2D Information Spaces

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2-D Information Spaces

• cs5764 Information Visualization
• Chris North

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Powers of 10

• Charles Ray Eames

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Information Types

• Multi-dimensional databases,
• 1D timelines,
• 2D maps,
• 3D volumes,
• Hierarchies/Trees directories,
• Networks/Graphs web,
• Document collections digital libraries,

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2-D

• Image browsing
• Maps

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2-D large spaces

• http//terraserver.homeadvisor.msn.com/image.asp?S
  10T1X2689Y20639Z17W2

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Tasks?
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Detail Only

• Typical image browserMS PhotoEditor

• Typical map browsermapquest.com

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Zooming
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Zooming Pad

• Infinitely zoomable surface (Bederson et al.)
• Layout information in 2dscale
• Interaction panzoom
• Need more info?Just zoom in!
• Jazz

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Pad examples

• Authored spaces (user specified layouts)
• E.g filesystem replacement?, presentations,
  stories
• HiNote, Kidpad
• http//www.cs.umd.edu/hcil/jazz/play/
• http//vtopus.cs.vt.edu/north/infoviz/hinoteapple
  t.html
• Counterpoint powerpoint with zooming
• http//www.cs.umd.edu/hcil/counterpoint/

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Pad examples

• Automated layouts
• E.g File system,web history

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Pad examples

• In visualization

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Space-Scale
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Pad on edge
Info surface

• Like ray-tracing

zoom
window
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Semantic Zooming

• Zooming in, red object turns to blue

label
label
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Good/Bad

• Good
• Bad

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Good/Bad

• Good
• step back to get overview
• step forward for more details
• Infinite space for more details
• Visual scale ? conceptual scale
• Bad
• lose context when zoom in
• Get lost

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OverviewDetail
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OverviewDetail

• Overview Detail
• Zoom factor ?

Square in overview coupled to scroll bars of
detail
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Multiple levels large scale
overview
intermediate view
intermediate view
detail view

• Zoom factor ?

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Multiple Foci
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Multiple Overviews

• Can have different data types in each view

Color slice
CaT scan
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OD vs Detail-Only

• Beard Walker 2D
• Chimera trees
• North 1D (lists)
• Scrollbars are bad!

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Intermediate views?

• Plaisant, When an Intermediate view matters
• When gt20x

Overview
?
Detail view
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FocusContext
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Bifocal Display

• Leung, Bifocal displays

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Document Lens

• Robertson, Document Lens

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Moosburg

• moosburg.cs.vt.edu
• Wendy Schafer

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Distortion Functions

• Mapping from info surface to display surface

f
Information surface
Display surface
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Visual Transfer Functions
Display surface
Display surface
Information surface
Information surface
Identity function normal flat overview
Bifocal
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Magnification Functions
Bifocal
1st Derivative
Magnification
Magnification
Information surface
Information surface
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Bifocal Display
Disadvantage 1 dimensional stretching on the 4
sides
Bifocal
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Perspective Wall / Document Lens
Context shrinks gradually
Perspective
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NonLinear Magnification

• http//www.cs.indiana.edu/hyplan/tkeahey/research/
  nlm/nlm.html
• http//www.cs.indiana.edu/hyplan/tkeahey/research/
  papers/infovis.98.html

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Bubble
Disadvantage local context highly de-magnified
Bubble
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Fisheye, wide-angle lens
Disadvantage no flat area
Wide-angle
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FocusContext

• Bifocal
• Perspective
• Bubble
• Wide-angle

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Quiz TableLens

• Bifocal!

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Fisheye Menus

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Calendar

• Leung

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Why not magnifying glass?

• Hides local context

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FocusContext Screens

• Baudisch, Keeping things in context

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FC vs. OD

• -

• -

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FC vs. OD

• Scales up to larger data (zoom factor and
  chaining)
• Multi foci easier
• multiple overviews possible
• Easy to implement, Less math!
• Fast system performance
• - gt2 places to look (cross-eyed!)
• Tracking field-of-view box hard
• Hand-eye coordination problem
• - detail and overview disconnected
• - Windows/space management
• - replicates detail data in overview

• Space efficient
• Detail connected to context
• Smooth transition
• matches human vision/processing?(or fish?)
• Neato!
• - Distortion
• - Longer learning time
• - no flat overview - Need a way to turn off focus
• - Content moves differently than mouse,
  overshoot problem
• - zoom factors usually small

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Transparency

• Lieberman, Macroscope Powers of Ten Thousand

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2-D Attributes

• Dynamaps dynamic queries on maps

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Navigation Strategies

• Detail only detail without overview
• Zooming detail becomes overview
• OverviewDetail detail next to overview
• FocusContext detail within overview
• Transparency detail on top of overview
• FocusContext
• Distortion-oriented display
• Fisheye