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Stratification

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Japanese CEO receives 40x worker pay. Highest tax bracket in U.S. is 35 ... 1. Bill Gates $46.5 billion. 2. Warren Buffet 44.0 billion ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Stratification


1
Stratification
  • The organization of inequality in society
  • Provides a system for dispersal of scarce goods
    and resources

2
Consider these 2004 Earnings
3
  • Avg. pay for CEO of lg. company --- 375 times
    avg. Iowa workers pay
  • Japanese CEO receives 40x worker pay
  • Highest tax bracket in U.S. is 35
  • 15 on dividends and LT capital gains

4
Theoretical Perspectives Conflict
  • K. Marx, R. Dahrendorf
  • Classes determined by relationship to means of
    productionowners/workers

5
Functionalist Perspective
  • T. Parsons, W. Moore, Davis Moore

6
Functionalist Perspective (cont.)
  • Consider.What positions are most critical to our
    society?
  • Do those positions receive greatest rewards?

7
Median Annual Salaries 2004Bureau of Labor
Statistics
8
Median Annual Salaries 2004Bureau of Labor
Statistics
9
2003 Hourly Earnings Average
  • Full time job
  • Cashier _at_ 7.81/hr 15,620/yr
  • Subtract 7.65 FICA, Med. 1,195
  • 14,425/yr
  • Home health aide _at_ 7.81/hr 15,620/yr
  • or 14,425/yr

10
(No Transcript)
11
Wealth (Forbes 2005 rankings)
  • 1. Bill Gates 46.5 billion
  • 2. Warren Buffet 44.0 billion
  • 5. Prince A.B. Talal Alsaud 23.7 billion
  • 8. Karl Albrecht 18.5 billion
  • 10. S. Robson Walton 18.2 billion
  • 11- 15 Four other Walton heirs 18 billion
    each
  • 25. Abigail Johnson 12.0
  • 27. Barbara Cox Anthony 11.7
  • 27. Anne Cox Chambers 11.7
  • 32. Forrest Mars Jr 10.4
  • Jacqueline Mars 10.4
  • John Mars 10.4

12
Dimensions of Stratification
  • Family and kinship
  • Religion
  • Power
  • Achievement
  • Gender and race
  • Possessions/Wealth
  • Occupational prestige
  • Education

13
Possessions/Wealth
  • Wealth better than poverty in U.S.
  • In gesellschaft (modern society), difficult for
    people to know others class status and wealth

14
Soc. 134 Parents Income (Percent)Iowa md family
income 51,505 for 2004, 55,327 U.S.Md. your
family 70,000 approx.
15
Occupational Prestige
  • (Hodge, Treiman, and Rossi)
  • Factors associated with prestige
  • Compensation, education, skills, power, nature of
    the work
  • Impact of gender

16
Education
  • Not as highly respected in U.S. as in some other
    cultures

17
Reasons for Attending College (Percent
indicating very important, Soc. 134 Survey)
18
Many Dimensions of Stratification
  • Many and varied opportunities to move up the
    stratification scale

19
Socioeconomic Class
  • Term that connotes overall status
  • Implies a relationship between dimensions
  • Sociologists usually use
  • Education, income, occupational prestige
  • Sometimes add life style

20
Socioeconomic Class Categories
  • Upper upper class
  • Lower upper class
  • Upper middle class
  • Middle class
  • Working class (lower middle)
  • Lower classes (working poor, unemployed)

21
Upper Classes
  • 2 of U.S. population
  • Much more in other assets (wealth)
  • Lower upper have new wealth

22
Middle Classes
  • Upper middlewell educated professionals,
    affluent but not wealthy
  • Middle class25-30 of population
  • Avg. HH income 40,000-80,000

23
Working Class (lower middle)
  • About one third of population
  • Semi skilled and unskilled labor
  • High school education or less
  • HH income 25,000 to 40,000/yr

24
Lower Classes
  • Working poor (14 of population)
  • Low pay, no benefits, little security
  • Underclass (9 of population)
  • Unemployed or seasonally employed

25
ISU vs. U.S. Class Distribution ()
26
Consequences of Stratification
  • Upper/middle as compared to working/lower
  • In Political Life
  • More likely to vote Republican

27
In Religion
  • Upper and middle classes
  • Less religious, more likely to belong to a
    church
  • Baptists draw more from lower classes

28
In Family Life
  • Higher divorce rate in lower classes
  • Upper middle/middle-- more child centered
  • Lower classes more concerned with obedience, less
    child centered

29
Money Can Buy Happiness
  • The lower classes have
  • Higher crime victimization rates
  • Pay higher taxes as percent of income
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