Vocabulary Week 17!!

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Vocabulary Week 17!!

• reactants
• products
• synthesis
• decomposition
• combustion

• shibboleth
• propitiate
• chortle
• unremitting
• inure

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Remember

• Nuclear reactions involve changes with atoms
  nucleus

• Chemical reactions involve changes with atoms
  electrons

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• Reactants
• Starting substances in a reaction
• Arrow points away from reactants

• Products
• Substances formed during a reaction
• Arrow points to products

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Chemical Reactions

• Types
• Synthesis
• Decomposition
• Single displacement
• Double displacement
• Combustion

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Synthesis

• Two or more substances react to produce one
  product
• A B ? AB
• 2Na Cl2 ? 2NaCl

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Decomposition

• Single reactant breaks down into two or more
  products
• AB ? A B
• 2 NaN3 ? 2 Na 3 N2

Sodium azide decomposes into nitrogen gas and is
used in air bags.
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Single Displacement

• Atoms of one element replace the atoms of another
  element in a compound
• A BX ? AX B
• Mg 2HCl ? MgCl2 H2

Tums is used to neutralize stomach acid
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Double Displacement

• Exchange of positive ions between substances
• AX BY ? BX AY
• CaCO3 H2SO3 ? H2CO3 CaSO4

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Double Replacement

• Marble can become eroded by acid rain. Calcium
  sulfate, a product, leaves a white coating on the
  statue.

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Combustion

• Oxygen combines with a substance and releases
  energy (and usually products include carbon
  dioxide and water)
• A O2 ? CO2 H2O bi-products
• C8H18 O2 ? CO2 H2O energy

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Changes in Matter

• Evidence of chemical reaction
• Gas is produced
• Color Change
• Change in smell
• Formation of solidprecipitate
• Light is produced
• Temperature change
• -exothermic
• -endothermic

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• Some reactions occur in water
• When a solid substance is dissolved in water it
  is an aqueous solution (aq)

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Reactivity Series
Most Active Lithium Rubidium Potassium Calcium Sod
ium Magnesium Aluminum Manganese Zinc Iron Nickel
Tin Lead Copper Silver Platinum Gold

• Helps determine if a reaction will occur
• If the single element is higher on the list ? yes
  a reaction will occur
• If the single element is lower on the list ? NO
  REACTION

A BX ? AX B Al PbNO3 ?
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• Al (s) PbNO3 (aq) ?
• Cu (s) MgSO4 ?
• Al (s) SnPO4(aq) ?
• Zn (s) K3PO4(aq) ?
• Fe (aq) KCl (aq) ?

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• 6. Mg (s) NaNO3 (aq) ?
• 7. Zn (s) CuCl2 (aq) ?
• 8. Na (s) Au(OH)2 (l) ?
• 9. Zn (s) Cu(NO3)2 (aq) ?
• 10. Fe (s) Ni(ClO3)2 (aq) ?

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• 11. Au (s) CaSO4 (aq) ?
• 12. Mg (s) LiBr (aq) ?
• 13. Ni (s) CaSO4 (aq) ?
• 14. Al (s) KClO2 (aq) ?
• 15. Mn (s) Na3PO4 (l) ?

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• 16. Al (s) Sn(NO3)2 (aq) ?
• 17. Ag (s) PbCl4 (aq) ?
• 18. Zn (aq) FeI3 (aq) ?
• 19. K (s) Cu(ClO3)2(aq) ?
• 20. Pb (s) Au3(PO4)2 (aq) ?

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Law of Conservation of Mass

• Mass/matter can not be created nor destroyed
• Atoms you start with (reactants) must still be
  there when you end (products)
• This is called balancing the equation
• Mass Reactants Mass Products

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Mg 2HCl ? MgCl2 H2

• Big numbers Coefficients
• can change
• Small numbers Subscripts
• DO NOT CHANGE, if you change you no longer have
  the same substance

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Steps to balancing equations

• Write formulas for all compounds (sometimes it is
  given)
• Separate Reactants and products by a line
• Count how many atoms of each element are present
  on the reactant and the product side (element
  inventory)
• Change coefficients so that element inventory is
  balanced
• Simplify coefficients
• Check work

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• Al O2 ? Al2O3
• C3H8 O2 ? CO2 H2O

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• KNO3 ? KNO2 O2
  
  
• O2 CS2 ? CO2 SO2

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• Cu H2O ? CuO H2
• 
  
• Cu Cl2 ? CuCl2

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• Al(NO3)3 NaOH ? Al(OH)3 NaNO3
• Fe H2SO4 ? Fe2(SO4)3 H2

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• KOH HBr ? KBr H2O
• Al S8 ? Al2S3

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• Al(OH)3 H2CO3? Al2(CO3)3 H2O
  
• Al(OH)3 HBr ? AlBr3
  H2O

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Vocab Week 18!Last one this semester!

• single displacement
• double displacement
• reactivity series
• precipitate
• aqueous

• obsequious
• moribund
• winnow
• flaccid
• rife

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• Na NaNO3 ? Na2O N2
• Li AlCl3 ? LiCl Al

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• NH3 HCl ? NH4Cl
• FeS2 O2 ? Fe2O3
  SO2

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• sodium hydroxide ? sodium oxide water
• sodium reacts with water to produce sodium
  hydroxide and hydrogen gas

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• carbon tetrahydride reacts with oxygen to produce
  carbon dioxide and water
• chlorine sodium iodide ? sodium
  chloride iodine

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• hydrogen chlorite ? chlorine (III) oxide
  water
• ammonium phosphate barium hydroxide ? ammonium
  hydroxide barium phosphate

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• Ba (s) O2(g) ? BaO2 (s)
• HNO3 (aq) LiOH(aq) ? LiNO3(aq) H2O(l)
• 2Sb(s) 3 I2 (g) ? 2SbI3 (g)
• C3H8 O2(g) ? CO2 (g) H2O(g)

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• 5. H3PO4(aq) LiOH (aq) ? Li3PO4(aq) H2O(l)
• 6. Fe(s) CuSO4 (aq) ? FeSO4(aq) Cu(s)
• 7. CS2 (g) O2(g) ? CO2 (g) S2(s)