Luftkvalitetsforvaltning i Kina NILUs erfaring og planer

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Luftkvalitets-forvaltning i KinaNILUs erfaring
og planer
Steinar Larssen steinar.larssen_at_nilu.no
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NILUs erfaringerHoved-temaLuftkvalitetsforvalt
ning i by-områder Urban AQ managementAndre
temaKobling mellom lokale tiltak og
klimarelaterte tiltak (co-benefits)
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Mange byer i Kina er meget forurenset, og
helse-effekter er åpenbareUrbaniseringen går
fortere og fortereKraftproduksjon, industri og
andre kilder gir også regional forurensning som
utsetter hele befolkningen for helse-påvirkning
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China still has a major air pollution problem

• Urban air pollution index (API) in a large number
  of cities is very much higher than the standard
  (API 1)

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NILU med partnere har erfaring fra - teknisk,
policy-rettet luftmiljø- forvaltning i en rekke
byer i Kina og Asia forøvrig, som inkluderer -
tiltaksanalyser, basert på- kostnadseffektivitet.

• Kina Guangzhou, Shanxi, Yantai
• Asia Mumbai, Jakarta, Manila,
  Kathmandu, Dhaka, Ho Chi Minh City,
  Hanoi

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NILU has developed Air Quality Management
Strategies in many large cities
Norway Several cities
Hungary Pecs
Shanxi
Yantai
Kathmandu
Guangzhou
Manila
Ho Chi Minh City
Bombay
Jakarta
Botswana
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Air Quality Management
Main objective
Enable actions to improve air quality
most cost-effective control options
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Air Quality Management Model
Dispersion modelling
Monitoring
Air Quality (Air pollution concentrations)
Emissions
Exposure assessment
Abatement measures/ regulations
Control options
Damage assessment
Cost analysis
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System Overview
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AQMS / AirQUIS in China

• Guangzhou Development of Air Pollution Action
  Plans 1996-2000
• Yantai Establishment of AP monitoring and
  modelling system 1996-2000
• Yantai Consolidation 2003-2005
• Shanxi Development of Provincial AP Master
  Plan. AirQUIS in Taiyuan, Datong, Yangquan
  2001-2005
• China National Env. Monitoring Station (CNEMC)
  ENSIS as national environmental data base
  2002-2005

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?????????????????Master Plan Against Air
Pollution in Shanxi Province

• Cost-benefit analysis
• ?????????????-????
• Using AIRQUIS in 3 cities ??????????? ??,??,??
• Best cost-benefit control options ?????????
• District heating ????
• Cleaning coal ???
• Natural gas ??????
• Desulfuration ??
• Shutdown and eliminate
• out-of-date processing
• technologies ??????????

Predicted 2010 Taiyuan SO2 levels
??????2010?SO2????
Taiyuan SO2 levels in 2010 (district heating
applied) ????????????2010?SO
2????
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Prioritized control scenarios
According to the cost-benefit analysis, the
resulting ranking of the emission control
scenarios is

• centralized heating,
• natural gas utilization,
• clean coal technologies,
• implementation of productivity policies,
• dust control,
• improved desulfurization in power plants.

However, the implementation of the state
productivity policies is mandatory without
preconditions, therefore with the priority over
others.
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Categories of Air Pollution control options in
P.R. China

• Economic structure adjustment
• Energy structure adjustment
• Cleaner production
• Process techn. improvement
• Industrial location adjustment

• Co-generation and district heating
• Ecological improvement
• End-of-pipe technologies (emission cleaning)
• Improving and implementation of environmental
  laws and regulations

Most of these classes of control options can be
analysed in terms of cost-effectiveness using AQM
tools such as AirQUIS
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NILUs planer for videre aktivitet i Kina

• Promotering av AQMS-konsept, og av AirQUIS
• Spesifikke prosjektmuligheter
• Shanxi-provinsen Provins-vid AQM,
  lokalt/regionalt/globalt
• Chongqing AQM-system for byen

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NILUs main message here(at the NEEC
matchmaking workshop in Beijing)

• We want to offer our expertise and tools to be
  used for effective Air Quality Management in
  Chinese cities
• We are seeking partners for this promotion

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