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Labour and Radicals in English Politics

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Title: Labour and Radicals in English Politics


1
Labour and Radicals in English Politics
  • Party Formation, Suffrage, and Ireland, 1870-1914

2
Practical and Intellectual Context
  • Trades Union Congress est. 1868
  • No real radicalsgoal of workers was to become
    more successful in capitalismnot to transform
    capitalism
  • Fabian Societyevolutionary change by
    ascertaining direction toward which society and
    economy is moving and making pro-active
    adjustments.
  • Sidney Webb Beatrice Webb, History of the
    English Poor Law

3
Sidney (1859-1947) Beatrice (1858-1943)
4
So what?
  • The Webbs and other Fabians had access to those
    who ran England and their research data could
    identify areas in need of reform.
  • Their work helped transform the reforming
    impulse, that had been done initially to prevent
    revolution, then out of religiously-based
    morality, into a more data-driven,
    empirically-based enterprise.

5
Labour Party The Challenge
  • 1871 Trade Unions Act exempted railroad union
    from corporate responsibility.
  • Taff-Vale Case (1900)Labour recognized need to
    change law making their members responsible for
    business losses during a strikeneed to have
    political party.
  • Osborne Case (1909)Union funds cant be used for
    political purposes.

6
Labour Party The Success
  • Labour M. P.s and workers generally supported
    Liberals in 1909 Budget Crisis
  • Liberals pass Trade Union Amendment Act in
    1911Union Funds can be used for political
    purposes
  • Strikes in 1911-1912 embitter labor-management
    relations
  • WWILabor is patriotic but demands post-war
    reforms and Labour constitutes itself a separate
    party in the wake of the demise of the Liberal
    Party.

7
Kier Hardie (1856-1915)
8
Womens Suffrage
  • Emmeline PankhurstWomens Social and Political
    Union1903
  • Disrupted political meetings, demanding votes for
    women
  • 1908arrested for disrupting Commonshunger
    strikes while in prison
  • March 1, 1912Oxford and Regent Street windows
    smashed
  • June 4, 1913Emily Davison at Epson Derby

9
Emmiline Pankhurst
10
Force-feeding a Suffragette
11
The Ghost of Emily Davison
12
Ireland
  • Home Rule forces had money and arms from Irish
    relatives in the U. S.
  • Irish Protestants in Ulster armed themselves and
    were determined to resist Home Rule
  • Edward Carson (1854-1935) led Irish Unionists
    railed against evils of Catholicism
  • Soldiers said that they would not contribute to
    Home Rule if forced, theyd quit the army and
    join the Irish Unionists
  • Violence in Ireland Increases.

13
Edward Carson
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