BUS 270

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BUS 270

• Chapter 2

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Status

• Were on the Web
• Our data is on Mainframes
• Old solution Download to Web servers
• New solution Middleware
• Middleware translates Mainframeze to Webeze
• Allowing Web Browsers to be used to get host data
  directly

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Commercial

• Not always wise to do this
• Some functions become very heavy recourse users
  they take up a lot of memory and CPU
• It is often better to have these power users on
  a separate system

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Example

• For example Citibank Cards had a data Warehouse
  or central repository of all customer data which
  totaled 7 terabytes
• A terabyte is 1 billion
• That would take a lot of processing, and if you
  are only interested in Michigan accounts it
  doesnt make sense to do that

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Webifying

• But Webifying the host is now the game
• And there is lots to do for those who understand
  both environments
• Processing language such as COBOL
• WEB software such as JAVA
• And can do the translation with middleware

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Because

• Why put in more equipment?
• And why write more code than you need to, just to
  get access?
• But you still want access from anyplace
• And common user screens

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Trends

• We still use terms such as Mainframes and PCs
• But Minis have become Midrange and appear in a
  verity of forms
• And many specialty applications have appeared
  such as network management
• Finally, the biggest trend has been networking
  computers
• Client/Server
• Distributed Processing

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History of Hardware

• First generation Tubes Like light bulbs for
  each On/Off switch
• Took a lot of
• Space
• Power
• And cooling (light bulbs get hot)

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History of Hardware

• Second generation Transistors
• Got smaller and more efficient
• Third generation integrated circuits packing
  transistors or circuits onto a slice of silicone
• Smaller and better yet
• Forth generation Microprocessors condensing
  further the packing of transistors onto a
  single silicone chip
• Even smaller and better

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Note

• These generations do not correspond to software
  generations!

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Types of systems

• Include
• Microcomputers which break down into
• PCs (Desk and laptop)
• Workstations
• Personal assistants (specialized)
• Multimedia systems (expansion of PCs)
• Network computers (Failing)
• Terminals (not really a computer)

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Types of systems

• Midrange (Web servers, small processing,
  engineering or science work network management)
• Mainframes
• Supercomputers
• Minisupercomputers (Web)
• Note I treat super computers as a separate
  category, but it maybe OK to categorize
  supercomputers as powerful mainframes and
  minisupercomputers as midrange

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Types of systems

• It all comes from three things
• Ecommerance
• Datamining
• Networking

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Parallel Processing

• Most computers do one thing at a time
• Mainframes may have a half dozen processor to
  divide up task with
• Parallel processors link large numbers of
  processors, braking up the task into small parts,
  which then have to be linked
• Difficult to do but can speed things up a lot
  if done right

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Technical Note

• See page 62
• Covered in my computing introduction
• Bit more detail in book

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Expanding on Hardware

• In intro we looked at primary components
• Input devices
• Output devices
• Storage devices
• Now lets Look at more detail

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Input

• Pointing devices
• Mouse
• GUI
• Trackballs
• Sticks
• Touchpad
• Touch Screen

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Input

• Pen based signed name at store or UPS??
• Can get notepad that you write on and it
  translates to computereze
• Wouldnt that be nice for notes?
• Voice recognition
• Was hard because so many ways to say something
• IBM new operating system understands us instead
  of other way around
• 2 years????

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Input

• Optical scan
• Other
• Mag stripe
• Smart card chip
• MICR
• magnetic ink character recognition
• checks

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Output

• Video
• Printed
• Speech???
• Screen

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Storage

• History
• Expensive so used tape
• Became cheap
• Magnetic
• Sequential access Tape
• Direct access or DASD or hard drive
• Optical

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Thats all folks