Mental

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Mental Emotional Health

• Health
• 2008-2009

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Mental Emotional Health Defined

• The ability to accept yourself and others, adapt
  and manage emotions, and deal with the demands
  and challenges you meet in life.

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Characteristics of Good Mental / Emotional Health

• Positive Self-Esteem
• Sense of Belonging
• Sense of Purpose
• Positive Outlook
• Autonomy The power to make responsible and safe
  decisions. A sense of independence.
• Signs of good Mental / Emotional Health (pg. 171
  text)

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Maslows Hierarchy of Needs
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Meeting Your Needs

• Physical Needs, Safety, Belonging, Recognition,
  Self-Actualization
• Risky ways some teens meet their need to belong
• Sexual activity
• Alcohol, tobacco, and other drugs
• Hanging out with friends who participate in high
  risk behavior.
• What are some other ways?
• Pretending to be someone you are not.
• Showing off
• Manipulating

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Meeting Your Needs

• Physical Needs, Safety, Belonging, Recognition,
  Self-Actualization
• Healthful Options Brainstorm a list of the ways
  we meet the above needs
• Finding your strengths
• Being real living your beliefs
• Finding others who share your beliefs
• Hanging with people who like you for who you are.

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Think-Pair and Share

• Sometimes our fears and stressors overcome
  usleading to mental illness or disease.
• Brainstorm with your grouphow many mental
  disorders/ phobias can you list???
• http//phobialist.com/index.html
• http//www.mentalhealth.com/p20.html

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Mental Disorders

• Numerous factors have been linked to the
  development of mental disorders. In many cases
  there is no single accepted or consistent cause
  currently established. A common view held is that
  disorders often result from genetic
  vulnerabilities combining with environmental
  stressors.

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Mental Disorders and Suicide

• What Are Mental Disorders?
• Kinds of Mental Disorders
• Suicide
• Treating Mental Disorders

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They are more common then you think

• There are many different categories of mental
  disorders, and many different aspects of human
  behavior and personality that can become
  disordered.

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What Are Mental Disorders?Recognizing Mental
Disorders

• MENTAL DISORDER an illness that affects the mind
  and prevents a person from being productive,
  adjusting to life situations, or getting along
  with others.
• Most mental disorders are characterized by
  abnormal thoughts, feelings, or behaviors that
  make people uncomfortable with themselves or at
  odds with others.

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What Are Mental Disorders?Recognizing Mental
Disorders

• Signs of a mental disorder usually occur
  frequently and over a long period of time
• Signs are not always easy to identify
• What is normal behavior in one culture may not be
  in another
• There are more than 230 types of mental disorders
  which are recognized

• 1 in 10 children in the US suffer from a mental
  disorder severe enough to cause some level of
  impairment
• Children are defined as those under the age of 18

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So what are the most common disorders??

• http//www.nimh.nih.gov/health/publications/the-nu
  mbers-count-mental-disorders-in-america.shtml

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Kinds of Mental DisordersAnxiety Disorders

• ANXIETY DISODER is a condition in which real or
  imagined fears are difficult to control.
• Characterized by chronic fear
• People with this disorder often arrange their
  lives to avoid situations that make them feel
  anxious or fearful.
• There are four main types of anxiety disorders

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Kinds of Mental DisordersAnxiety Disorders

• 1. Phobic Disorder
• PHOBIA Anxiety related to a specific situation
  or object heights, , spiders, etc.
• How might fears affect normal living?

• 2. Panic Disorder
• Has an unexplained feeling of terror feelings
  accompanied by symptoms such as trembling,
  pounding heart, shortness of breath, dizziness.
• This fear gets in the way of a persons ability
  to enjoy life

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Anxiety Disorders

• 3. Obsessive- Compulsive Disorder
• OBSESSION an idea or thought that takes over the
  mind and cannot be forgotten
• COMPULSION repeated, irresistible behaviors
• Repetitive behaviors such as
• Hand washing, counting, cleaning

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Types of Anxiety Disorders

• 4. Post Traumatic stress disorder -
• a condition that may result after exposure to
  a terrifying event that threatened or caused
  physical harm.
• The disorder is common after a personal assault
  rape, bombings, earthquakes, plane crashes,
  military combat.
• Symptoms flashbacks, nightmares, emotional
  numbness, guilt, sleeplessness

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What role does media play in body image ?

