MEMORY

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MEMORY

• Have you ever walked into a room, but forgot what
  you went in there for?
• Have you ever missed an appointment? A meeting?

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MEMORY The mental process that enables us to
acquire, retain and retrieve information over
time.

• There are 3 classifications of memory
• Episodic Memory of a specific event in your
  presence or that youve experienced. AKA
  Flashbulb memory
• An example would be 9-11. all of us remember
  when we first heard about it, what we were doing,
  images we saw

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3 Classifications of memory cont.

• Generic General Knowledge you dont recall when
  you learned it, but you know it. An example is
  the alphabet.
• Procedural skills youve learned that stay with
  you. An example is riding a bike.

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Task 1

• Think of the months of the year as quickly as
  possible! Raise your hand when you think you can
  verbally list them all.
• Now write down the months alphabetically as
  quickly as you can.

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Look at the following for 3 seconds but DO NOT
write it down!!!

• O T T F F S S E N T

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YOUR FAVORITE THINGS

• For numbers 1-10 list 3 examples of each category
  that come to mind. Ex if I say Bird your might
  list eagle, hawk, parrot

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Now exchange with a partner and quiz each other
(5 min each)

• Ex What were two kinds of dogs you listed?
• Score 1pt per correct answer

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What were the letters I had you memorize
earlier?

• Now close your eyes and listen to the following
  statements
• Where your paper says verbal statements answer
  the following questions.
• You will receive the following points (2 pts
  poss.) 1pt per adjective --- 1pt per noun add up
  your total points

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Did you perform better on this one or the
previous memory test?

• Most, if not all of you probably preformed worse
  on this onefor 2 reasons
• These are anothers ideas
• You didnt write it down. This is why its so
  important to take notes in class. If you are
  listening to someone elses ideas, you will
  forget it if you dont procedurally (procedural
  memory) write it down.

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Task 2

• List the 7 Dwarfs (pleaseDo Not look at another
  paper, shout out answers, or seek out or give
  help!!!)
• In order to perform this task, you must use
  RECALL memory. Very similar to an essay test or
  fill-in-the-blank test.

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Task 2 cont

• Pick out the 7 Dwarfs
• Gabby grumpy dopey happy puffy
• Grouchy jumpy wishful wheezy pop
• Fearful dumpy shy smiley droopy
• Sleepy shorty bashful hopeful sly
• Goofy sneezy goober doc lucky
• To perform this task, you need recognition
  memory. Similar to a multiple choice test

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3 Processes of Memory

• Encoding
• Storage
• Retrieval

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ENCODING translation of information into a form
which can be stored (like a computer)

• Visual codes keeping a mental picture in your
  head (picturing the letters)
• Acoustic Codes repeating sounds/ storing info as
  a sequence of sounds (saying letters to
  yourself)
• Semantic Codes Find Meaning in the information
  (the last four letters spelled sent) (PEMDAS)

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Storage Maintain information over time.

• Maintenance Rehearsal Repeating info over and
  over. (what actors/actresses do with lines) not
  the best way to put info in permanent storage.
• Elaborative Rehearsal Relate new information to
  something meaningful. more effective

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Retrieval Locate Memory and bring it to our
consciousness.

• Most of us have the ability to learn but in
  order to do this we must be able to memorize! It
  can be considered a skill!

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3 Kinds of Memory

• Sensory
• Short term
• Long term

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Sensory Memory

• The first stage of memory. It is the immediate,
  initial recording of info that enters through our
  senses.
• Unless worked for, this information is usually
  forgotten.

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Short Term Memory

• AKA Working Memory
• Information remains here even after sensory info
  fades away.
• But it does not last forever!
• ex reciting a phone number or address, once you
  get there, or call, you will probably forget it.

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Long Term Memory

• Relatively permanent storage (your attic)
• Your long term memory already holds sooooo much
  information phone numbers, dates, places,
  pictures, smells, tastes, etc.
• Psychologists have yet to determine how much
  storage space our long term memory has.

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Different kinds of Forgetting

• What was I just about to write..
  ?????????????????????????????????
• Just kidding!!! Hahahahah (can ya tell the coffee
  just kicked in??? Ok getting serious now.

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Repression

• According to Freud and Psychoanalytic Theory, we
  sometimes forget things on purpose without
  knowing it. Some memories are so painful and
  unpleasant that they make us feel anxiety, guilt,
  and shame. TO PROTECT OURSELVES from such
  disturbing memories, we forget them by pushing
  them out of our consciousness.
• Lets check out the examples.

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Amnesia severe memory loss caused by brain
injury, shock, fatigue, illness, or repression.

• Dissociative Caused by severe psychological
  trauma. (Repressed memory)
• Infantile Cant remember before age 3. the part
  of the brain involved in memory remains
  underdeveloped until after age 2.
• Anterograde From blow to the head, electric
  shock (boxers, attack victims)forget
  before/after
• Retrograde Forget the period leading up to event
  (auto accident victims)

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Ways to Improve Your Memory

• Drill and Practice
• Associations
• Relate to things you know
• Chunking
• Visuals
• Mnemonic devices phrase/jingle/acronyms
• Form Unusual Associations

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Chunking

• Organizing information into manageable units that
  are easier to remember.
• This is why we put dashes in phone numbers and
  social security numbers. (easier to remember our
  S.S. as opposed to our drivers license)
• Primacy Effect Remember 1st couple of items
• Recency Effect remember last couple of items