NetWareBased Networking

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NetWare-BasedNetworking

• Chapter Ten

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Introduction to NetWare

• In 1983, Novell introduced its NetWare network
  operating system
• Versions 3.1 and 3.1collectively known as
  NetWare 3.xwere introduced in the early 1990s
• Versions 4.0, 4.1, and 4.11collectively known as
  NetWare 4.xwere introduced in the mid-1990s
• NetWare 4.11 is sometimes referred to as
  IntraNetWare
• Began supporting TCP/IP
• First version of NetWare to supply
  Internet-related services
• NetWare 5.x 1998, Novell released version 5.0
• Released versions 5.1 and 5.11
• Collectively, they are known as NetWare 5.x
• NetWare 6.x most recent version is 6.5

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Advantages of NetWare

• Novell provides extensive online support from its
  support Web site
• NetWare is optimal for file and print sharing
• NetWare offers native interoperability solutions
  for Macintosh- (IPX), DOS-, Windows-, OS/2-, and
  UNIX-based systems
• Netware Administrator runs on Windows 3.1, 95,
  NT, 98, 2000, XP

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Services

• File-storage services
• eDirectory (Novell Directory Services)
• Security Services
• Print Services
• Application Services
• Storage Management Services

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Drawbacks of NetWare

• If there is a heavy dependence on enterprise-wide
  Microsoft solutions, consider forgoing a NetWare
  purchase
• If the technical staff prefer or demand a simple
  graphical interface, Windows NT Server may be a
  better choice
• NetWares graphical interfaces are less
  responsive or less intuitive than Microsofts
  graphical interface

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NetWare Server Hardware

• Novell NetWare 4.11
• Intel 386 processor or higher
• 20MB RAM
• VGA Video adapter and display
• NIC (Network Interface Card)
• 15MB DOS partition
• 75MB SYS partition
• CD-Rom
• NIC

• Novell NetWare 5.0
• Pentium processor
• 64MB RAM
• 35MB DOS partition
• 600MB SYS partition
• VGA Video adapter and display
• CD-Rom
• NIC

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NetWare Server Hardware

• Novell NetWare 6.5
• Pentium II, AMD K7, or better processor
• 512MB RAM
• 100MB DOS partition
• 2Gbyte to 4Gbyte partition
• VGA Video adapter and display
• CD-Rom
• NIC

• Noteworthy changes in NetWare 6.5
• iManager
• DirXML
• Capability for continuously backing up a server
  as it runs
• Server Consolidation Utility
• Popular open source Web development tools
• Virtual Office
• Branch Office
• Nterprise Linux Services

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Determining the Optimal Hardware for a Server

• NetWare Integrated Kernel
• Responsible for overseeing all critical server
  processes
• It manages multiprocessing, multitasking, and
  access to the servers interrupts, memory, and
  I/O functions
• When considering NetWare, note the number of
  NetWare loadable modules (NLMs) used by each
  service
• NLMs are routines that enable the server to run a
  range of programs and offer a variety of services

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A Closer Look at the NetWare Operating System

• Multiprocessing
• In versions 4.x and higher, NetWare supports the
  use of as many as 32 processors on one server
• Takes advantage of symmetric multiprocessing
• To use NetWare 5.0s and 6.xs multiprocessing
  capabilities, simply install multiple processors
  in the server
• Multiple processors, multitasking, and symmetric
  multiprocessing

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NetWares Memory Model

• Whereas NetWare 4.x can use only physical memory,
  NetWare 5.0, 5.5, 6.x, can work with both virtual
  memory and physical memory
• Protected mode
• Runs services in a separate memory area from the
  operating system
• Caching
• Process of saving frequently used data to an area
  of the physical memory where it will be readily
  available for future purposes

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NetWare Integrated Kernel

• Load or unload NLMs through servers console
• Enables network administrator to manage disks and
  volumes and modify server parameters
• Monitor text-based menu system
• ConsoleOne graphical menu system
• X Server NetWare 6.5 servers graphical desktop
• Remote Manager access console commands via Web
  browser on another network computer

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Planning for Installation

• How many, how large, and what kind of volumes
  will the server require?
• What additional services will the server support?
• In a simple installation, the most popular
  installation options are already chosen
• In custom installation, its possible to
  determine which services and programs are
  installed
• What kind of licenses do I have?
• How can I remember all of this information?

