Writing and Citing

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Writing and Citing
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Summarizing a Paper

• Identify your topic what are you writing about?

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Dont Just Copy

• The movement called the Final Solution was
  intended as the basis for the total and complete
  annihilation of the Jewish culture and religion.
  This evil plan was in fact the cause for the
  senseless murder of millions of innocent men,
  women and children. It was this most wicked of
  plans that became the reason for the initial
  parting between myself and my parents as we were
  delivered to Auschwitz.
• As we were herded off of the train and through
  separate entrances into this terrible pit of
  despair, the dread and terror that had seeped
  into my heart grew stronger. I somehow knew with
  a sickening feeling of certainty, that I would
  never see my mother or father again.

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Gather Key Points and Where you Got Them From

• Born in 1901, Died 1984
• Grew up in mixed Jewish/Catholic community
• Spent one year in Krakow Ghetto
• Spent five years in Auschwitz
• Feelings of dread, and terror as he entered the
  camp

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Note sentences that would make good citations

• If you see A well written sentence that would
  enhance your paper
• Write it down and note
• where you got it from!

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You are ready to go!

• Now you can get started with just a pen, some
  paper, and your article

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When you Do Need to Cite

• Quotations must be identical to the original,
  using a narrow segment of the source. They must
  match the source document word for word and must
  be attributed to the original author.
• You must use a parenthetical citation after the
  quoted passage and ALSO list the resource in your
  bibliography

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When you Do Need to Cite

• Paraphrasing involves putting a passage from
  source material into your own words. A paraphrase
  must also be attributed to the original source.
  Paraphrased material is usually shorter than the
  original passage, taking a somewhat broader
  segment of the source and condensing it slightly.
• You must use a parenthetical citation after the
  paraphrased passage and ALSO list the resource in
  your bibliography

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When you Do Need to Cite

• Summarizing involves putting the main idea(s)
  into your own words, including only the main
  point(s). Once again, it is necessary to
  attribute summarized ideas to the original
  source. Summaries are significantly shorter than
  the original and take a broad overview of the
  source material.
• You do not need to use a parenthetical citation
  after summaries BUT you must list the resource in
  your bibliography

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When you dont need to cite

• When Citation is not Needed
• Common sense and ethics should determine your
  need for documenting sources. You do not need to
  give sources for familiar proverbs, well-known
  quotations or common knowledge.

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What are the differences between a summary and a
paraphrase

• What Is Summarizing?
• You summarize when you condense an authors main
  points in your own words.
• A summary does not include every detail of the
  text instead, it highlights the main points and
  ideas. It presents the reader with an overall
  view of the text.
• Summaries tend to be very brief and capture only
  the main points or ideas of a text.

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Tips for Summarizing

• Try to remain as objective as possible unless
  you are asked to do so, you should not give your
  opinion on the authors viewpoint.
• If you use any direct words or phrases from the
  original text, you must put them in quotation
  marks and cite them correctly.
• You need to include any resources that you
  summarize on your Works Cited page.
• Using active reading strategies, such as
  highlighting, underlining, and annotating, is a
  good way to start your summary.
• Its a good idea to be able to write a summary
  for any essay you read this is an effective way
  to test your own reading comprehension.

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What Is Paraphrasing?

• Paraphrasing is a way to restate an authors
  words or ideas in your own words.
•  A paraphrase differs from a summary in that it
  usually focuses on a very specific section or
  sentence. A summary, meanwhile, focuses on the
  article or essay in its entirety.
• A paraphrase is not necessarily shorter than the
  original wording. On the other hand, a summary
  should be more concise than the original source
  material.
• It is a wonderful way of understanding complex
  material and, often, making it clearer to your
  reader.

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Tips for Paraphrasing

• Place the information in a new order.
• Break the complex ideas into small units.
• Use concrete, direct vocabulary in place of
  technical jargon.
• Use synonyms for words in the source.
• Accompany each important fact or idea in your
  notes with the source author and page number.
• Try to incorporate the paraphrase smoothly into
  the grammar and style of your own writing
• Paraphrases still need to be introduced well and
  cited correctly.
• If you paraphrase any words or phrases from the
  original text, you must put them in quotation
  marks and cite them correctly.
• You still need to include the source on your
  Works Cited page if you paraphrased.

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What Are These Three Things? And why bother using
them anyways?

• Quotations, paraphrases, and summaries serve many
  purposes. You might use them to . . .
• Provide support for claims or add credibility to
  your writing
• Refer to work that leads up to the work you are
  now doing
• Give examples of several points of view on a
  subject
• Call attention to a position that you wish to
  agree or disagree with
• Highlight a particularly striking phrase,
  sentence, or passage by quoting the original
• Distance yourself from the original by quoting it
  in order to cue readers that the words are not
  your own
• Expand the breadth or depth of your writing

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Some help with Writing and Citation

• http//www.noodletools.com/index.php
• http//owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/557/01/
  
• http//www.Fish4info.org