Impending Crisis 1850s

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Impending Crisis(1850s)

• Key Terms
• Paternalism
• Small Farmer Model
• Free Soiler
• Popular Sovereignty
• Henry Clay
• Stephen Douglas
• Compromise of 1850
• Fugitive Slave Law
• Abolitionists
• Uncle Toms Cabin
• Brooks vs. Sumner

• Intro
• The South
• Slavery S. Society
• Why fight?
• Road to War
• Controversies
• Compromise
• Crises
• Fugitives
• Stowe
• Fight
• Conc.

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Slavery The Bible

• Various passages were used to justify slavery.
• Curse of Ham

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Slavery History

• Ancient Greeks Romans owned slaves.
• US Constitution protected slavery
• 3/5 Compromise
• Fugitive Slave Provision

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Slavery Social Justification
Paternalism

• Slaves were like children (family) in need of
  help.
• Slaves were provided with food and shelter.
• Civilization and Christianity were brought to
  people considered heathens.

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Southern Society

• Society was very stratified (pyramid).
• Great Planters (1-5 of pop 20 slaves)
• Small Farmers (35-45 of pop 0-5 slaves-most
  common)
• Landless Whites (20-25 of pop)
• Slaves (35 of pop)
• About 75 of Southern whites did NOT own slaves.

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Virginia Community Life
River
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Washingtons Jeffersons Homes
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Small Farmer Model
Why would a Southern white male fight to protect
slavery if he didnt own slaves?

• Large plantation was the social center of life.

• Large planters lent small farmers a helping
  hand VERY often.
• A small farmers goal to become a big planter!

• The entire system was based on slave labor!

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Controversy/Concerns After Mexican War

• Would slavery expand into newly acquired land?
• What about Texas (border debt) California?
• Some felt slavery in WADC was embarrassing for
  the nation

A group of slaves passing by the US Capital
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Different Solutions

• Free Soilers

All new territory should be FREE (prohibit
slavery).

• Popular Sovereignty

Allow people who live in new territories for vote
and decide themselves.

• Extend Missouri Compromise line

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Who Can Develop A Compromise?
Henry Clay
Stephen Douglas

• He failed

• He succeeded

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Compromise Of 1850

• California enters Union as a free state.
• Slavery in Utah New Mexico territories will be
  decided by popular sovereignty.
• Settle Texas boundary compensate Texas.

• The slave trade was outlawed in WA DC (but
  slavery was still legal).

Douglas

• A stricter Fugitive Slave Law was passed.

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Significance Compromise Of 1850

• Its Impact It averted war for 10 years.

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Presidents The Compromise
Zachary Taylor (1849-50)
Millard Filmore (1850-1853)
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Fugitive Slave Law(Part of Compromise of 1850)

• All runaway slaves had to be returned to their
  owners.
• It became illegal to aid runaway slaves.
• Accused runaways were denied a jury trial a
  judge decided their fate.

• It INFURIATED opponents of slavery showed
  slavery was a national problem, not regional.

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Escaping From Slavery
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Uncle Toms Cabin(1852)
Harriet Beecher Stowe
Her Goal Show horrors of slavery.

• National best-seller.

• Its Impact It infuriated North AND South

• So, youre the little lady

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A Slave Family Is Ripped Apart
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Uncle Toms Final Beating
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Abolitionists

• Condemned slavery as immoral and called for an
  immediate end to slavery.
• Strongest in New England, but still very small in
  number.

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Brooks vs. Sumner-1856(Tensions continue to rise)

• Senator Charles Sumner criticized slaveholders in
  general another Senator, Andrew Butler.
• US Representative Preston Brooks (Butlers
  nephew) fought Sumner on US Senate floor.

• Northerners were infuriated by the attack, but
  Brooks became a hero in South.

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Dred Scott Case (1857)
Dred Scott (A Slave)
Resided in Wisconsin (a territory made free by
Congress) for many years.
He sued to obtain his freedom.
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Dred Scott Decision (1857)
Chief Justice

• He was not granted freedom, even though he lived
  in a free territory.
• Slaves also were denied all citizenship rights.

• Congress cannot prohibit slavery anywhere it has
  no power to tell people where they may take their
  property.
• Only states may prohibit slavery.

Roger Taney (1777-1864)
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Impact Of Dred Scott

• Infuriated Northerners as they fear slavery could
  expand to new areas.
• Demonstrated slavery was a NATIONAL problem not
  just Southern.

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Impending Crisis(1850s)

• Key Terms
• Free Soiler
• Popular Sovereignty
• Henry Clay
• Stephen Douglas
• Compromise of 1850
• Fugitive Slave Law
• Abolitionists
• Uncle Toms Cabin
• Brooks vs. Sumner
• Dred Scott Decision

• Intro
• Road to War
• Controversies
• Compromise
• Crises
• Fugitives
• Stowe
• Fight
• Scott
• Conc.