CROSSING BORDERS: MIGRATION IN EUROPE

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CROSSING BORDERSMIGRATION IN EUROPE
I.T.C. Alberto Pitentino Mantova / ITALY

• European Educational Project
• L.L.P. - Comenius
• 2007/2008

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Right of citizenship
The right of citizenship, according to laws and
rules in different countries, is given to any
child. Right of citizenship by birth is for IUS
SANGUINIS the child born from married citizens
or the legitimized child born out of the
wedlock. IUS SOLI the child born within the
territory of the State is citizen. In all the
examined countries CITIZENSHIP is granted to
children born to stateless parents, or to
abandoned children of unknown parents. The
adopted child obtains automatically the
citizenship of the adoptive parents. Finland
also the children of refugees parents obtain the
citizenship. (Nationality Act 359/2003) Germany
the children born to foreign parents obtain the
citizenship. However one of the parents must have
been resident in Germany for at least eight
years. (Staatsangehörigkeitsgesetz 2005 and
Ausländergesetz 1999 with amendments)
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Citizenship for marriage
An application for citizenship must be
presented FINLAND after three years of living
together or of marriage and four years of
residence GERMANY after two years of marriage
and three years of residence, with mandatory
verifications in order to prevent fake
marriages GREECE after three years of
residence if there are children born from the
wedlock ITALY after six months of residence
since the wedding celebrated in the state, or
after three years even without residence, if the
wedding has been celebrated abroad.
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SPECIAL TERMS
In special cases you can get citizenship more
easily, after two years of residence, for
example if your parents or grandparents were
citizens of the state and this is true for all
the examined countries. For the foreigners of
legal age, born and permanently residing in the
country, citizenship is granted on special terms.
(Finnish Nationality Act 359/2003, Greek
Citizenship Act November 2004 and Italian
Citizenship law 91/92) In Finland this is also
true for all Norse citizens like Danish,
Icelanders, Norwegian and Swedish. In Greece the
foreigners of Greek descent who have enlisted in
the Army can get immediate citizenship. Only
citizens, enjoy full freedom of movement and stay
and all the civil, social, economic rights, above
all political. (the right of vote and of being
elected)
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Citizenship application
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Stay permit

• Stay permit, given for various reasons, may be
  temporary or permanent.
• To enter the examined countries you need
• Identity card or passport if coming from a EU
  state.
• Passport if coming from a non-EU state.
• Compulsory visa on the passport if coming from
  some non-EU states.
• For an over-three-month stay you need
• to apply for a temporary stay permit to the
  Immigration Bureau (Finland and
• Germany) or to the Police (Greece and Italy)
• to satisfy the necessary and different
  requirements in the four countries.
• EU citizens have the right to enter and stay,
  except for specific restrictions, on the ground
  of various European rules (Agreement and
  Convention of Schengen, Directive 38/2004, EU
  Rules), in order to live, work and study, or to
  apply for a job, with the only obligation of
  registration after three months at the
  authorities in charge in every country.
• 
  

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CHANGE FROM TEMPORARY TO PERMANENT STAY PERMIT
FINLAND (Aliens Act 301/2004 and amendments up to
619/2007) In the first four years it is necessary
to renew the permit every year. After four years
the permit becomes permanent. Special terms for
immigrates of Finnish descent coming from the ex
URSS, Danish and Swedish citizens (EU), and
citizens of Iceland, Norway, Liechtenstein,
Switzerland. (widened Europe) GERMANY
(Ausländergesetz 1999) In the first five years it
is necessary to renew the permit every
year. After five years the permit becomes
permanent. Special terms for Jews from the
ex-URSS countries, and for high-skilled workers.
GREECE (Entry and Stay of Aliens in Greek
Territory Law 2910/2001 and amendments up to
3146/2003) For the first six years the renewal
application is every year, from six to nine
years every two. After ten years the visa
becomes permanent. Special terms for Greek or of
Greek descent return immigrants. ITALY
(Immigration Law 189/2002, called Bossi-Fini,
with amendments) In the first five years it is
necessary to renew the permit every year or every
two years. After five years the visa becomes
permanent. The permanent visa is valid without
time-limit, it gives freedom of movement and stay
and of job application regardless of the quota
system. The permit obligatorily becomes permanent
after five years for EU citizens who work in a
foreign country, on the ground of European Laws.
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NECESSARY PREREQUISITIES for non-EU workers to
get the 1 PERMIT OF STAY
FINLAND Employers or workers application to
Finnish Consulate in the workers
country Guarantee of sufficient income or means
of support Language courses of Finnish or
Swedish and training courses organized for
foreigners welcome and integration. GERMANY New
workers admission according to annual
immigration quota Employers application, with
employees work contract Workers certificate
of good health issued by a German doctor Private
health insurance Guarantee of sufficient income
or means of support Police clearance Fixed and
certified accommodation Compulsory free courses
of German, culture, history, civic education for
foreigners welcome and integration.
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NECESSARY PREREQUISITIES for non-EU workers to
get the 1 PERMIT OF STAY
GREECE You need new workers admission according
to annual immigration quota Employers
application, with employees work
contract Employers commitment to the workers
keeping, until the issueing of the stay permit,
equivalent to non-skilled workers three-month
wages Down-payment of expenses for possible
repatriation Workers certificate of good health
issued by a Greek doctor Private health
insurance Fixed and certified accomodation. ITAL
Y You need new workers admission according to
annual immigration quota Employers application,
with employees work contract Down-payment of
expenses for possible repatriation Fixed
accommodation guaranteed by the
employer Fingerprints (Bossi Fini Law) Police
clearance required only for permanent permit.