NBA 600: Session 26 New Technologies 24 April 2003

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NBA 600 Session 26New Technologies24 April
2003

• Daniel Huttenlocher

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About The Presentations

• Each group should have one presenter
• Everyone prepared to answer questions
• Spend about 8-10 mins presenting ( 5 slides)
• Make sure to set context for your industry and
  technology
• Send presentation by 230 Tues use my laptop
• Each of you will be given one-page sheets to
  comment on each presentation
• Must be handed in to me by next Friday, May 2
• Will count in your class participation grade
• Will help inform my assessments of presenters

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Todays Class

• Some new or emerging technologies
• In context of what an IT-savvy manager should
  know or know how to learn (last time)
• Finish discussion of Web services
• Software platforms for delivering them
• IT as a service
• From ASPs to outsourcing to utilities
• Grid computing
• Large scale networked resource sharing
• Autonomic computing
• Self healing systems

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Web Services Software

• Two application development frameworks make
  easier to deploy Web services
• J2EE from Sun, based on Java
• Also supported by IBM, Oracle and BEA
• Proprietary extensions from each vendor
• .net from Microsoft, based on CLR
• CLR common language runtime
• Language independent but primarily new language
  C and Visual Basic
• Wide adoption in Microsoft developer community
• In practice, many are using both

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Recent Study

• Gartner survey from September 02
• 44 consulting and systems integration firms
• Reported in Information Week, 2/5/03
• Top 3 platforms targeting for Web services
• 58 .net
• 40 IBM WebSphere (J2EE)
• 31 Oracle (J2EE)
• Sun fourth place
• Survey of 140 companies similar results
• Smaller companies more likely to use .net
• Larger more likely to use J2EE or both

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Whats Meant by Web Services

• Most companies still using Web services within
  the enterprise
• Some starting to offer services to outsiders
• Beyond technology leaders like FedEx, Google,
  Amazon, Ebay
• Generally using XML for inter-system
  communication over HTTP
• Usage of SOAP and WSDL still low
• In Feb. 2002 was miniscule
• Currently around 20 report using at least one

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Full Web Services Architecture
DiscoveryAgency
Publish(Using WSDL)
Find(Using WSDL)
IP Network
ServiceProvider
ServiceRequestor
Interaction(Using SOAP)
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Todays Web Services Architecture
IP Network
ServiceProvider
ServiceRequestor
Interaction(Using XML over HTTP)
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Web Services Stack

• How many layers deployed to meet todays needs
  versus tomorrows

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Management Decisions

• Vendors and platforms
• Unix/Java or Microsoft shop (often both)
• J2EE or .net (or both)
• Currently using
• Other trends driving these choices within firm
• What are potential customers using and how much
  influence over their choices
• Or compatibility across vendors
• How far up the Web services stack
• Is minimum for the business purpose
• Is desirable for future needs

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IT Products vs. Services

• Application software long been offered either for
  sale or for rent/use
• Purchase model vs. application service provider
  (ASP) model
• Consumer example buy Turbotax vs. use on Web
• No need to install, or even have own computer
• Corporate examples HR, payroll, email and other
  core applications
• Again, no installation, maintenance, etc.
• Easily quantifiable costs if long term contract

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ASP Model

• Has tended to be more successful with smaller
  businesses
• Less ability to have/afford adequate in-house
  technical expertise
• Has been successful in data delivery
• Particularly financial data Reuters, Bloomberg
• Larger firms still prefer purchase/license
• Critical systems under own control
• Vs. ASP as well as network to get there
• Data privacy/security/integrity issues
• Can amortize IT staff over larger base

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Computing as Utility

• Being pushed by IBM, HP, and to lesser degree Sun
• Companies should not make large capital
  investments in IT infrastructure
• Computers, networks, operating systems and
  middleware software
• Inefficient use of resources
• Instead view as utility like electricity
• Pay for what you use
• IBM on-demand computing
• HP adaptive infrastructure
• Sun N1, computing to n-th degree

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Utility Computing History

• IBM, EDS and others provided computer service
  bureaus
• Access to mainframe computing resources
• Pre-internet, mainly over leased-line networks
• During dot-com boom many managed hosting services
  provided Web servers
• Still true, but more acting as data center space
• Varieties of service levels
• Complete Web server
• Data center space and networking
• Just data center space

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On-Demand Computing

• IBM positioning as a thought leader
• Palmisano giving many speeches on the topic
• View as tightly coupled with
• Commoditization of computing and networking
• Linux on X
• Web services model
• General application platforms (WebSphere a
  leading one)
• Standard interfaces (XML, SOAP, etc.)
• Grid computing
• Managing large networks of resources

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IDC Survey

• Survey of 34 companies
• Reported in CNET News Feb 14, 03
• Found IBM and HP reported top choices for
  providing utility computing services
• 19 of 34 wouldnt want such services offsite or
  shared with other companies
• Almost half interested in private utility
• In-house use of software and services to more
  effectively use computing resources
• Seeking a lot
• Short contracts with savings of 28 or more

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Utility Computing Concerns

• Similar to all support or service outsourcing
  projects
• Financial stability of provider
• Safety of data
• Accessibility/reliability/service level
• Escalating costs
• On other hand desperately looking to lower basic
  IT costs
• Networking, storage, computing, operating systems
  and infrastructure software
• Have been substantial outsourcing deals

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IT Infrastructure Outsourcing

• Financial services industry undertaking large
  outsourcing of basic IT services
• JP Morgan Chase 7yr 5B deal with IBM
• IBM absorb 4,000 JPMC employees/contractors
• Plan to eliminate half of 16,000 servers globally
• Consolidate 37 independent networks into one
• Annual cost reductions over contract life
• Deutsche Bank 10yr 2.6B with IBM
• B of A 10yr 4.5B with EDS
• ABM Amro 5yr 1.3B with EDS
• CIBC 7yr 1.5B with HP

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Grid Computing

• Term coined in mid 90s
• For distributed computing infrastructure for
  advanced science and engineering
• Has come to refer to many things
• globus.org grid toolkit used by many research and
  academic organizations
• Open source (using own globus license)
• Also basis of solutions by vendors such as IBM
• Globus defines grid as coordinated resource
  sharing and problem solving in dynamic,
  multi-institutional virtual organizations

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Grid Computing Toolkit

• Sharing computing and storage resources
• Across wide area networks
• Large number of machines
• Potentially different hardware/OS
• Machines possibly owned and administered by
  different organizations
• With different goals and policies regarding
  priorities of tasks on their machines
• Originally targeted at academic and research
  projects supercomputing
• Less attention to security/privacy
• Now focus at IBM and elsewhere

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Autonomic Computing

• Computing systems are getting more complex and
  inter-connected
• Maintenance and system administration issues are
  reaching a crisis
• Idea of autonomic computing is to give systems
  some degree of self awareness
• Ability to detect problems
• Ability to automatically correct problems
• Notify humans as appropriate
• Currently considerable human monitoring and
  re-configuration to keep running

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Status of Autonomic Computing

• Some large IT systems vendors are moving in this
  direction
• Databases from IBM and Oracle doing more
  self-tuning and self-analysis
• Traditionally have substantial human oversight
• IBM has broad autonomic computing focus
• Working to accelerate both business adoption and
  new academic research
• Solutions range from technically feasible today
  to very ambitious proposals
• Large scale research projects at several
  universities, government funding