Jason Hong and James Landay

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• Jason Hong and James Landay
• University of California Berkeley
• Group for User Interface Research

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Motivation

• Sketching is useful in many settings

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Survey of Informal Ink Apps

• Creative / Design
• SILK
• Music Notepad
• Knight
• Elec. Cocktail Napkin
• Teddy
• PatchWork

• Capture
• ZenPad
• NotePals
• Dynomite
• FiloChat
• Others
• Pegasus
• XLibris
• PerSketch
• Kramer's Patches

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Example - Elec. Cocktail Napkin
Gross and Do (UIST96)
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Example - Flatland
Igarashi, Edwards, LaMarca, and Mynatt (AVI2000)
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Common Features

• Pen input as ink or gesture
• Stroke is pen input from dragging
• Ink is a stroke that stays on-screen
• Gesture is a stroke that activates a command
• Recognize ink as objects
• Transformation / clean-up of ink
• Immediate / deferred processing of ink

erase me
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Common Features

• Contain objects in addition to ink
• Selecting and moving objects
• Grouping of objects
• Layering of objects

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Related Work

• Commercial Software Support
• Newton OS
• PenPoint
• Microsoft Windows for Pen Computing
• Windows CE
• Palm OS
• Problems
• Form-based and handwriting interfaces
• Not easily extensible for building informal ink
  apps

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Related Work

• Research Software Support
• ArtKit (Henry et. al. 1990)
• Garnet Pen Int. (Landay et. al. 1993)
• Patches (Kramer, 1994)
• OOPS (Mankoff et. al. 2000)
• Problems
• Need more reusable libraries for handling and
  processing strokes
• Need more extensibility so lots of kinds
  of informal ink apps can be built

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Problems

• Software infrastructure support for informal ink
  apps rudimentary
• Pen-based interaction techniques difficult to
  implement
• Similar to GUI development in 1980s
• Lots of applications interaction techniques
• Need cohesive frameworks toolkits

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Goals of SATIN

• Toolkit support for informal ink apps
• Provide reusable mechanisms for handling
  processing strokes
• Separate mechanism from policy
• Be extensible for new kinds of apps
• Reusable widgets for pens
• Distribute this toolkit for use

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Overview

• Motivation
• Survey of Informal Ink Applications
• Two Applications Built with SATIN
• SATIN Architecture Overview
• Conclusions

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DENIM
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SketchySPICE
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SketchySPICE
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SketchySPICE
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Some Metrics
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Overview

• Motivation
• Survey of Informal Ink Applications
• Two Applications Built with SATIN
• SATIN Architecture Overview
• Conclusions

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Architecture Overview
Application
SATIN relies on Java2D and Swing
Applications use SATIN, can use Java2D and Swing
SATIN
Swing
Java2D
Java Core Classes
Java Virtual Machine
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Architecture Overview
SATIN can be broken into twelve concepts
Recognizers
Views
Transitions
Interpreters
Scenegraph
Rendering
Stroke Libraries
Notification
Events
Widgets
Clipboard
Command
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Recognizers

• Problem - many recognition techniques
• Recognizers let new recognition technologies be
  plugged into SATIN
• Given a stroke, return n-best list
• No actions taken
• SATIN comes with Rubine's Recognizer (implemented
  by Chris Long)

Recognizer
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Interpreters

• Problem many ways of handling strokes
• Interpreters let new ways of handling strokes be
  plugged into SATIN
• e.g. straighten a line
• e.g. issue a command

Ink Interpreter
Gesture Interpreter
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Interpreters and Recognizers

• Decoupled recognition (Recognizers) from actions
  (Interpreters)
• Interpreters can use recognizers
• Both are modules that can be plugged into apps
  built with SATIN

Interpreter
Recognizer
Cut
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Multi-Interpreters

• Problem Hard to combine and extend existing
  interpreters
• Multi-Interpreters are a collection of
  interpreters dispatch policy
• e.g. dispatch to chain of interpreters
• e.g. disable some interpreters on context

