NetWareBased Networking

1
NetWare-Based Networking

• Ref Dean (2nd ed) Chapter 9

2
Overview

• Identify the advantages of using the NetWare
  network operating system
• Describe NetWares server hardware requirements
• Describe Netwares memory, directory structure,
  and file system architectures
• Explain how NetWare integrates with other
  networking operating systems

3
NetWare Versions

• In 1983, Novell introduced its NetWare network
  operating system
• Versions 3.1 and 3.1collectively known as
  NetWare 3.xwere introduced in the early 1990s
• Versions 4.0, 4.1, and 4.11collectively known as
  NetWare 4.xwere introduced in the mid-1990s
• NetWare 4.11 is sometimes referred to as
  IntraNetWare
• In 1998, Novell released version 5.0, and since
  has released versions 5.1 and 5.11collectively
  known as NetWare 5.x
• Version 6.0 released in 2001

4
Questions for selecting NOS

• Can it be integrated with existing
  infrastructure?
• Will it provide the security required by the
  networks resources?
• Can the technical staff manage it effectively?
• Will existing applications run smoothly on it?
• Will it accommodate future growth (that is, is it
  scalable)?
• Does it support additional services the networks
  users require?
• How much does it cost?
• What type of sort can be expected from the vendor?

5
Advantages of NetWare

• Novell provides extensive online support from its
  support Web site
• NetWare is optimal for file and print sharing
• NetWare offers native interoperability solutions
  for Macintosh-, DOS-, Windows-, OS/2-, and
  UNIX-based systems

6
Drawbacks of NetWare

• If there is a heavy dependence on enterprise-wide
  Microsoft solutions, consider forgoing a NetWare
  purchase
• If the technical staff prefer or demand a simple
  graphical interface, Windows NT Server may be a
  better choice
• NetWares graphical interfaces are less
  responsive or less intuitive than Microsofts
  graphical interface
• Version 6.0 addresses some of these disadvantages

7
NetWare Server Hardware
Table 9-1 Minimum hardware requirements for
NetWare 4.x and 5.0 servers
8
Determining the Optimal Hardware for a Server

• How many clients will connect to the server?
• What kind of applications will run on the server?
• How much storage space will each user need?
• How much down time is acceptable?
• What can the organization afford?

9
Determining the Optimal Hardware for a Server

• When considering NetWare, note the number of
  NetWare loadable modules (NLMs) used by each
  service
• NLMs are routines that enable the server to run a
  range of programs and offer a variety of services
• Each NLM consumes some of the servers memory and
  processor resources (at least temporarily)

10
NetWare Supports Multiprocessing

• In versions 4.x and higher, NetWare supports the
  use of as many as 32 processors on one server
• Takes advantage of symmetric multiprocessing
• To use NetWare 5.xs multiprocessing
  capabilities, simply install multiple processors
  in the server

11
NetWares Memory Model

• Whereas NetWare 4.x can use only physical memory,
  NetWare 5.x can work with both virtual memory and
  physical memory
• Protected mode
• A manner in which NetWare runs services in a
  separate memory area from the operating system
• Caching
• Process of saving frequently-used data to an area
  of the physical memory where it will be readily
  available for future purposes

12
Kernel Console Operations

• Kernel
• Core of the operating system
• Server console
• Network administrators primary interface to a
  NetWare server
• Monitor
• NLM that enables the system administrator to view
  server parameters such as protocols, bindings,
  system resources, and loaded modules

13
Monitor Screen of Console
Figure 9-1 NetWare console screen at the Monitor
menu
14
The NetWare File System

• NetWare does not allow you to specify the file
  system types in the same way that Windows 2000
  does
• It does offer its own high-performance file
  system that supports DOS, Macintosh, UNIX, OS/2,
  and Windows
• NetWare refers to FAT32 as traditional file system

15
Compression

• NetWare 4.x and 5.x both support file compression
• In both NetWare 4.x and 5.x, unless the network
  administrator specifically chooses to prevent
  compression, compression on the server is enabled
  automatically
• Compression does increase file access time
  slightly for this reason it is not recommended
  for extremely large files

16
Block Suballocation

• Technique for using hard disk space more
  efficiently
• Block
• Unit of disk space

Figure 9-2 Block suballocation
17
NetWare Directory Services (NDS)

• System for managing multiple servers and their
  resources objects
• Object is resource in an NDS tree, the logical
  representation of resources in a NetWare
  enterprise

FIGURE 9-3 Simple NDS tree
18
NetWare Directory Services (NDS)

• Container Objects
• Hierarchical arrangement of branches
• Also called organizational units

Figure 9-4 Two ways of grouping objects in an
NDS tree
19
NetWare Directory Services (NDS)
Figure 9-5 More complex NDS tree
20
Context

• Can be envisioned as a kind of road map for
  finding an object in an NDS tree
• Consists of an objects organizational unit names
  plus the organization name
• May be expressed in typeful or typeless notation

21
Context

• Kind of road map for finding an object in an NDS
  tree
• .zzz99.cis470.cbalabs.naulabs
• .major.resources.cbalabs.naulabs
• Consists of an objects organizational unit names
  plus the organization name
• May be expressed in typeful or typeless notation
• Typeful .CNzzz99.OUcis470.OUcbalabs.Onaulabs
• Typeless .zzz99.cis470.cbalabs.naulabs