• http//www.newsweek.com/id/135166

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Eating Disorders- Anorexia Nervosa

• Psychological pressures, possible genetic
  factors, and an obsession with body image and
  thinness can lead to an eating disorder.
• ANOREXIA NERVOSA A serious eating disorder in
  which a person refuses to eat enough food to
  maintain a minimum normal body weight
• Symptoms
• Extreme loss of body weight
• Intense fear of gaining weight (even when
  underweight)
• Denial of the seriousness of low body weight
• Infrequent of absent menstrual periods (women)
• Avoiding meals
• Intense or excessive exercise as another means of
  controlling weight

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Anorexia Nervosa

• Other Symptoms
• Slowed heart and breathing rates
• Lowered body temperature
• Dry skin
• Growth of fine body hair
• In some cases, a lack of essential minerals may
  cause the heart to stop suddenly, leading to death

• An estimated .5 to 3.7 of females suffer from
  anorexia in their lifetime
• An estimated 5-15 of people with anorexia are
  males

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Eating Disorders- Bulimia

• BULIMIA A serious eating disorder in which
  alternates eating binges with purging
• Bulimia is MORE prevalent than Anorexia
• Difficult to diagnose
• Public behavior appears normal
• Bulimic behavior occurs in private
• Most Bulimics do not become dangerously
  underweight

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Eating Disorders- Bulimia

• Serious health effects
• Dehydration and kidney failure
• Enamel on teeth erodes
• Vitamin and mineral deficiencies
• Depression leading to suicide or substance abuse

• Symptoms
• Eating uncontrollably
• Using the bathroom frequently after meals
• Bloodshot eyes
• Sore throat
• Weakness/ exhaustion
• Vomiting blood
• Depression/ Mood swings
• Heartburn, bloating, indigestion, constipation

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Eating Disorders- Bulimia

• Enamel erosion of all teeth
• Increased occurrence of cavities
• Braces and restorations may not stay on teeth

• Teeth become discolored
• Bleeding of the gums
• Physical changes in the mouth are often the 1st
  signs of an eating disorder

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Statistics on Eating Disorders

• The Desire to be Thin
• 42 of 1st grade girls want to be thinner
• 81 of 10 year olds are afraid of being fat
• Most models are thinner than 98 of American
  women
• The avg. American woman is 54 and 140lbs.
• The avg. American model is 511 and 117 lbs.

• Dieting
• 51 of 9 and 10 year old girls feel better about
  themselves if they are on a diet
• 95 of all dieters regain the lost weight in 1-5
  years
• Americans spend over 40 billion on dieting and
  diet products every year

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What to do about a friend that has an Eating
Disorder

• If You Have An Eating Disorder
• Tell someone you trust
• You will need support
• It is an addiction
• If You Do Not Get Help
• Death from malnutrition
• Dangerous heart rhythms
• Dental Problems
• Liver failure
• Hair loss

• Worried about a Friend?
• Express your concern in a loving and supportive
  way
• Tell someone
• Avoid giving simple solutions
• Express your CONTINUED support

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MEN A New Brand of Body Issues and Body Image
Problems

• Body dysmorphic disorder, or BDD, is a relatively
  unknown but common emotional disorder in which
  the sufferer is preoccupied with obsessions over
  a perceived physical flaw or defect.
• The sufferer appears normal to everyone else, but
  they often believe that they are hideous or
  disfigured. Body dysmorphic disorder similar to
  obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), and these
  two disorders often occur simultaneously.

