Urban Wind Turbines Current trends

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Urban Wind TurbinesCurrent trends

• Damien Leclercq and Rick Morgans
• The University of Adelaide
• Cyclopic Energy Pty Ltd

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Agenda

• Large Wind / Small Wind
• Wind turbine technology
• Noise
• Wind resource complexity
• Turbine siting

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Large Wind / Small Wind

• Wind energy is a viable option
• Reliable technology
• Economy
• Environmental impact
• Cost of CO2
• But the market has split into two unequal parts
  Large wind and Small wind
• Differences in RD effort

Horns Rev (DK)
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Large Wind / Small Wind

• Late 20th Century
• Large wind took off
• Small wind dwindled
• Now
• Large wind turbines are growing
• Small wind turbines are improving

2 MW
2 kW
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Large Wind / Small wind

• What do small turbines contribute?
• On site/distributed/remote generation
• Education/awareness
• Hurdles
• Grid connection
• Capital cost
• Availability and reliability
• Noise
• Wind resource complexity

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Wind Turbine Technology
Lift Machines
Drag Machines
Savonius
Darrieus
Horizontal axis
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Wind Turbine Technology
Source E. Hau. (2000)
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Noise sources
Aerodynamic noise
Mechanicalnoise
Source S.Oerlemans et Al. (2007)
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Noise sources

• Three major noise mechanisms
• Wind turbulence
• Airfoil self noise
• Stall / separation

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Noise reduction

• Use designs that operate at slow rotation

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Noise reduction
Source Oerlemans and Migliore (2004)
Source Oerlemans et Al. (2007)
Source Shu et Al. (2007)
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Noise reduction
Wind tunnel in Adelaide
Premiers Science Research Fund University of
Adelaide Industry partners
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Wind resource complexity
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Wind resource complexity

• Complex environments
• Site specific approach
• Detailed flow model
• Select location for
• Energy yield
• Noise and vibration
• Reliability
• Low operational cost

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Summary

• Large Wind / Small Wind
• Wind turbine technology
• Noise
• Wind resource complexity
• Turbine siting

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Conclusion

• Small wind current focus of attention
• New products overcome technical issues
• BUTDevelopment process is critically important
• Market is yet to reach its potential

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