Christianity

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Christianity

• Mary Buford
• Nick Minerd
• Bethany Mitchell
• George Stelea
• Krista Werner

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Background

• Life before Jesus was preparation for His coming,
  events after Him are a realization of what His
  life was for
• Jewish peoples main downfall was refusing to
  believe in Christ as the Messiah.

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Background (cont)

• Jesus of Nazareth
• All of our knowledge is
• found in the New Testament.
• Baptized by John
• Thou art my beloved Son,
• with thee I am well pleased.
• (Mark 111)

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• Teachings of Jesus
• Live by Gods will
• Gods perfection
• Told parables (stories) that helped ordinary
  people understand the great meanings of life
• Jesus Authority
• 12 major disciples
• They were to do the work that He couldnt

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John, the fourth gospel

• 4 gospels
• Matthew, Mark, Luke, John
• John 146
• I am the way, the truth, and the life
• Lazarus
• Raised from the dead

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• I am the resurrection and the life he who
  believes in me, though he die, yet shall he live,
  and whoever lives and believes in me shall never
  die
• John 1125,26

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The Last Supper

• Bread - Take, eat, this is my body
• Wine Drink of it, all of you for this is my
  blood of the covenant which is poured out for
  many for the forgiveness of sins

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Palm Sunday

• Rode into city on small donkey
• Palm leaves, cloaks placed on ground

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The Crucifixion

• Jesus claimed to be King of the Jews
• Jesus captured and given to Pilate
• Barnabus (thief, let go, so Jesus could die)
• Luke 2319
• Cross at Galgotha
• Dies at 300pm
• Roman guard spears
• Him in the side
• - John 1934

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Easter

• Arguably the most important day in Christian
  history
• Resurrection a belief that a person who has
  been dead will be restored as a whole, living
  person
• When Jesus was raised from the dead, some saw Him
  in a physical body, while others saw Him as a
  recognizable spirit.

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Easter, cont

• Jesus stayed on earth for 40 days, then ascended
  into heaven.

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Jesus of Nazareth

• Human and divine
• Cast out demons, calm
  
  the waves of a storm
• walk on water, fed thousands with just a
  
• few loaves of bread
• and fish
• Son of God

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Pentecost

• Pentecost is a festival coming 50 days after
  Easter. Its the time when the Holy Spirit
  descended on the early Christian church. Also, a
  Christian name for Feast of Weeks in Judaism.
• Kerygma is the message or proclamation of the
  early Christians. Peter gave a proclamation on
  the day of Pentecost.

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Saul of Tarsus

• Eliminate the Christian influence within Judaism
• While going to Damascus, he was struck blind
• Saul, Saul, why do you persecute me?
• And he said, Who are you, Lord?
• And he said,I am Jesus,whom you are
  persecuting but rise and enter the city and you
  will be told what to do.
• - Acts 95,6

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Saul

• Members of the Way helped him escape
• Recovered his sight, changed name from Saul to
  Paul
• Changed name to show his commitment
• Challenged Christians to live by agape
  (self-giving love)
• Wrote Corinthians 131-13

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Roman Persecution

• Christians accepted persecution for a period of
  time as an inevitable testing
• Pg. 339
• God would end the persecutions
• Constantine
• Rules from 306 to 337CE
• Ends Roman persecution of Christians
• Makes Christianity a legal religion

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The New Testament

• Christian canon New Testament
• The Gospels
• Mark written first
• Matthew Mark cite Mark in their stories
• Matthew focused on the life of Jesus
• Luke showed Jesus with common people
• Many people still relied on the Old Testament,
  even though they had the New Testament

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Christian Worship

• Singing psalms or hymns
• Offering prayers
• Reading scriptures, interpreting them
• Living according to the teachings of the Bible
• Receiving offerings for the needy

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Clement and Origen

• Two outstanding Christian thinkers
• Clement
• A good Christian can begin in faith and proceed
  to intellectual knowledge of God.
• Origen
• Saw the world as constantly changing (Plato)
• Inspired later thinkers to examine how Christian
  beliefs are related to Greek philosophy

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Trinity

• The Christian belief that three persons in union,
  Father, Son, and Holy Spirit, are one in God.
• Three persons, only one essence

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Background /People

• St. Aurelius Augustine(354-430) Bishop of Hippo
• Wrote The confessions thought that humans arent
  evil but their choices can either move them
  closer to God or away from God
• John Chysostom (347-407) Greek Orthodox view
• Humans although they are born sinners, after
  baptism they can be good, trusted and achieve
  good-manhood
• After these they developed other thoughts and
  ideas for orders rules for men/ womenmonks and
  nuns

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Continued.

• St. Benedict (480-547) most famous order was
  developed by him and instituted _at_ Monte Cassio
• The order included periods of study and prayer
  alternating w/ periods of work to maintain the
  life of a monastery. His rule attracted many men
  to consider a monastic lifestyle
• Francis (Giovanni Bernadone of
  Assisi)(1182-1226) Franciscan order
• Using only what he needed owning nothing
  engaging in fraternal service
• St. Dominic (1170-1221) started the Dominican
  order. Black Friars who devoted their lives to
  preaching Christian doctrine and studying so that
  they could maintain the purity of the Catholic
  Church.
• St. Thomas Aquinas wanted to be a black friar
  started Scholasticism
• Greek Orthodox and Roman Catholic split in 1054

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More.

• Crusades3 faiths sought control over the Holy
  LandJews, Christians, and Muslims. Christians
  thought of it as freeing the Holy Land and
  returning it to its power.
• Christains and art
• Sistine Chapel- Michelangelo
• Painting, sculpting, weaving and music all ways
  to praise God
• Architecture such as Gothic Cathedrals.

