DISORDERS ASSOCIATED WITH THE IMMUNE SYSTEM

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DISORDERS ASSOCIATED WITH THE IMMUNE SYSTEM

• HYPERSENSITIVITY DISORDERS
• - ANAPHYLACTIC REACTIONS
• - CYTOTOXIC REACTIONS
• - IMMUNE COMPLEX REACTIONS
• - DELAYED TYPE CELL MEDIATED
• IMMUNE DEFICIENCIES
• AIDS

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Table 19.1
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TYPES OF HYPERSENSITIVITY

• Type I anaphylactic lt30 min IgE binds to
  basophils and mast cells to release histamines
  and other reactive substances as prostaglandins
  and leukotrienes. Systemic anaphylaxis or
  anaphylactic shock

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Type I anaphylactic
Figure 19.1 - Overview
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TYPE II HYPERSENSITIVITY

• Cytotoxic Reactions generally involve the
  activation of complement by IgM and or IgG.
  Transfusion reactions

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Table 19.2
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Figure 19.4 - Overview
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TYPE III IMMUNE COMPLEX

• Antigen antibody complexes depositied in organs
  and cause inflammatory damage.
• Glomerular nephritis

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TYPE IV DELAYED TYPE CELL MEDIATED
HYPERSENSITIVITY

• Caused by a subset of T lymphocytes
• ( TD). Causes inflammation associated with
  allergic reactions, contact dermatitis, and
  tissue transplant reactions. Instead of
  occurring within a few minutes, these reactions
  not apparent for a few days. A major factor in
  the delay is the time required for the
  participating cells to reach the site of the
  antigens.

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Table 19.4
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Figure 19.11 - Overview
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Figure 19.14 - Overview
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Figure 18.12 - Overview
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Figure 19.15
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