Community%20Based%20Participatory%20Research

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Community Based Participatory Research

• Gail Coover, PhD
• gcoover_at_wisc.edu
• 608-265-8680
• UWSMPH

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Sent Monday

• Also, if you have specific questions/interests
  regarding CBPR, please e-mail them to Gail Coover
  ltgcoover_at_wisc.edugt before the workshop.

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• The Examining Community-Institutional
  Partnerships for Prevention Research Group,
  (2006).
• Developing and Sustaining Community-Based
  Participatory Research Partnerships A Skill
  Building Curriculum.
• www.cbprcurriculum.info

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Community-Based Participatory Research

• What is CBPR?
• Why is it useful?
• What is knowledge, attitudes, skills are needed?
• Where are resources for support?

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CBPR

• A paradigm, strategy, or approach

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CBPR

• Requires a collaborative relationship with the
  community
• Co-learning, Co-teaching, Co-service, Co-operation

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In participatory action research

• Community members partner with researchers to
• Define research questions
• Design and implement research
• Interpret, disseminate, and apply results

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Ideally,

• CBPR results in a lasting and sustainable
  change---social inequity is reduced.
• Change occurs at collective/community level

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Why use CBPR?

• Health Disparities
• Persistent
• Complex
• Linkages to social-ecological factors

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Diabetes Be-aWare
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Where does an intervention fit?
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Why CBPR?

• Communities make it a condition of their
  participation

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• Dilemma Youve partnered with an organization
  and have received funding to develop an
  intervention (exercise program) that will support
  healthy weight loss. Your proposal describes an
  RCT of the intervention. The organization refuses
  to continue unless all members have equal access
  to the program.

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Knowledge, Attitudes, and Skills

• Institutional Resources
• Wisconsin Partnership Program (partnership)
  http//www.wphf.med.wisc.edu
• Morgridge Center for Public Service (learning)
  http//www.morgridge.wisc.edu
• ICTR-CAP (research) http//www.uwictr.wisc.edu/no
  de/102division
• Center for the Study of Cultural Diversity in
  Healthcare (support) http//cdh.med.wisc.edu/
• Courses (training)
• 436-875 Special topics seminar in CBPR this fall
• Certificate in Type II Translational Research
  Fall 2009

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Knowledge, Attitudes, Skills

• Web Resources
• Community-Campus Partnerships for Health (CCPH)
  http//www.ccph.info
• MapCruzin (Environmental Health)
  http//www.mapcruzin.com/
• U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
  Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality
  http//www.ahrq.gov

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Knowledge, Attitudes, Skills

• Community perspectives1
• Dissatisfaction with the focus of research
• Power imbalances
• Lack of trust
• Communication difficulties
• 1 Sullivan et al., (2001). Researcher and
  Researched-Community Perspectives Toward
  Bridging the Gap. Health Education Behavior,
  28, 130-149.

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Knowledge, Attitudes, Skills

• Successful Collaborations
• Early involvement of communities
• Power sharing
• Mutual respect
• Community benefit
• Cultural sensitivity

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Relationship Dynamics
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Relationship Dynamics

• Difference necessarily means bias will be
  present2,3
• Cognitive
• Emotional
• 2 Pettigrew Tropp, (2006). A Meta-Analytic
  Test of Intergroup Contact Theory. JPSP, 90,
  751-783.
• 3 Staggs, S. (2008). Intergroup Relations in
  Participatory Research. University of Illinois,
  Chicago.

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Necessary Conditions to Reduce/Eliminate Bias

• Shared Goal

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Social Ecological Perspective
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Some questions to ask

• How do I know my community partners and I share
  the same goal?
• How do I know we mean the same thing when we talk
  about our goals?
• What are the different ways that my community
  partners can express their goals to me?

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Strategies to Reduce Bias

• Endorsement of the collaboration

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Some questions to ask

• Is my research partnership with the community
  supported and endorsed by my funder? My
  department? My program?
• Is my community partners relationship with me
  endorsed by its board of directors? By other
  boards or agencies that the organization is
  networked with? By key public activists in the
  community?

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Strategies to Reduce Bias

• Cooperative work on a shared task.

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Questions to ask

• Whose work is affected, assumed, or changed by
  this project?
• What tasks can be shared and accomplished
  cooperatively (side by side)?

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Strategies to Reduce Bias

• Create equity between all parties

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Questions to ask

• What resources do I bring to the table?
• What resources do my partners bring to the table?
• What is are the hierarchical relationships
  between my community partners?
• What are the hierarchies between me and my
  partners?
• How are these hierarchies addressed, reinforced,
  or accommodated?
• Who talks to whom about what parts of the
  project? Who defines roles? Who reports to whom?

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Thank you!