THE EXPANDED SPACE-BASED COMPONENT OF THE WORLD WEATHER WATCH

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Unparalleled International Co-operationThe
Expanded Space-Based Component of theWMO World
Weather Watchs Global Observing
System -------------
HansPeter Roesli Chairman, CBS OPAG IOS Expert
Team on Satellite System Utilization and
Products World Meteorological Organization
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World Weather Watchs space-based component of
the Global Observing System

• WMO and UN Overview
• Global applications and users
• Expanded space-based component of the GOS
• WMO Space Programme

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WMO and UN - Historical Background

• Aug 1853 First International Meteorological
  Congress
• Sept 1873 IMO created as a non-governmental body
• Jun 1945 Creation of the United Nations
• Feb 1946 Extraordinary Conference of Directors of
  NMSs
• Sept 1947 Conference of Directors adopt WMO
  Convention
• Mar 1950 Entry into force of WMO Convention
• Dec 1951 Specialized Agency of UN
• Membership ( May 2002) 185 States and Territories

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Purposes of WMO

• To facilitate world-wide cooperation in the
  establishment of networks of stations for the
  making of meteorological observations as well
  as hydrological and other geophysical
  observations related to meteorology, and to
  promote the establishment and maintenance of
  centres charged with provision of meteorological
  and related services
• To promote the establishment and maintenance of
  systems for the rapid exchange of meteorological
  and related information
• To promote standardization of meteorological and
  related observations and to ensure the uniform
  publication of observations and statistics
• To further the application of meteorology to
  aviation, shipping, water problems, agriculture
  and other human activities
• To promote activities in operational hydrology
  and to further close cooperation between
  Meteorological and Hydrological Services
• To encourage research and training in
  meteorology and, as appropriate, in related
  fields, and to assist in coordinating
  international aspects of such research and
  training.

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Organizational Structure

• Congress, supreme body, determines the future
  policy (meets every 4 years)
• Executive Council, 36 Directors of Meteorological
  or Hydrometeorological Services. They act in
  their individual capacities (meets annually)
• Regional Associations (6) - Address regional
  concerns
• Technical Commissions (8) - Technical experts
  make recommendations on scientific or technical
  issues within the purposes of WMO
• Secretariat with Regional (3) and subregional (4)
  Offices

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WMOSA Main long-term objectives

• (i) Participate in the development of the Global
  Observing System (GOS) as a composite system,
  particularly for upper-air observing based on an
  optimal mix of observing components, including
  ground-based remote-sensing, mobile observing
  platforms, satellite and Global Position
  System-Meteorology (GPS-MET). GOS support to
  meeting GCOS requirements for climate monitoring
  and prediction will also be a priority goal
• (ii) Assist Members in the transition of the
  low-resolution imagery satellite services from
  analogue to digital under complex operational
  conditions
• (iii) Promote satellite-related high quality
  continuing education to keep the knowledge and
  skill of Members operational and scientific staff
  up-to-date with the latest technological
  innovations, and to provide the competence and
  skills needed in related fields, such as
  communication with users
• (iv) Provide information, advice and guidance to
  Members on satellite-related technological
  developments as well as on changes in relevant
  existing meteorological and hydrological
  operation systems to enable them to develop plans
  for objective and wise investment actions.

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• On April 1, 1960 the first U.S.
• weather satellite was
• launched from
• Cape Canaveral, FL

• SATELLITES AND THE WWW
• UN Resolution No. 1721 for international
  co-operation in the peaceful uses of outer space
  approved 20 December 1961
• Advent of satellites offered substantial
  opportunities for improvements in meteorological
  services
• Called on WMO to lead a study and report on
  recommendations of the UN Resolution
• Report delivered in June 1962
• First report on the advancement of atmospheric
  sciences and their application in the light of
  developments in outer space
• Birth of World Weather Watch

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Global system of geostationary satellites
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Global system of near-polar orbiting satellites
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Global applications and users

• Observing the Land Surface
• Land Surface Parameters
• Floods
• Forest Fires
• Vegetation Cover
• Drought Crop Monitoring
• Climate Applications
• Climate Indicators
• Verification of Climate Models
• Ocean Climate Models
• Monitoring El Niño
• Forecasting Applications
• Synoptic Analysis
• Numerical Weather Prediction
• Nowcasting
• Tropical Storms

