PUB403 PUB409

1
PUB403 (PUB409)

• Part 2

2
Case of encephalitis
3
Part 2

• Parasites
• Malaria
• Cryptosporidiosis

4
malaria
Blood film with parasites

• Text
• Bens story
• Handouts
• Fever, incubation, distribution
• Life cycle, pathology of quartan (falciparum)

http//www.rph.wa.gov.au/labs/haem/malaria/test1.h
tml http//www.rph.wa.gov.au/labs/haem/malaria/ind
ex.html
5
Malaria occurrence
Map showing chloroquine resistance in the world
http//www.vnh.org/Malaria/ch1.html
6
Other resources

• http//www.cdc.gov/travel/diseases.htmmalaria

7
Cryptosporidiosis

• Unicellular parasite
• Text
• Handout guide for persons with HIV/AIDS

http//www.dpd.cdc.gov/dpdx/HTML/Cryptosporidiosis
.htm
8
cryptosporidiosis
http//groundwater.ucdavis.edu/UCCEgw-208.htm
(right) immunofluorescence detection http//www.m
d.huji.ac.il/mirrors/webpath/AIDS.html (below)
cryptosporidia on intestine lining
9
Intestinal cryptooocysts on the intestinal lining
http//www.sp.uconn.edu/an226vc/newsltpg.htmcryp
to
10
Crypto IFA

• Oocysts of Cryptosporidium parvum labeled in an
  indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) with
  monoclonal antibody 8F4 to the inner oocyst wall.
  The IFA is still the most commonly used technique
  to assay for oocysts in environmental samples.

http//www.pdreng.com/LT1ESWTR.htm
11
Crypto life cycle
http//www.aamefe.org.ar/crypto_felina.htm
12
Cryptosporidiosis sites

• http//www.tulane.edu/dmsander/WWW/224/Parasitol.
  html
• On parasites cycles generally
• http//www.medceu.com/course-no-test.cfm?CID292
• Diagnosis http//www.dpd.cdc.gov/dpdx/HTML/PDF_Fi
  les/Crypto_bench.pdf

13
General sites

• http//www.vnh.org/Providers.html

14
Part 2b

• diseases of the CV system
• brucellosis
• plague
• lyme disease
• ricketssiae (typhus)

15
Diseases of CV system

• Brief intro

16
Brucellosis
http//www.nwf.org/buffalo/
http//www.nps.gov/planning/yell/eis/2.htm Entran
ce to yellowstone park with buffalo
http//www.nwf.org/buffalo/jacksonbuffalo.html
17
Brucellosis

• Brucellosis (B. abortus) has the following direct
  impacts on the livestock industry
• Abortion of calves
• Decreased weight gain by calves
• Delays in calf production
• Increased rates of culling and replacement
• Increased testing and vaccinating costs
• http//www.nps.gov/planning/yell/eis/2.htm

18
brucellosis
http//gsbs.utmb.edu/microbook/ch028.htm Dissemin
ation of bacteria in body
19
http//gsbs.utmb.edu/microbook/ch028.htm
Various brucella and their life cycle in animals
and humans
20
Next agents

• Fleas
• Ticks
• Lice

21
Plague

• Text
• video

http//www.nlm.nih.gov/exhibition/perez/public.htm
l cartoon
22
plague

• http//www.tdh.state.tx.us/bioterrorism/contacts.h
  tm (right) microorganism in blood
• http//hsc.unm.edu/pathology/medlab/plague.htm
  (left) mircroorganism in tissue

23
plague
http//www.whoindia.org/Plague/Plague20Main.htm
Distribution of plague in the world Picture of
flea
24
More sites

• http//www.kcom.edu/faculty/chamberlain/Website/le
  ctures/lecture/plague.htm

25
Lyme
http//www.niaid.nih.gov/publications/lyme/default
.htm Front page of magazine
26
Lyme disease

• http//www.skinsite.com/info_lyme_disease.htm
  (picture skin lesion)
• http//www.niaid.nih.gov/publications/lyme/known.h
  tm

27
Lyme disease

• http//www.niaid.nih.gov/publications/lyme/known.h
  tm
• Lyme disease was first recognized in 1975 after
  researchers investigated why unusually large
  numbers of children were being diagnosed with
  juvenile rheumatoid arthritis in Lyme,
  Connecticut, and two neighboring towns. The
  investigators discovered that most of the
  affected children lived near wooded areas that
  harbored ticks. They also found that the
  children's first symptoms typically started in
  the summer months coinciding with the height of
  the tick season. Several of the patients
  interviewed reported having a skin rash just
  before developing their arthritis, and many also
  recalled being bitten by a tick at the rash site.

