Slavery: Enforced Migration 15001750

1
Slavery Enforced Migration1500-1750

• Sahara 7th c. C.E.
• Trade routes of Muslim and Arab traders.
• Exports
• Gold
• Slaves
• Ivory
• Amber
• Imported
• cotton and silk cloth.

2
Expansion of the Slave Trade

• Portuguese and later Europeans
• coastal town fortresses vs. desert trade routes.
• 1451-74 1000 slaves/year
• Early/mid 17th c. about 7,500 slaves/year
• 18th c. 50,000 slaves/year
• Total trans-Atlantic slave trade 10,000,000

3
Slaves and Sugar

• Sugar business in the Caribbean 1650.
• 1700s plantations
• Sugar plantations
• early large-scale capitalist enterprise
• feudal, legal rights
• Crops
• Political control
• Forerunner of Factory labor (wage slavery)

4
Slaves outside of the Americas

• 1450-1500
• 50,000 Africans to Europe
• 25,000 to Atlantic islands
• 100,000 to São Tomé (island off the W. coast of
  Africa).
• 1640-1807
• 1,665,000 to British West Indies
• 1664-1838
• 1,600,200 to French West Indies
• 500,000 to Dutch West Indies
• PRE-1776 (American Independence)
• 399,000 to North America
• 4.2 of all the slaves
• Growth
• Trade Center Tropical America Brazil,
  Guiana's, Caribbean coast and islands.