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Symptoms of BDD may include some or all of the
following

• Compulsive checking of ones appearance in
  mirrors or reflective surfaces such as doors or
  windows
• Constant need for reassurance from loved ones as
  to how one looks
• Withdrawal from social interaction
• Depression
• An obsessive need to look at pictures of
  celebrities or models
• Compulsive grooming including hair brushing,
  shaving, brushing of teeth and plucking of hairs
• In severe cases, there may be an obsession with
  plastic surgery or multiple surgical procedures
  with little or no satisfaction

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For Additional Information

• National Eating Disorders Association (NEDA)
• www.nationaleatingdisorders.org
• American Dietetic Association (ADA)
• www.eatright.org
• National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)
• www.nimh.nih.gov
• Teen Health
• www.teenshealth.org

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Kinds of Mental DisordersAffective Disorders

• AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
• A mental disorder in which a persons moods or
  emotions become extreme and interfere with daily
  life.
• It is normal to feel depressed in you experience
  an important loss or failure
• The feeling usually lifts after a couple of days
  or weeks and you can get on with your life

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Kinds of Mental DisordersAffective Disorders

• CLINICAL DEPRESSION A mental disorder in which
  a person is overwhelmed by sad feelings for
  months and stops being able to carry out everyday
  activities
• Can be caused by stressors
• Negative attitudes learned early in life may also
  contribute
• Anyone who shows signs of clinical depression
  should seek help from a parent, teacher, guidance
  counselor, physician, or mental health
  professional.

• Signs of Clinical Depression
• Change in appetite
• With weight loss or gain
• Change in sleep patterns
• Difficulty sleeping or sleeping too much
• Change in activity level
• Increased or slowed- down
• Loss of interest or pleasure in usual activities
• Loss of energy, feeling tired all the time
• Difficulty thinking or concentrating
• Recurrent thought of death and suicide

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Kinds of Mental DisordersAffective Disorders

• Bi - Polar
• Shift from one emotional extreme to another for
  no apparent reason
• During a manic episode
• Overly excited
• Restless
• Rapid talking which is impossible to follow
• Difficulty concentrating
• Show poor judgment
• May over spend on a shopping spree
• May drive recklessly
• Manic episodes alternate with periods of deep
  depression
• May behave normally between periods of extreme
  moods

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SuicideThe Warning Signs

• Same signs as depression
• Loss of energy
• Change in sleep patterns
• Withdrawal from usual activities
• Radical changes in personality
• Outgoing becomes withdrawn
• Shy person becomes aggressive
• Severe depression
• Actions
• Stops doing things he/ she enjoys
• Gives away belongings
• Decline in school performance

• Things person says
• I dont want to live anymore.
• Theyll be sorry when Im gone.
• Suffered a major trauma
• Moving to a new place
• Losing boyfriend/ girlfriend
• Friend/ family member dies
• Going through family divorce
• Signs can be deceptive
• Someone who has been severely depressed suddenly
  becomes happy and carefree
• May think person is better and over the
  depression
• Why might they really be happy?

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SuicideMyths and Facts

• People who talk about suicide rarely attempt it
• FACT Suicide victims often talk about suicide
  before attempting it
• If you dare a suicidal person to go ahead and do
  it, the person is not likely to attempt suicide
• FACT Daring the suicidal person may only
  convince them that no one cares and may
  strengthen the persons resolve to commit suicide

• Suicidal people are always tired, sad, and
  inactive
• FACT Some suicidal people, teenagers in
  particular, may become overly active and
  aggressive before attempting suicide
• If people try to take their own lives and do not
  succeed, they usually will not try to do it again
• FACT Suicide victims often have a history of
  several suicide attempts

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SuicideMyths and Facts

• If a suicidal person confides in you and makes
  you promise not to tell anyone of his/ her plans
  to commit suicide, it is important to keep the
  secret, NO MATTER WHAT!
• FACT By sharing the secret with a parent,
  teacher, or other responsible adult you may save
  the persons life

• If a depressed, suicidal person suddenly seems
  better, you do not need to worry.
• FACT A suicidal persons sudden shift in mood
  from depressed to happy may indicate that he/ she
  has resolved to commit suicide and needs help
• Suicide attempts should be kept secret because
  the information could ruin a suicidal persons
  future
• FACT The suicidal person may have no future
  unless the person seeks professional help