• Observing the Atmosphere
• Cloud Imagery
• Temperature and Humidity
• Winds
• Precipitation
• Atmospheric Chemistry
• Volcanic Ash
• Dust, Smoke and Aerosols
• Observing the Ocean Surface
• Sea-Surface Temperatures
• Ocean-Surface Winds
• Ocean Ice
• Ocean-Level and Waves
• Ocean-Surface Biology

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Disaster Related Phenomena

• Atmospheric Chemistry
• Volcanic Ash
• Dust, Smoke and Aerosols
• Floods
• Forest Fires
• Drought Crop Monitoring
• Tropical Storms

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Global applications and users (examples)
Cloud Imagery
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Global applications and users (examples)
Volcanic eruptions
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Global applications and users (examples)
Dust, Smoke and Aerosols
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Global applications and users (examples)
Sea-Surface Temperatures
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Global applications and users (examples)
Floods
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Global applications and users (examples)
Forest Fires
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Global applications and users (examples)
Monitoring Climate Change
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Global applications and users (examples)
Monitoring Tropical Storms
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Global applications and users (examples)
Monitoring El Niño
SST for 3 different Decembers
1988
1990
1998
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Expanded space-based component of the GOS

• NASA confirmed its commitment to make
  observations available without
  restriction (applies to all relevant missions
  including Aqua, Terra, NPP, TRMM, GPM and
  QuickSCAT)
• NASAs missions de facto part of the space-based
  component of the GOS
• NASDA indicated present and future satellite
  missions including TRMM, AMSR-E onboard Aqua,
  ADEOS II and the GCOM series should be
  considered part of the new RD constellation
  for the space-based component of the GOS

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Expanded space-based component of the GOS

• ESA has established a dialogue towards the
  availability of specific data and products from
  ESAs ENVISAT mission
• ESA intends to jointly organise a dedicated,
  specific AO to foster the use of data
• Rosaviakosmos confirmed that experimental and
  RD instruments on board its operational
  METEOR 3M N1 satellite as well as on its future
  Ocean series and other missions could be
  considered as a potential contribution to the
  space-based component of the GOS

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WWWs space-based component of the GOS (2002)
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WMO Space Programme

• Guiding principles optimisation of the
  space-based system and the use of existing WMO
  structures
• Inclusion of RD satellite systems increases the
  need for coordination mechanisms
• - Unique coordination needs between WMO and RD
  space agencies
• - Coordination between operational and RD space
  agencies in such areas as frequency coordination,
  orbit coordination including equator
  crossing-times, standardization of data formats,
  standardization of user stations

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WMO Space Programme (continued)

• WMO has proposed an expansion of the present
  mechanisms for coordination
• - increased cooperation between WMO and the
  operators of operational and RD satellites, and
• - within the WMO structure
• Expand CGMS to include RD space agencies
  contributing to the space-based component of the
  GOS

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WMO Space Programme (continued)

• WMO agreed to establish a WMO Space Programme as
  a matter of priority
• Scope, goals and objectives respond to the
  considerable growth in the utilisation of
  environmental satellite data, product and
  services within the expanded space-based
  component of the GOS

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WMO Space Programme (continued)

• Activities
• - Regional workshops to make WMO Members aware of
  new capabilities
• - Education and training events for RD satellite
  data and products
• - Workshops to identify selected instruments for
  transition from RD to operational
• Consultative Meetings on High-Level Policy on
  Satellite Matters to be institutionalised to
  more formally establish the dialogue with, and
  participation of environmental satellite
  agencies in WMO matters

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International coordination

• CGMS (Coordination Group for Meteorological
  Satellites)
• CEOS (Committee on Earth Observation Satellites)
• IGOS (Integrated Global Observing Strategy)
  Partnership
• Inter-agency Meeting on Outer Space Activities
• COPUOS

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Exciting times for WMO Members

• Space-based component of the GOS greatly
  expanded
• Provides valuable satellite data, products and
  services more so than ever before in the history
  of the World Weather Watch
• WMO forward looking in establishing a new WMO
  Space Programme which will provide for both
  external and internal coordination necessary to
  maximize the exploitation of the new GOS

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Thank you