Storms and Hurricanes

1
StormsandHurricanes

• Solar Heating Exchange
• Weather Patterns
• Storm Disturbances

2
HURRICANES

• Hurricanes are formed from simple complexes of
  thunderstorms.
• The ocean water must be warmer than 26.5 deg
  Celsius (81F).
• The heat and moisture from this warm water is
  ultimately the source of energy for hurricane
  development.
• Hurricanes will weaken rapidly when they travel
  over land or colder ocean waters -- locations
  with insufficient heat and/or moisture.
• The name "hurricane" is given to systems that
  develop over the Atlantic or the eastern Pacific
  Oceans.

3
Storm Developmental Stages

• 1. Severe Thunderstorm
• Lightning, high winds, and hail
• 2. Tropical Disturbance
• Tropical waves unorganized storms
• 3. Tropical Depression
• Winds below 40 mph
• 4. Tropical Storm
• Winds 39-73 mph .Gets a name.
• 5. Hurricane
• Sustained winds over 74 mph

4
HURRICANE DEVELOPMENT

• At the equator, ocean surface temperatures are
  warm enough to produce hurricanes, but none form.
  
• Coriolis force, north and south of the equator,
  is needed to create spin and induce a potential
  hurricane. Also need latent heat of condensation.

5
TYPICAL HURRICANE SEASON
14 Named Storms 8 Hurricanes 3 Severe
Hurricanes (Category 3, 4 Or 5) Approximately 340
Warnings
6

• Hurricanes are cyclones that develop between
  latitudes 5 to 30 degrees
• N or S over the warm tropical oceans (81degrees
  F) and have sustained winds in excess of 64 knots
  (74 miles/hour).
• They can create torrential rain, flooding, and
  loss of property and life.

7
Saffir Simpson Scale

• Stage Wind mph Tide Damage
• Category 1 74-95 4-5 Minimal
• Category 2 96-110 6-8 Moderate
• Category 3 111-130 9-12 Extensive
• Category 4 131-155 13-18 Extreme
• Category 5 156 18 Disaster

8
Hurricane Storm Surge

• Hurricane
• Camille 1969

9
STORM SURGE
Storm surge is a great dome of water created by
the energy of the churning hurricane . It may
extend up to 50 miles in width. Storm surge
causes 9 out of 10 storm related deaths
10
Storm Surge
Storm Surge can be up to 33 feet tall. If it
occurs at high tide the total effect can be a
tide of over 50 feet.
11
STORM SURGE
12
Hurricane Mitch 1998
13
1998
Bonnie
Georges
Danielle
Earl
Mitch
10 DIVERTS
14
HURRICANE NAMES
15
(No Transcript)
16

• In this satellite image from 1995, we can see
  different tropical disturbances in each stage of
  development.

17

• The most recognizable feature found within a
  hurricane is the Hurricane Eye.
• The eye is the focus of the hurricane, the point
  about which the rest of the storm rotates and
  where the lowest surface pressures are found.

18
(No Transcript)
19
(No Transcript)
20
Standard Warning

• Current Position
• 12, 24, 36, 48 72 hr fcst position
• 35 kt wind radius
• 50 kt wind radius
• 100 kt wind radius
• Error radius

21
Hurricane Isadore 2002
22
Structural Damage due to wind...
23
The old board through the tree story proven
true!!
24
HURRICANE SAFETY

• - Listen to TV and radio for information
• - Fuel and service vehicles
• - Inspect and secure mobile home tie downs
• - Complete preparation activities such as putting
  up storm shutters and storing loose objects
• - Check batteries and buy canned food, first aid
  supplies, bottled water, and keep extra cash on
  hand
• - Leave Immediately If Told To Do So!
• - If evacuating, leave early, in daylight if
  possible

25
The End