Students use algebraic
  concepts, processes, and language to model and
  solve a variety of real-world and mathematical
  problems.

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Montana Math Content Standards

• Content Standard 5 Students demonstrate
  understanding of measurable attributes and an
  ability to use measurement processes.

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Montana Math Content Standards

• Content Standard 6 Students demonstrate
  understanding of and an ability to use patterns,
  relations and functions.

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Molestrolls by Reals N 45 48.917 W 108 27.709
The coordinates of cache 1 are above.The
coordinates of cache 2 are N 45 _ _._ _ _
W 108 _ _._ _ _ The number of minutes in the
longitude is smaller than the number of minutes
in the latitude. The difference between the
latitude and longitude (minutes) is 19.796 and
the sum of these two numbers is 76._ _ _ (these
three digits are on the inside of the canister
for cache 1). Enjoy.
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www.geocaching.com
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Garmin eTrex
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Garmin eTrex
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Garmin eTrex
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Garmin eTrex
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Garmin eTrex
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Garmin eTrex
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Garmin eTrex
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Garmin eTrex
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For More Information
Geocaching.com http//www.geocaching.com Benc
hmark Hunting http//www.geocaching.com/mark
Confluence Project http//www.confluence.org
Tony Riehl reals_at_bresnan.net