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Elements of Climate

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The higher the elevation, the colder the temperature. ... Tropic of Capricorn. Antarctic Circle. Arctic Circle. Graphic created by EJoyce. Equator ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Elements of Climate


1
Elements of Climate
  • Created by Eleanor Joyce
  • City of Salem Schools
  • Salem, VA

2
Factor Number 1
  • Elevation

3
The higher the elevation, the colder the
temperature. Thats why there are snow-capped
mountains on the Equator. For every 1000 feet
increase in altitude, the temperature is 3 ½
degrees colder.
4
Factor Number 2
  • Latitude Belts

5
Arctic Circle
Tropic of Cancer
Equator
Tropic of Capricorn
Antarctic Circle
Graphic created by EJoyce
6
90
COLD
HIGH
66 1/2
Four Seasons
MIDDLE
23 1/2
LOW
Hot- Wet and Dry
0
23 1/2
Four Seasons
MIDDLE
66 1/2
HIGH
COLD
90
Graphic created by EJoyce
7
Graphic created by EJoyce
8
Factor Number 3
  • Influence of Winds

9
  • High mountains located near large bodies of
    water block the moisture that blows in from the
    ocean and create a rain shadow on the leeward
    side of the mountain.

10
Vocabulary
  • The windward side of the mountain is the side
    of the mountain that faces the ocean. When the
    winds blow the moisture in from the ocean, the
    windward side of the mountains gets the rain. As
    the air rises to go over the mountain, it cools
    and loses moisture before it gets over the
    mountain. The leeward side of the mountain is the
    side of the mountain that does not face the
    ocean. It is the arid side of the mountain. This
    side of the mountain lies in the rain shadow or
    an area that receives little rain.

11
Windward side of the Mountain
Leeward side of the Mountain
Rain Shadow
Graphic created by EJoyce
12
Winds blow in from west to east and are blocked
by the coastal mountains. The moisture never
makes it across the mountains
Mountains
Rain shadow Rain is blocked by the mountains
http//gis.binghamton.edu/GIS20Sites.htm
13
  • Winds impact climate around the world. The
    Monsoons are winds that blow over Asia in the
    summer and winter. The winter monsoons are dry
    while the summer monsoons are wet. The people in
    Asia depend on the arrival of these winds to
    survive.

14
Wind Patterns
http//www.mrdowling.com/612monsoons.gif
15
Factor Number 4
  • Proximity to Water

16
  • Places located near large bodies of water have
    a relatively mild climate. Water does not heat
    up or cool down as quickly as the air
    temperature. The warmer breezes blowing off the
    water, create a mild climate.

17
Countries located close to large bodies of warm
water have a milder climate. Notice the warm
ocean current off the coast of northwest Europe.
North Atlantic Drift
18
Compare the climate of London England with a city
in Canada at the same latitude belt. Which region
has the mildest climate? Why?
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