Onion three layers

1
Onion three layers

• Group 3 Dr. Samiha
• Jorden,Palastine,Pakistan,Saudia

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Step 2 Laboratory and diagnostic activities for
Undetected cases

• 2.1 Laboratory Network
• Establish/upgrade infrastructure of laboratory
  services to ensure enough access to TB diagnostic
  services
• Existence of an EQA
• Establish and implement human resource
  development scheme for laboratory personnel
• Sustain a system of supervision

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Step 2 Laboratory and diagnostic activities for
Undetected cases

• Quality of Diagnosis
• Primary defaulter rate (patients who are
• diagnosed but not registered at TB register)
• Proportion of smear positive cases among all
  pulmonary TB cases Contribution of culture to
  diagnosis

4
Step 7 Monitoring and evaluation system, and
impact measurement

• Detailed analysis of TB surveillance data
• Epidemiological surveys and studies on TB
• Direct estimation of TB burden
• Indirect measures for estimation of TB burden

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Step 7 Monitoring and evaluation system, and
impact measurement

• Indicators
• Trend of age-specific notification rate
• Comparison of TB deaths between NTP vital
  statistics
• Trend of sex ratio of cases
• Prevalence of infection (tuberculin survey)
• Prevalence of disease (disease prevalence
  surveys)

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Step 8 Monitoring and Evaluation system

• Activities
• Programme performance in detecting cases
• Measurement of the current recording and
  reporting system
• Improvement in recording and reporting system
• Detailed analyses of routinely collected data

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Step 8 Monitoring and Evaluation system

• Indicators
• Completeness of RECORDING report (manual or
  Computer)
• Timeliness of report submission
• Accuracy consistancy of report submitted
• Human resource development for surveillance
• Supervision activities and Feedback
• Presence of annual report of NTP
• Existence of computerized system for M E (e.g.
  e-nominal registration system)
• All quality parameters applicable to recording
  and reporting