Acids and Bases

1
Acids and Bases

• Ellen LoManto
• 8th period

2
Acids and Bases Definitions

• Arrhenius
• Acid any substance that releases H ion
• Base any substance that releases OH- ions
• Bronsted Lowery
• Acid any substance that donates a proton
• Base any substance that accepts a proton

3
Brosnted- Lowry Theory

• In a chemical reaction, any substance that
  donates a proton as an acid and any substance
  that accepts a proton is a base
• Remember H is a proton. (problems may refer to
  it as either)
• ACID GIVES H AND BASE TAKES H

4
Properties

• Acids
• Taste sour
• Reacts w/ certain metals to form gas
• Blue litmus paper red (ACID RED)
• Ionizes- electrolytes
• Neutralizes bases

• Bases
• Taste bitter
• Slippery
• Red litmus paper blue (BASE BLUE)
• Ionizes- electrolytes
• Neutralize acids

5
Conjugate acid and base pair

• Conjugate base what remains after the H has
  been released by the acid
• Conjugate acid made when the base gets the H
  from the base
• HCL OH CL H20
• A B B A
• (opposite acids and bases are conjugate pairs)

6
salts

• Acid reacts with base to form salt and water
• Salt compound made of the acids - ion and the
  bases ion
• The reaction of an acid and a base
  neutralization reaction

7
Strengths of acids and bases

• Strong acid ionizes totally into and ions
• Strong base totally dissociates into and
  ions
• Weak acids and bases only kinda ionizes

8
Practice problem

• 1. H20 NH3 NH4 OH
• Which of the following are bases?
• H20 and NH3
• NH3 and OH
• NH3 and OH
• NH4 and H20

9
Practice Problem

• 2. HCL H20 H3O Cl
• Which are the appropriate conjugate pairs?
• HCL and Cl
• H2O and Cl
• H30 and H20
• HCl and OH