22
Context

• Typeful notation
• Way of denoting an objects context in which the
  Organization and Organizational Unit designators
  are included
• Typeless notation
• Way of denoting an objects context in which the
  Organization and Organizational Unit designators
  are omitted

23
Schema

• Term used to refer to the set of
• objects
• hierarchy rules
• policies
• established for an NDS tree

24
NetWare Administrator Utility(NWAdmin)

• Being replaced by ConsoleOne in NM6
• Wont use in labs
• Use Web tools
• Web Manager
• Management Portal
• ZenWorks also available for admin

Figure 9-6 An NWAdmin interface
25
Portal Management
26
Web Manager
27
Planning for Installation

• Where does the server fit in the NDS tree?
• What name will the server have?
• How many and what kinds of network adapter cards
  will the server use?
• What protocols and network services should the
  server use?
• What kind of disk controllers does the server
  have?

28
Planning for Installation

• How many, how large, and what kind of volumes
  will the server require?
• What additional services will the server support?
• In a simple installation, the most popular
  installation options are already chosen
• In custom installation, its possible to
  determine which services and programs are
  installed
• What kind of license do I have?
• How can I remember all of this information?

29
The Installation Process

• NetWare can be installed from
• CD (most popular method)
• Floppy disks (not recommended)
• Another server on the network
• This process is called an over-the-wire
  installation

30
The Installation Process

• After performing a NetWare 5.x installation and
  restarting the machine, your server should be
  functional
• After installing a NetWare server, verify that
  you can log on to that server as administrator
  from a Windows 2000 or Windows 9x workstation
  using the Novell Client for NetWare

31
Using the NetWare Administrator Utility (NWAdmin)

• To make you server functional, you will need to
  add users and other objects to the NDS tree
• After adding objects, you may want to modify
  their properties or even delete them
• An important tool in NetWare server management is
  the NetWare Administrator utility (NWAdmin)

32
Using the NetWare Administrator Utility (NWAdmin)
Figure 9-7 NetWare Administrator window
33
Using the NetWare Administrator Utility (NWAdmin)
Figure 9-8 Create User dialog box
34
Using the NetWare Administrator Utility (NWAdmin)

• If you choose to establish a users home
  directory when creating that user ID, that user
  will have all rights to his or her home directory
  by default
• As a result, you do not have to assign Read,
  Write, Erase, or other rights for the users home
  directory later

35
Using the NetWare Administrator Utility (NWAdmin)

• After you have created NDS objects, you may want
  to change their properties
• To view or change the properties of any leaf
  object
• Right-click the object in the tree
• Choose Details from the menu that appears

36
Using the NetWare Administrator Utility (NWAdmin)
FIGURE 9-9 Password Restrictions window
37
Using the NetWare Administrator Utility (NWAdmin)

• You will find that your most frequent use of
  NWAdmin consist of
• Viewing objects
• Modifying objects
• Creating objects
• In short, NWAdmin is your link to managing your
  NDS tree

38
Internetworking with Other Operating Systems

• NDS eDirectory
• Works with NetWare 5.x operating systems and
  Windows NT or 2000 servers to enable Windows
  domains to appear as container objects in NWAdmin
• Provides a simple solution to a network
  administrator's challenge of integrating Windows
  2000 and NetWare

39
Internetworking with Other Operating Systems

• On the client side, Novell provides client
  software designed specifically for
• Windows 2000
• Windows NT
• Windows 9x
• OS/2
• Macintosh
• UNIX

40
Chapter Summary

• Currently, several versions of NetWare exist
• Both NetWare 4.1 and 5.x use NDS
• NetWare is optimal for file and print sharing
• NetWare offers native interoperability solutions
  for Macintosh-, DOS-, Windows-, OS/2-, and
  UNIX-based systems
• NetWare may not suite every organization

41
Chapter Summary

• To determine the NetWare servers requirements,
  consider the number of (NLMs) used by each
  service
• Add components to a NetWare server to enhance its
  fault tolerance and performance
• In versions 5.x and higher, NetWare supports up
  to 32 processors on one server and uses symmetric
  multiprocessing
• Whereas NetWare4.x can use only physical memory,
  NetWare 5.0 can use both physical and virtual
  memory
• At the heart of NetWare lies the kernel, or core
  of the operating system

42
Chapter Summary

• The network administrators primary interface to
  a NetWare server is the server console
• NetWare uses volumes as the basis for organizing
  files and directories on the server
• NetWare 4.x and 5.x both support file compression
• Block suballocation is a technique employed by
  NetWare for using hard disk space more
  efficiently
• A major development that Novell introduced with
  version 4.0 is NDS

43
Chapter Summary

• Before inserting the NetWare CD for installation
  of the operating system, consider the many
  factors the system will have
• NWAdmin is a graphical interface that runs from a
  Windows workstation and enables network
  administrators to manage NDS objects
• The NDS eDirectory tool enables Windows 2000
  domains to appear as container objects in NWAdmin