LymphaticImmune systems

1
Lymphatic/Immune systems
2
I. Lymphatic function
A. Returns fluid to circulatory system

• interstitial fluid from tissues

B. Bodys defense system

• phagocytic cells

II. Parts of Lymphatic system
A. Lymphatic vessels

• similar to veins -gt valves

• smooth muscles propel fluid

B. Lymph nodes

• honeycomb clusters of lymphocytes

3
(No Transcript)
4
C. Lymph organs
1. Spleen

• filters blood

• immune defense

2. Thymus

• T cells (lymphocytes) mature

3. Tonsils

• lymphocytes/ macrophages

4. Peyers patches

• small intestines

• macrophages

5
(No Transcript)
6
(No Transcript)
7
III. Bodys Defense Systems
A. Nonspecific defense
1. 1st line of defense (mechanical
barriers)

• skin and mucous membranes

• hairs in nose

• coughing/sneezing

2. Chemicals

• HCl in stomach

• interferons

Released w/virus attack
8
3. Increase body temp (fever)
4. Inflammation

• injury or infection

• histamine -gt dilates blood vessels

Increases blood flow
chemotaxis

• phagocytosis

• clotting

5. Cells

• neutrophils/monocytes (Macrophages)

• Natural Killer cells (Lymphocyte)

inject chemicals
9
B. Specific Immune Defense
1. Comparison w/nonspecific

• antigen specific

• systemic

• memory

2. Terminology

• antigen

• antibody

3. Cells

• contain receptors for specific antigens

10
T cells bone marrow to Thymus
Helper T cells
Cytotoxic T cells

• macrophage engulfs bacteria

• binds to antigen on infected cells

• Helper T binds to antigen

• multiplies

• releases cytokines

• secretes chemicals into infected cells

• activates Cyto Ts and B cells

• Some Ts -gt memory

11
(No Transcript)
12
B cells in bone marrow
B cells bind to antigen (bacteria)
B cells multiply (cytokines)
Plasma cells secrete antibodies
Memory cells
C. Classification of Immunity
1. Active immunity

• natural production of immune response

• vaccines (artificial)

13
(No Transcript)
14
2. Passive immunity
Transfer of antibodies to a person

• mother fetus / during breast feeding

• via prescription

IV. Disorders of Immunity
A. Allergies
1. Response to allergens (antigens)

• overproduction of antibodies (IgE)

• activation of basophils -gt histamine

• vasodilation

15
B. AIDS
1. HIV

• Helper T cells

• replicates using cells DNA

• Helper Ts

C. Autoimmune diseases
Autoantibodies -gt attack organs or
tissue
1. Multiple sclerosis

• destroys myelin sheath (CNS)

2. Type I diabetes

• destroys pancreatic beta cells