Default Multi Interpreter
Intrp A
Intrp Z
Intrp B

Semantic Zoom Multi Interpreter
Intrp A
Intrp Z
Intrp B
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Scenegraph
Sheet
Denim Label (Patch)
Denim Sketch (Patch)
Phrase (Patch)
Timed Stroke

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Stroke Dispatching

• Needed an approach that enabled
• Individual objects handle strokes on own
• Priority to gestures over ink
• Default policy is top-down dispatch
• Process stroke with its gesture interpreter
• Re-dispatch stroke to one of its children
• Process stroke with its ink interpreter
• Handle stroke in object itself

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Stroke Dispatching
Sheet
Denim Label (Patch)
Denim Sketch (Patch)
Phrase (Patch)
Timed Stroke
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Stroke Dispatching
1. Process stroke with gesture interpreter
Sheet
Sheet
Denim Label (Patch)
Denim Sketch (Patch)
Phrase (Patch)
Timed Stroke

Default Multi Interpreter
Hold Select Intrp
Standard Gesture Intrp
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Stroke Dispatching
Sheet
Denim Label (Patch)
Denim Sketch (Patch)
Phrase (Patch)
Timed Stroke
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Stroke Dispatching
1. Process stroke with gesture interpreter
Sheet
Sheet
Denim Label (Patch)
Denim Sketch (Patch)
Phrase (Patch)
Timed Stroke

Default Multi Interpreter
Hold Select Intrp
Standard Gesture Intrp
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Stroke Dispatching
2. Re-dispatch stroke to children
Sheet
Denim Label (Patch)
Denim Sketch (Patch)
Denim Sketch (Patch)
Phrase (Patch)
Timed Stroke
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Stroke Dispatching
1. Process stroke with gesture interpreter
Sheet
Denim Label (Patch)
Denim Sketch (Patch)
Denim Sketch (Patch)
Phrase (Patch)
Timed Stroke
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Stroke Dispatching
2. Re-dispatch stroke to children
Sheet
Denim Label (Patch)
Denim Sketch (Patch)
Denim Sketch (Patch)
Phrase (Patch)
Timed Stroke
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Stroke Dispatching
3. Process stroke with ink interpreter
Sheet
Denim Label (Patch)
Denim Sketch (Patch)
Denim Sketch (Patch)
Phrase (Patch)
Timed Stroke
Phrase Interpreter
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Stroke Dispatching
4. Handle stroke in object
Sheet
Denim Label (Patch)
Denim Sketch (Patch)
Denim Sketch (Patch)
Phrase (Patch)
Timed Stroke
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Stroke Dispatching
Sheet
Denim Label (Patch)
Denim Sketch (Patch)
Phrase (Patch)
Timed Stroke
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Example - Cut Shallow
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Example - Cut Deep
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Reusable Stroke Libraries
Straighten
Merge
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Reusable Stroke Libraries
Split
Simplify
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Widgets

• Pie Menus
• Pen PLAF
• Swing "Pluggable Look And Feel"
• Larger and clickable sliders
• Single-click
• file opener

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Conclusions

• SATIN - Java toolkit for informal ink apps
• Extensible thru Recognizers, Interpreters,
  and Multi-Interpreters
• Separates mechanism from policy for strokes
• Offers reusable libraries for manipulating ink
• Reusable widgets for pens

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Download SATIN
Download SATIN at
http//guir.berkeley.edu/projects/satin
http//guir.berkeley.edu
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Extra Slides
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DENIM
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DENIM
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Survey of Informal Ink Apps

• Elec. Cocktail Napkin
• Flatland
• Pegasus
• FiloChat
• Zenpad
• PerSketch
• Teddy
• PatchWork

• XLibris
• NotePals
• Dynomite
• SILK
• Tivoli
• Kramer's Patches
• Music Notepad
• Knight

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Architecture Overview
SATIN can be broken into twelve concepts

• Recognizers
• Interpreters
• Scenegraph
• Stroke Libraries
• Widgets
• Views

• Rendering
• Transitions
• Clipboard
• Notifications
• Commands
• Events