YAP 513E Public Infrastructure Management

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YAP 513E PublicInfrastructure Management

• INSTRUCTORS
• Dr. Murat ERGÜN
• ITU Faculty of Civil Eng.
• Department of Transportation Eng.
• mergun_at_ins.itu.edu.tr
• Dr. Murat KURUOGLU
• ITU Faculty of Civil Eng.
• Department of Construction Management
• kuruoglu_at_itu.edu.tr

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Content of Todays Class

• Introductions and organization
• Review syllabus
• Course homework, grading, term assignment
• Todays topics
• What is infrastructure
• Why is it important
• What is an infrastructure management system
• Infrastructure deficiency estimates
• Role of standards, design standards, and needs

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Student Information e-mail

• Next Monday, email us your
• Last name, first name, middle I.
• Employer
• Short current job description
• Work address
• Daytime phone
• e-mail address
• Where you got undergraduate training and when

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Opening Housekeeping

• Course philosophy
• Mutual learning experience
• Learn from each other outside resources
• Course operations
• Participative meeting-type atmosphere

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Course scope

• Existing and the replacement of existing
  infrastructure
• Mature versus growing economic and social
  environment
• Emphasis on public
• System rather than components
• Common attributes across infrastructure categories

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Approach

• Integrating - economic and engineering principals
• System approach - treat assets as a system
  rather than as individual components
• Institutional issues - seek to overcome
  institution issues that provide sub-optimal
  system solutions

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Objectives

• To review critically the status of the publics
  infrastructure
• To understand the issues involved in managing
  mature infrastructure and renewing existing
  infrastructure
• To develop an awareness of the analytical tools
  and resources for public infrastructure management

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Grading

• 1 Term Homework - 50
• Prepared as homework, but it will presented in
  front of the class
• Final exam - 50
• Attendance - 70

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Literature List

• Infrastructure Management, W.R. Hudson, R.Hass,
  W. Uddin, McGraw Hill Pub., 1997 ( Text Book
  )2. Measuring and Improving Infrastructure
  Performance, National Academy Press, Washington
  D.C., 19953. Educational Requirements for Civil
  Infrastructure Managers, Public Works
  ManagementPolicy, G. Gordan, C. Cameron, July
  1999

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What is Infrastructure?
The nations water supplies, transportation,
wastewater, solid waste, and other infrastructure
provide a range of essential services. They
facilitate movement of people and goods, provided
adequate safe water for drinking and other uses,
provide energy where it is needed, remove wastes,
and generally support the economy and quality of
life. They are public assets that grow in value
as each generation makes a contribution to the
legacy.
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What is Infrastructure?

• Infrastructure is the aggregate of all facilities
  which allow a society to function
• George Rainer
• Public infrastructure, therefore, is the
  aggregate of all public facilities which allow a
  society to function
• It is a work of civilization
• David McCullough, writing of the Panama Canal

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What is a City?

• Human beings began as hunter-gatherers
• Agriculture allowed people to stay in one place
• As people gathered in communities, it made
  possible specialization of labor
• But it also forced people to develop physical
  infrastructure

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What Did People Need to Live in Cities?

• Shelter
• Distribution system for food, clothing, other
  goods
• Common infrastructure
• Marketplaces
• Public gathering areas
• Government facilities

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• Transportation systems
• Potable water
• Sewage disposal
• Eventually, other utilities
• Natural gas
• Electricity
• Telecommunications

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Public Infrastructure is

• Roads and bridges
• Water, storm water, and waste water distribution
  systems
• Water treatment facilities
• Locks, dams, and railroads
• Electrical distribution systems
• Schools

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Differences between public and private
infrastructure

• Private infrastructure is created for the benefit
  of the owner
• Public infrastructure is created for the benefit
  of the user
• In public infrastructure, there is a disconnect
  between level of service and the organization
  responsible for maintenance of the level of
  service.