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SuicideStatistics

• Who dies from suicide more often, men or women?
• More men than women die from suicide
• Gender ratio is 41 (4 times more men than women
  die from suicide)
• 73 of all suicides are white males
• 80 of all firearm suicides are white males
• What is the 3rd leading cause of death among
  people aged 15- 24
• Suicide

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SuicideHow to Help a Suicidal Person

• DO
• Trust your feelings if you believe the person is
  suicidal
• Take seriously a suicidal persons threats
• Tell the suicidal person how concerned you are
  and how much you care about him/ her
• Talk calmly with the suicidal person show
  interest and compassion
• Find professional help for the suicidal person
• Stay with the suicidal person until help arrives

• DO NOT
• Dare the suicidal person to go ahead and make the
  attempt
• Judge the suicidal person
• Analyze the suicidal persons motives
• Argue or try to convince the suicidal person of
  reasons why he/ she should not attempt suicide
• Keep the suicidal persons self- destructive
  thoughts or actions a secret
• Leave a suicidal person alone

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SuicideHelping Yourself

• If you have been feeling depressed, remember that
  no matter how overwhelming the problems in life
  may seem, SUICIDE IS NEVER A SOLUTION.
• Knowing some specific symptoms of mental
  disorders can help a person determine if he or
  she should seek help
• - you feel trapped with no way out you worry
  all of the time
• - your feelings affect your sleep, eating
  habits, school work, or relationships
• - Your family and friends express concern about
  your behavior aggressive, violent, reckless
• - you are becoming involved with alcohol/drugs

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Helping Yourself or a Friend with depression or
suicidal thoughts

• Click on this link for lots of information and
  resources
• http//www.helpguide.org/mental/depression_teen_te
  enagers.htm

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Treating Mental Disorders

• Most people wait too long to seek help
• Where to find help
• Often, a parent, relative, teacher, school
  counselor, physician, or religious leader can
  tell you about mental health professionals and
  services in your community.
• There are different type of mental health
  professionals that are capable of different
  treatment methods. They may include counseling
  as well as a drug treatment plan.
• Asking for help is not a sign of weakness it is
  a sign of strength as it show responsibility for
  ones own wellness.

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What is therapy?

• Therapy isn't just for mental health. You've
  probably heard people discussing other types of
  medical therapy, such as physical therapy or
  chemotherapy. But the word "therapy" is most
  often used to mean psychotherapy (sometimes
  called "talk therapy") in other
  words, psychological help to deal with stress or
  problems.
• Psychotherapy is a process that's a lot like
  learning. Through therapy, people learn about
  themselves. They discover ways to overcome
  difficulties, develop inner strengths or skills,
  or make changes in themselves or their
  situations. Often, it feels good just to have a
  person to vent to, and other times it's useful to
  learn different techniques to help deal with
  stress.

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What are some reasons to teens go to Therapists?
(teenhealth.com)

• feels sad, depressed, worried, shy, or just
  stressed out
• is dieting or overeating for too long or it
  becomes a problem (eating disorders)
• cuts, burns, or self-injures
• is dealing with an attention problem (ADHD) or a
  learning problem
• is coping with a chronic illness (such as
  diabetes or asthma) or a new diagnosis of a
  serious problem such as HIV, cancer, or a
  sexually transmitted disease (STD)
• is dealing with family changes such as separation
  and divorce, or family problems such as
  alcoholism or addiction
• is trying to cope with a traumatic event, death
  of a loved one, or worry over world events
• has a habit he or she would like to get rid of,
  such as nail biting, hair pulling, smoking, or
  spending too much money, or getting hooked on
  medications, drugs, or pills
• wants to sort out problems like managing anger or
  coping with peer pressure
• wants to build self-confidence or figure out ways
  to make more friends

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Questions about therapy?

• http//kidshealth.org/teen/your_mind/feeling_sad/t
  herapist.html
• This link includes information on what therapy is
  like, who goes to therapy, what a therapist does
  for you, etc