Quality of surface water

1
Quality of surface water

• Dumitru Sireteanu, Ilie Anton
• National Scientific and Practical Centre of
  Preventive Medicine

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The weight of samples that do not meet the
sanitary and chemical water parameters in the
Dniester and Prut Rivers
3
The weight of samples that do not meet the
sanitary and microbiological water parameters in
Dniester and Prut Rivers
4
Upstream and downstream water quality of Dniester
River
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Upstream and downstream water quality of Prut
River
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Draft Regulation. General definitions

• These norms are established on the basis of Law
  on sanitary-epidemiological insurance of the
  population no.1513-XII from 16.06.1993 with the
  later changes, Water Code, European Parliament
  and Council Directives, Governmental resolutions.
  
• Sanitary-epidemiological norms will be used at
  setting up the conditions of discharges into
  surface water of treated urban and meteoric waste
  waters and treated industrial or zoo-technical
  waste waters.
• Requirements of present norms are mandatory for
  all water users, whose activity influences the
  quality of surface waters, for bodies and
  organizations, which according to existing
  legislation perform state control of surface
  water protection and use.
• Enforcement of present norms is controlled by
  central and regional sanitary-epidemiological
  supervising authorities, National
  Scientific-Practical Center of Preventive
  Medicine and other bodies, according to the
  existing legislation.
• Legal and natural persons of the Republic of
  Moldova, who committed offences with regard to
  aquatic pollution, can be charged under penal,
  administrative and disciplinary codes.

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System of classes for surface waters uses
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The classes of uses can be characterized as
follows

• Class I may be considered equivalent to very
  good status, which includes the status of the
  aquatic system in its natural, undisturbed state.
  The water of such a quality class is adequate for
  all uses mentioned in the table.
• Class II is not equivalent to good status.
  Water corresponding to standard requirements for
  class II can sustain all uses, including good
  functioning of aquatic ecosystems. Simple
  treatment methods will be sufficient for using it
  in drinking purposes.
• Class III is the one where water starts to be
  under pressure. Simple methods of treatment are
  no longer sufficient to produce drinking water.
• Class IV allows water uses only for low
  requirements/ without requirements of the water
  quality and advanced treatment of captured water
  from surface basins would be needed in order to
  make it potable.
• Class V water is considered poor quality water
  and can be used only for hydroenergetics and
  river transport.

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Quality standards of proposed surface waters
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Quality standards of proposed surface waters
(continued)
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Requirements for urban waste water discharges
from treatment plants into sensitive zones under
eutrophication
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Sanitary epidemiological requirements towards
the quality of treated waste waters discharged
into natural recipients.
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Discharge conditions of waste waters into water
bodies

• Waste water discharge into water bodies within
  populated area is forbidden..
• Waste water discharge into water bodies within
  the perimeter II of sanitary protection of the
  drinking water supply sources and into water
  basins with the 1-4 index of water pollution
  (according to hygienic classification of water
  bodies based on the level of pollution and in
  small rivers, it is admitted only with the
  technical and economical argumentation and with
  mandatory coordination with the National
  Scientific-Practical Center of Preventive
  Medicine).
• The site of waste water discharge must be located
  downstream of the river flow in relation to the
  polluted centre and in relation to all places of
  water use by the population, taking into account
  the possibilities of inversed water flow due to
  winds. The place of waste water discharge into
  stagnant water or low draining basins (lakes,
  water accumulation basins, etc.) has to be
  established based on hygienic, meteorological and
  hydrological data (including the possibility of
  inversed water flow in case of sudden regime
  change of hydro-electrical stations, that work in
  a variable regime) as to avoid the negative
  influence on water use conditions by the
  population.
• The conditions of waste water discharge into
  water bodies are set based on
• Meeting the normatives for water quality of water
  bodies corresponding to present Norms.
• Admitted level of waste water mixing and dilution
  with the water of the water body on the sector
  from their discharge site till the researched
  point of the river, located 1 km upstream from
  the closest site where water is used for
  drinking and for socio-cultural purposes.
• When establishing the conditions of waste water
  discharge one must not take into consideration
  water bodys capacity of assimilation.