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Role of Infrastructure

• Economic productivity - correlation between GDP
  and infrastructure investment (identified by
  Aschauer)
• Communication, education, health, safety,
  mobility and standard of living.

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Role of infrastructure in society
Social System
Economic system
Man-made Infrastructure
Natural Environment
Grigg 1988
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Current trends in management of public
infrastructure

• Transition from a period of construction to
  operations and management.
• Demands on for greater efficiency, reliability,
  and capacity are increasing.
• Increased financial and resource accountability
• Increasing need for knowledge of tradeoffs
  between
• Capital costs and O/M costs
• Competing public sector services
• Alternative technologies and modes
• System preservation and expansion or improvement

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Private Sector Involvement

• Direct private sector participants
• Interest groups
• Civic groups
• Owner/operators

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Direct Private-Sector Participants

• Contractors
• Other construction interests
• Materials equipment suppliers
• Labor
• Consultants
• Engineering architectural
• Design
• Construction management
• Technical specialty
• Project management
• Financial
• Legal

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Interest Groups

• Business
• Neighborhood
• Environmental
• Non-construction labor

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Civic Groups

• General civic
• Business
• Planning
• Special-purpose
• Education
• Economic development

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Owner/Operators

• Utilities
• Building owners
• Transportation
• Railroads
• Pipelines
• Trucking

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Inter-Organizational Relationships

• How do these inter-relationship and mixed
  objectives impact the infrastructure, finance,
  delivery, and maintenance of service process?
• What are some of the institutional issues?

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What is infrastructure management?

• Process of maintaining and operating existing
  infrastructure in a cost effective manner.
• Infrastructure management / asset management /
  facility management
• Proactive process for stewardship of assets
• Criteria for individual asset and system
  performance
• Policies for maintenance, rehabilitation, and
  restoration
• Measure and monitoring of systems performance
• Allocation of resources
• Feedback, adjustment, and improvement of systems

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Framework for Infrastructure Management

• The thrust
• Preservation of the condition and value of asset
  (the contribution made by our generation to asset
  legacy)
• Key success criteria
• Integrate organizational goals into capital,
  preservation, and maintenance decision-making
  processes
• Three levels of management
• Program/network/systems-wide
• Project selection
• Project design level
• Key features
• Ongoing, in-service monitoring and evaluation
• A system database

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Asset level decisions

• Economic life (planning measure)
• Minimizes the average cost of ownership
• Physical life
• Can no longer perform designed function
• Depreciation life
• Anticipated life for accounting purposes
• Functional life
• Life ended by functional obsolescence
• Renewal decision
• Based on conditions at the time or within the
  decision making period

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Average Annual Cost
Initial plus maintenance and operating costs
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Asset level decisions

• Address physical condition
• Preservation of investment
• Address user needs
• Capacity, safety or operational improvements
• Alternative modes (inter-modal, cross-model)
• Transit vs. highway
• Competing public services
• Transportation vs. education

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Life Cycle

• Birth to death or cradle to grave
• Includes planning, design, construction,
  operation, replacement and disposal.
• Conception and birth (planning, design and
  construction) receive a disproportionate share of
  attention from engineers, politicians and
  administrators.

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Asset Management Systems

• Must consider all individual assets life-cycle
  conditions together.
• Must consider common resource limitations.
• Must consider policy on asset and network
  conditions.

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A Simple View of Asset Management

• Defining goals
• Planning and programming
• Acquiring, manipulating and using data
• Implementing programs
• Monitoring outcomes

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A Simple View

• This has planning, engineering, financial and
  public policy aspects
• It depends on sound engineering practice, and
  sound planning practice
• It also depends on sound management and sound
  political practice

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Simple View

• You need a goal
• You need a plan to attain the goal
• You need data and analytic systems to formulate a
  plan
• The organization must be able to implement the
  plan
• You need to be able to monitor the performance of
  your system to know if the goal was met

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Homework for next week

• Read the 1st and 2nd chapter from
• Text Book (Infrastructure Management)