THE ROAD TO THE REVOLUTION PART 2

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THE ROAD TO THE REVOLUTIONPART 2
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THE STAMP ACT CONGRESS

• October 1765 Nine colonies sent 27 delegates to
  New York to criticize the Stamp Act and English
  taxes, but not for revolution.
• James Otis Taxation without representation is
  tyranny.
• This is the first time the colonies acted
  together to protest against England.

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What did the Stamp Act Congress pass?

• The merchants agree to stop importing British
  goods.
• Attempts will be made to intimidate all stamp
  distributors.
• The Congress agrees to refrain from doing
  business that requires stamps.
• Demand that Parliament repeal the Sugar Act and
  the Stamp Act.
• Accept the authority of Parliament to legislate
  the colonies, but not to give Parliament the
  right to tax the colonies or to hold trials in
  the Admiralty Courts.

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English Response to the Stamp Act Congress

• Parliament repeals the Stamp Act, but on the same
  day announces the Declaratory Act.
• Declaratory Act (1766) This act simply states
  that Parliament does have the power to tax and
  pass laws it sees necessary for the colonies.

• William Pitt was a opponent of
  the Declaratory Act.

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English Response to the Stamp Act Congress

• Virtual Representation A member of Parliament
  not only represents the people who elected him,
  but also all persons throughout the empire.

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CHARLES TOWNSHENDSecretary of the Treasury
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TOWNSHEND ACTS (1767)

• Duties (tax) on colonial imports of paper, lead,
  glass, and tea.
• New York assembly actions are null and void until
  they provide supplies under the Quartering Act.
• A Special Board headquartered in Boston will
  collect the taxes.

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Colonial Response to the Townshend Acts

• Boycott colonies refused to buy these goods.
• This non-violent protest hurt English merchants
  badly.
• In 1770, except for the duties on tea and
  quartering of troops, the English merchants get
  this act repealed.

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THE BOSTON MASSACRE

• Bostonians resented the Redcoats from the
  Quartering Act of 1765 and tension grew over the
  Townshend Acts.

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• On March 5, 1770 The Redcoats order the crowd
  of protestors to break up, but instead the crowd
  threw snowballs, ice, etc. and boxed in the
  soldiers.

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• The Redcoats fire killing five people, including
  Crispus Attucks.

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• Samuel Adams Creates anti-British propaganda
• He labeled the event the Boston Massacre, but it
  did not spark the Revolution.
• Committees of Correspondence will insure
  communication between colonies and publicize all
  British atrocities.

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BOSTON MASSACRE
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ENGLISH PRIME MINISTER
Lord North
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THE TEA ACT of 1773

• All tea purchased by the colonies must be
  purchased from the East India Company which gave
  them a monopoly.

• To demonstrate that Parliament had the power to
  tax the colonies, a small tax was left on the
  tea, though the tea remained cheap.

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Colonial Response to the Tea Act of 1773

• On December 16, 1773, to demonstrate that the
  colonies will not pay any Parliamentary tax,
  Samuel Adams and the Sons of Liberty, dressed up
  like Mohawks and in an open display dumped the
  tea into Boston Harbor.

Sons of Liberty
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THE BOSTON TEA PARTY
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English response to the Boston Tea Party

• Intolerable Acts of 1774 (Coercive Acts)

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INTOLERABLE ACTS (1774)

• Boston Port Act Closed Bostons harbor until the
  tea was paid for.

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• The Administration of Justice Act General
  Thomas Gage was put in charge of Massachusetts
  and could send the trial of soldiers and
  officials who killed protestors back to England.

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• King George III replaced elected officials with
  appointed ones in Massachusetts.
• Quartering Act of 1774 Placed soldiers directly
  in peoples homes in Boston.

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Quebec Act of 1774

• Stated that Catholics can practice their
  religion.
• Extended the area of Quebec into the Ohio River
  Valley.
• Placed a royal governor in charge of Quebec.

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FIRST CONTINENTAL CONRESS (1774)