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• Sixteenth Century Christian reformation
• Martin Luther
• 95 thesis for Academic Debate.
• Indulgences
• Translated Bible into everyday use (German)
• Excommunicated from the Church
• John Calvin-
• Studied law
• recognized as the leader of the French
  Protestants
• Under Calvin John Knox created Presbyterian
  Churches.

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Moving on.

• King Henry the VIII- (1491-1547)
• Broke away from the church of England with the
  authority of the pope.
• Wouldnt grant him a divorce from his wife.
• Reinforced another from of Protestantism
• George Fox- Quakers, Preaching in 1647
• Catholic Reformation
• Both men and women became role modles for
  higher spirituality.
• St. Ignatius- devoted his life to prayer and
  writing about Christ and Our Lady
• Francis Xavier- introduced Christianity to
  Japan in 1549

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And more

• Names to mention during Catholic Reformation
• Teresa of Avila (1515-1582) Aristocrat suffered
  from paralysis. Experienced voices visions,
  developed a stricter way for nuns to live
• John of the Cross (1542-1591) inspired by Teresa,
  also had visions and reformed Monasteries
• Missions In the North(missionaries)
• Anglicans- descended Chruch of England under
  King Henry VIII, settled in James Town.
• Puritans and Separatists-departed farther from
  Catholic practices and settled in Massachusetts
• Anne Hutchinson-
• Quakers- Settled in Penn.
• Presbyterians-settled coast of several colonies
  along the coast such as N.C
• Eastern Orthodox- in Alaska

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• African American Churches
• Church was a center of community
• Adapted to new surroundings
• Important people such as
• Jesse Jackson, Andrew Young and Martin Luther
  King Jr.(1929-1968).
• They helped improve peoples lives and inspired
  many to continue faith

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Last one

• Church of Christ, Scientist
• Marry Baker Eddy (1821- 1910, founder
• Appealing to new interests in science
• Sought to combine both insights of science with
  gospel
• New forms of Christianity
• Joesph Smith Church of Jesus Christ of
  Latter-Day Saints
• nineteenth century, led Mormons to Utah
• Sun Myung Moon Born in Korea, formed the
  Unification of the Church

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The Absolute

• Belief in one God
• No partners or rivals
• Revelation through the son of God, Jesus of
  Nazareth
• Coeternal with God, born though the Virgin Mary
• Bears all human afflictions except sin
• The Trinity-father, son, and holy spirit
• Idea rejected by Jews and Muslims
• Died for mans sin, represented Gods love for
  humans

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The World
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• Christians follow the Genesis and Psalms views of
  the world.
• God created a good universe and good humans.
• The world is an environment of suffering that
  will be conquered with spiritual discipline.

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• Some Christians believe nature and humans have
  estranged from God and need His assistance in
  reconciliation.
• Scientists challenged biblical stories.
• Some Christians believe Darwins theory and the
  Genesis theory, but others believe solely in
  Gods word.

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• Liberals Christians that look to believe in
  scriptures and science
• Fundamentalists Christians that believe all
  scriptures are the word and any other theory is
  thought to be wrong.

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Humans
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• Humans are created in the image of God.
• Humans are accountable for how they live their
  lives.
• Two traditions have influenced Christian views.

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• One tradition is since Adam and Eve humans are
  influenced by sin and can only overcome sin by
  having a relationship with God.
• Second tradition is humans are able to be both
  good and evil.

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• Grace the power of God that effects all human
  lives. It is present in all humans.

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Basic Tenets

• One True God
• The Bible is all true
• Jesus is Son of God
• Jesus died for our sins and is in Heaven
• The only way to Heaven is through salvation
• God created Heaven and earth

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Major Figures

• Jesus of Nazareth
• King Henry VIII (1491-1547)
• Declined divorce of Catherine of Aragon by pope
• Demanded that political and economic leaders be
  head of the church
• Roman Catholicism characteristics
• John Calvin (1509-1564)
• Law advocate
• Experienced God through scripture
• Institutes of Christian religion
• Protestant theology
• Martin Luther (1483-1546)
• Ninety-Five Theses
• Ecclesiastical practice of indulgences

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Major Figures (contd)

• George Fox
• English preacher in 1647
• Quaker
• Large advocates of the holy spirit average humans
• St. Thomas Aquinas (1225-1274)
• Son of the Count of Aquino
• Named Professor of Theology in Paris, 1959
• Most famous writing Summa Contra Gentiles and
  Summa Theologica

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Rituals

• Communion
• Baptism
• Confession
• Sunday Worship
• Praying
• Ringing of bells

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Major Holidays

• Lent
• Good Friday
• Palm Sunday
• Easter
• Advent
• Christmas

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Symbols

• Basic Latin Cross
• Most commonly used cross

• The Greek Cross
• Arms of equal length

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Symbols

• Eastern Orthodox

• Budded Cross
• Calls to mind the Trinity

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Art

• Jesus Christ the
• Life Giver

• Ecclesiastical Censer

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Colors

• Black
• Symbolic of death
• Blue
• Symbolic of Heaven
• Grey
• Represents Repentance
• Green
• Represents triumph over death

• Purple
• Color for penitence and mourning
• Red
• The color of blood
• White
• Symbol of purity, innocence and holiness
• Yellow
• Represents the color of divinity

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Architecture

• Steeple
• The Dewald Chapel

• Altar
• Orthodox Alter

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Architecture/Art

• Stained Glass Windows

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Architecture

• The National Cathedral

• The Vatican

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THANK YOU

• It is now CANDY TIME!