Minimising Carbon Footprint In The Oil

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Minimising Carbon Footprint In The Oil Gas
Industry Through Carbon Capture And Storage CCS
Saif Al Sayari Ph.D.
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Outline

• Influences of greenhouse gasses on the
  environment
• What is CCS
• How CCS enhances oil recovery?
• Why EOR using CO2
• Previous Studies on EOR CO2
• New Reserch work
• Roadmap
• Conclusion

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Influence of CO2
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What is CCS?
CCS is the capture of CO2 from large stationary
sources, its transportation to an appropriate
injection site where it is pumped into
underground geological formations
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How EOR works?

• Practical experience injecting CO2 into oil
  reservoirs
• Knowledge of geology so less chance of CO2
  escaping
• Far from emission sources
• As CO2 migrates it is trapped at the pore scale
• CO2 will mix with oil and improve oil recovery

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CO2 Properties Phase Diagram
CO2 should be sequestered underground in a
supercritical state that has the density of a
liquid but flows like a gas In a given space,
one can store about 230 times more CO2 in a
supercritical state than in a vapor state.
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Why EOR using CO2
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Previous studies EOR CO2
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Laboratory work

• Reservoir condition core flooding tests have been
  performed using a composite core plug. The core
  was cleaned and saturated with brine.
• The sample was then de-saturated and aged with
  crude oil. Studied a mixed-wet carbonate,
  typical of Gulf reservoirs.
• The aged sample was flooded with brine and
  vertical flooding sequence has been applied
• Tertiary Gas flood.
• Tertiary Water Alternating Gas.
• Tertiary CO2 injection.

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Efficacy of CO2 injection

• Oil produced from waterflooding was 42

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Tertiary Gas injection

• Oil produced from gas flooding was 82

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Tertiary WAG injection

• Oil produced from WAG flooding was 80

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Tertiary CO2 injection

• Oil produced from CO2 flooding was 97

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Efficacy of CO2 injection

• Comparison between different tertiary flooding
  methods

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Roadmap
Simulation study
Laboratory Evaluation
Pilot Design Implementation EOR Scheme
Project Evaluation
Pilot Performance Monitoring
Unsuccessful
Successful
Field Scale Application
New EOR Strategy
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Conclusions

• CO2 can contribute to an additional recovery in
  the region of 7 to15 of the oil initially in
  place and can also be stored.
• Benefits
• Extends life of mature fields increased
  production, long-life reserves
• Low chance of complete technical failure
• Environmentally friendly sequestration of
  greenhouse gas
• Challenges
• Requires the right reservoir rock, fluids,
  depth, size / OOIP and MMP
• CO2 availability, cost and distance to pipeline
• Significant, up-front capital investments with
  long payouts
• Higher operating expenses CO2 recycle
• Access to resources expertise, software,
  technology, goods / services
• Future oil prices Does anyone have a crystal
  ball?

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Minimising Carbon Footprint In The Oil Gas
Industry Through Carbon Capture And Storage CCS
Saif Al Sayari Ph.D.