C' Acids, Bases, Salts

1
C. Acids, Bases, Salts

• Acids ionize to form H
• sour taste
• proton donors
• increase concentration of H

2
C. Acids, Bases, Salts

• Acids ionize to form H
• a. monoprotic
• HCl, HNO3
• b. polyprotic
• H2SO4, H2CO3, H3PO4
• H2SO4(aq) ? H(aq) HSO4-(aq)
• HSO4-(aq) H(aq) SO4-2(aq)

strong
weak
3

• 2. Bases ionize to form OH-
• bitter taste
• react with proton donors
• increase concentration of OH-
• ionic hydroxides
• KOH, NaOH, Ca(OH)2
• ex.
• Ca(OH)2(aq) ? Ca2(aq) 2 OH-(aq)

strong
4

• 2. Bases ionize to form OH-
• b. others (ammonia)
• NH3
• ex.
• NH3(aq) H2O(l) NH4(aq) OH-(aq)

weak
5
Strength of Acids/Bases

• 3. Strong vs Weak Acid/Base
• completely partially
• ionize ionize

?
6
a. Common Strong Acids
7
Common Strong Bases

• All Group I II A Metal Hydroxides

8
D. Solution Reactions

• 1. Neutralizations
• acid base water salt
• HCl(aq) NaOH(aq) ? H2O(l) NaCl(aq)
• 2 HBr(aq) Ba(OH)2(aq) ? H2O(l) BaBr2(aq)

9
D. Solution Reactions

• 1. Neutralizations
• acid base water salt
• HCl(aq) NaOH(aq) ? H2O(l) NaCl(aq)
• 2 HBr(aq) Ba(OH)2(aq) ? 2H2O() BaBr2(aq)

H(aq) OH- (aq)? H2O(l)