Title: Memory
1Memory
2The big question
3Early Studies
- Herman Ebbinghaus (1850 - 1909)
- On Memory
4Early Studies
- William James
- Principles of Psychology (1890)
- Primary Memory
- Secondary Memory
5Models of Memory
Waugh Norman (1965) Primary and Secondary
Memory
6Memory Models
W
augh Norman
s experiment
7Models of Memory
Attkinson Shiffrin (1968)
3-store model
rehearsal
Sensory
Long T
erm
Short T
erm
Store
Store
Store
8Models of Memory
9Models of Memory
10Models of Memory
11Models of Memory
Levels of Processing Theory (Craik Lockhart)
1. processing occurs at multiple levels
A
2. greater depth of processing causes more
durable memories
F
AC
3. maintenance (vs. elaboration) does not lead to
improvements in memory performance
12Criticisms of LOP
What do you think they are?
13Memory Models
14Models of Memory
15Models of Memory
16Forgetting
The Susan Nason story What is Forgetting? Failure
to remember OR Failure to encode memories in
durable forms?
17Explicit vs. Implicit Memory
Tulving et al. (1982) Dissociation between
implicit and explicit memory
18The Encoding Specificity Principle
Memory retrieval is a function of the degree
of overlap between features encoded during
learning and those present in the retrieval
environment
19The Encoding Specificity Principle
- Godden Baddeley (1975)
- Smith Vela (1992)
- Goodwin (1969)
- Bower (1981)
20False Memories
Memory for a past that never was