Acids and Bases

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Acids and Bases

• pH factor

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Acids

• Acids
• Sour Taste
• Less than 7 on pH scale
• Forms a hydrogen ion (H)
• When mixed with a base, they neutralize each
  other and form a salt and water
• Conduct electricity
• Include Orange Juice, Lemon Juice, Pepsi/Coke,
  Vinegar

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Bases

• Bases
• Bitter Taste
• Greater than 7 on pH scale
• Forms a hydroxide ion (OH-)
• When mixed with an acid, they neutralize each
  other and form a salt and water.
• Conduct Electricity
• Includes Household Cleaners, Antacid, Ammonia

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Things to know about Acids and Bases

• Dissociation When either mix with water, they
  separate to form ions.
• Neutralization Reaction When mixed together,
  they neutralize to form a salt and water
• NaOH(aq) HCl(aq) -gt NaCl(aq) H2O(l)
• A substance is classified as an acid or base
  depending on the level of acidity in it. This is
  measured on the pH scale 7 is neutral. Tests
  can be done using an acid-base indicator such as
  litmus paper.

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NEUTRAL SUBSTANCES

• Do not release H ions or OH - ions into
  solution.
• Have a pH of 7
• Taste neither bitter or sour
• Feel soothing to touch
• Do not always conduct electricity
• Includes Deionized Water, Homogenized Milk,
  Sugar Water

7
pH scale
7
Neutral