PLANT DISEASES: CONCEPTS, CAUSES, SYMPTOMS, AND MANAGEMENT

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PLANT DISEASESCONCEPTS, CAUSES, SYMPTOMS,AND
MANAGEMENT

• S. KRISHNA MOHAN
• UNIVERSITY OF IDAHO
• PARMA

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WHAT ARE THE CAUSESOF DISEASES IN PLANTS?
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CAUSES OF DISEASES IN PLANTS

• Biotic/Infectious/
• Parasitic/Pathogenic
• FUNGI
• BACTERIA PHYTOPLASMAS
• VIRUSES
• NEMATODES
• PARASITIC PLANTS

• Abiotic/Non-infectious/
• Non-parasitic/Non-pathogenic
• Temperature Extremes
• Moisture Extremes
• Low Light
• Air Pollution
• Soil pH
• Nutrient Deficiencies
• Mineral Toxicities
• Pesticide Toxicity
• Cultural Practices

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AIR POLLUTION

• Mostly gaseous
• Ozone (O3)
• Sulfur dioxide (SO2)
• Nitrogen dioxide (NO2)
• Automobiles, Internal Combustion Engines,
  Smelters, Power Plants, Industries
• Exhausts, Emissions

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ACID RAIN

• Combustion of oil, coal natural gas
• Release SO2 and NO2
• Dissolve in atmospheric moisture
• Form Sulfuric Acid and Nitric Acid
• Adversely affect Soil, Water, Plants, Animals.

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CAUSES OF DISEASES IN PLANTS

• Biotic/Infectious/Parasitic
• FUNGI
• BACTERIA PHYTOPLASMAS
• VIRUSES
• NEMATODES
• PARASITIC PLANTS

• Abiotic/Non-infectious/Non-parasitic
• Temperature Extremes
• Moisture Extremes
• Low Light
• Air Pollution
• Soil pH
• Nutrient Deficiencies
• Mineral Toxicities
• Pesticide Toxicity
• Cultural Practices

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Dodder Cuscuta sp.
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Dwarf mistletoe Arceuthobium sp.
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