Comparing Plant and Animal Cells

1
Comparing Plant and Animal Cells

• Chapter 1 Lesson 2

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Plants and Animals

• Similarities

3
Similarities

• Cell Membrane
• Encloses Cell

Animal
Plant
4
Similarities

• Cytoplasm
• Gel-like substance w/ chemicals needed by cell

Animal
Plant
5
Similarities

• Nucleus w/ DNA
• Controls characteristics of living things
• Nucleus also includes nucleolus

Plant
Animal
6
Similarities

• Ribosomes
• Protein Builders

Animal
Plant
7
Similarities

• Mitochondria
• Powerhouse-uses O2 to break food releasing
  energy

Plant
Animal
8
Similarities

• Vacuole
• Store food, water, waste

Animal
Plant
9
Similarities

• Endoplasmic
• Reticulum

• Systems of tubes to transport proteins
• Smooth no ribosomes-materials transport stay in
  cell
• Rough ribosome attached-materials transport
  leave cell

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Similarities

• Endoplasmic Reticulum

Animal
Plant
11
Similarities

• Golgi Bodies Package Distribute Proteins out
  of cell

Animal
Plant
12
Plants Only

• Differences Plants

13
Differences Plants

• Cell Walls
• Provide structure
• Outside Cell membrane

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Differences Plants

• Chloroplast
• Perform Photosynthesis

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DIFFERENCES PLANTS

• Sometimes even similar organelles have major
  differences.

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Differences Plants

• Vacuole
• One Large vacuole only
• Helps with cell structure

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Differences Plants

• Nucleus
• Always only one nucleus

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Animals Only

• Differences Animals

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Differences Animals

• Lysomes
• Break down things in cells
• Holds digestive proteins

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DIFFERENCES ANIMALS

• Sometimes even similar organelles have major
  differences.

21
Differences Animals

• Nuclei(pl. Nucleus)
• Some animal cells have more than one nucleus

22
Differences Animals

• Vacuoles
• Many small vacuoles

23
Cells Store and Use Energy
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Storage Use of Energy

• All energy ultimately comes from the sun

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Storage Use of Energy

• Chloroplast trap and store light energy
• Change it to chemical energy

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Storage Use of Energy

• Chemical energy stored in bonds between carbon
  (C), Hydrogen (H), and Oxygen (O)

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Storage Use of Energy

• Plants/animals breakdown these molecules
• Get energy by breaking bonds

energy
Gluc ose
28
Storage Use of Energy

• Mitochondria in both plant/animal cells use
  Oxygen to release energy
• Store energy in high-energy ATP molecule
• When need energy, break down ATP

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Store and Use Information

• Nucleus is the control center of the cell

30
Store and Use Information

• DNA contains the directions for all of a cells
  activities

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Store and Use Information

• Controls putting together proteins
• Cells require thousands of proteins to work

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Store and Use Information

• DNA and RNA work together to make proteins
• DNA determines cell type
• When cell divides, each cell needs identical copy
  of DNA