28
Lyme..

• Further investigations resulted in the discovery
  that tiny deer ticks infected with a
  spiral-shaped bacterium or spirochete
• Same web site as previous

29
More sites

• http//wellness.ucdavis.edu/safety_info/poison_pre
  vention/poison_book/lyme_disease.html
• http//medent.usyd.edu.au/fact/lyme20disease.htm
  in Australia
• There has been no isolation from local patients
• Some imported cases
• Ixodes persulcatus complex no tick species of
  this complex in Australia
• http//www.geocities.com/HotSprings/Oasis/6455/int
  ernational-links.html where in the world

30
Rickettsiae

• table

31
rickettsiae

• http//gsbs.utmb.edu/microbook/ch038.htm
  symptoms, and agents of the various rickettsiae

32
Typhus

• Louse-borne
• Humans only, severe
• Flea-borne rats, endemic, milder

http//members.aol.com/akaunzner/karten/typhus.htm
map
33
signs

• http//www.cdc.gov/ncidod/eid/vol5no5/niang2G.htm
  
• day 4 rose spots
• day 7, petechial rash

34
sites

• http//members.ozemail.com.au/norbertf/ticktd.htm
  
• TICK-TRANSMITTED DISEASES in HUMANS (world-wide)
• http//members.ozemail.com.au/norbertf/ticktd.htm
  FISV
• Flinders Island Spotted Fever

Picture of punched out ulcer
35
Qld tick typhus
36
Scrub typhus
poster
http//scarab.msu.montana.edu/historybug/gallery/s
crub_typhus_poster.htm
37
Scrub typhus
Picture of punched out ulcer
38

• http//scarab.msu.montana.edu/historybug/gallery/s
  crub_typhus_infectionsite.htm

BW Picture of punched out ulcer
39
Scrub typhus

• http//scarab.msu.montana.edu/historybug/gallery/s
  crub_typhus_map_au.htm
• Australia distribution

40

• http//scarab.msu.montana.edu/historybug/gallery/s
  crub_typhus_map_asia.htm

41
tsutsugamuchi

• http//www.cdc.gov/ncidod/eid/vol4no4/odorico.htm
• CDC, national center for inf diseases,
  publications available on line, emerging
  infectious diseases, past issues, vol 4, n4, by
  odorico et al
• Map showing australian distribution of various
  rickettsial diseases

42
Part 2c

• Q Fever
• Rabies
• Lyssavirus
• Leptospirosis

43
Q Fever

• http//www.millennium-ark.net/News_Files/NBC/Bio.B
  ugs.Q.html

Entry, disease, spread, exit
44
Rabies

• http//gsbs.utmb.edu/microbook/ch061.htm
• Rabies timecourse

45
Rabies

• http//gsbs.utmb.edu/microbook/ch061.htm
• Rabies life cycle (dog and human)

46
Rabies

• Pomeranian network rabies map with types of
  animals

47
Human Rabies Trends USA1980-1989 versus
1990-1998
DVRD / VRZB
20
7
5
2
2
1
1980 -1989
1990 -1998
Source CDC
48
Lyssavirus

• http//www.mja.com.au/public/issues/172_12_190600/
  scott/scott.html (right) front page of
  townsville bulletin
• http//www.abc.net.au/science/news/stories/s141261
  .htm (top left) bat

49
lyssavirus

• http//www.mja.com.au/public/issues/172_12_190600/
  hanna/hanna.html timelife of emergence of ABL
  and cases

50
Lyssa micro
Immunofluorescent antibody stain of brain
(Negri-like bodies)
51
Leptospirosis

• http//gsbs.utmb.edu/microbook/ch035.htm
• Entry, spread, disease, exit

52
Leptospirosis

• http//www.health.qld.gov.au/qhpss/qhss/lepto_repo
  rt2000.htm
• Figure 6. Notification of Leptospirosis,
  Queensland 2000, by age group and sex

53
Leptospirosis
Map showing cases in various states
6-44
x
0-1
x
x
54
Leptospirosis
CDI Australia report 26(2)
http//www.health.qld.gov.au/qhpss/qhss/lepto_home
.htm Cases per year, per 100,000 Pie chart of
states cases in
55
Leptospirosis

• text

http//www.qub.ac.uk/afs/vs/vsd9.html The agent
http//www.istm.org/news_share/200103/lepto.html
canoes on lake
56
Leptospirosis

• http//medicine.bu.edu/dshapiro/zoomarsu.htm
  (left) - kangaroo

http//www.health.qld.gov.au/ qhpss/qhss/lepto_rep
ort2000.htm Types of cases other, animal based,
agricultural
57
Leptospirosis

• General information from CDC
• http//www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dbmd/diseaseinfo/leptosp
  irosis_g.htm
• Communicable diseases Australia
• http//www.health.gov.au/pubhlth/cdi/cdi2504/cdi25
  04c17.htm

58
More sites

• http//www.maps.jcu.edu.au/hist/fever/weils/febril
  e.html
• history

59
Insects in history

• http//scarab.msu.montana.edu/historybug/