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Starting Novell NetWare 6.5

• C\NWSERVER
• SERVER.EXE
• NetWare Integrated Kernel

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NetWare Super User

• admin
• Account has complete access to all objects
• SUPERVISOR in Netware 3.x and before

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Console One
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The Kernel and Console Operations

• Kernel
• Core of the operating system
• Server console
• Network administrators primary interface to a
  NetWare server (ConsoleOne in Novell NetWare 5.x
  and 6.x)
• Monitor
• Enables the system administrator to view server
  parameters such as protocols, bindings, system
  resources, and loaded modules. Also allows the
  system administrator to modify these parameters.
  Command line based.

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The Kernel and Console Operations
NetWare console screen at the Monitor menu
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Remote Manager

• Access console commands through a Web browser on
  another computer on the network.

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The NetWare File System

• NetWare File System
• NSS (Novell Storage Services)
• A 64-bit interface, which results in fast data
  access
• Files or directories as large as 8 Terabytes (TB)
• Up to a trillion files in a single directory

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The NetWare File System

• NSS (Novell Storage Services)
• The ability to set user and directory space
  restrictions
• Advanced fault-tolerance techniques
• Efficient use of memory
• Browser-based volume management
• The ability to split volumes over multiple
  storage devices

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The NetWare File System

• Compression
• NetWare 4.x, 5.x, and 6.x support file
  compression
• NetWare versions 4.x, 5.x, and 6.x differ
  slightly in their default compression services
• Compression does increase file access time
  slightly for this reason it is not recommended
  for extremely large files

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Block Suballocation

• Technique for using hard disk space more
  efficiently
• Block
• Unit of disk space

Block suballocation
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eDirectory

• eDirectory
• NetWare 6.5s directory database
• System for organizing and managing multiple
  servers and their resources
• Similar to Active Directory in Windows Server
  2003
• Schema
• Schema defined set of object classes and their
  properties
• Base schema simple schema installed by default
  with eDirectory
• Extended schema changes made to base schema
• Trees and Organizational Units
• Hierarchical organization
• Tree can have one root

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eDirectory

• NetWare 6.5s directory database
• System for organizing and managing multiple
  servers and their resources
• Similar to Active Directory in Windows Server
  2003
• Treat every networked resource as separate object
  with distinct attributes
• Objects belong to classes
• eDirectory information stored in database that
  supports LDAP
• Compatible with other NOS and Internet directories

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eDirectory Objects
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Root

• Highest level
• Single Root Created when installed

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Container Objects

• Hierarchical arrangement of branches
• Logically group and organize objects
• Organization
• Organizational units

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Rules for Containers

• Organization must be at top (Can be in Root)
• Can hold Organizational Unit or Leaf
• Organizational Unit (Can be in O or OU)
• Can hold Organizational Unit or Leaf

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Leaf Object

• Object in the NDS tree that does not contain
  other objects
• Cannot be in root
• Volumes
• physical hard disk volume

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Volumes

• SYS
• Contains OS files, NLMs and NDS programs. Should
  be reserved for NetWare.
• PUBLIC
• Contains user utilities and commands.
• NLS
• Contains message and help files for multi-lingual
  support.
• ETC
• Sample files to configure TCP/IP.

• DELETED.SAV
• Contains recoverable files that have been deleted
  and the directory that they resided in was also
  deleted.
• SYSTEM
• Contains Netware operating system files.
• MAIL
• If the server was upgraded from a previous
  version, contains user login scripts and print
  job configuration files.

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Context

• Kind of road map for finding an object in an NDS
  tree
• Consists of an objects organizational unit names
  plus the organization name
• May be expressed in typeful or typeless notation

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Context

• Typeful
• Way of denoting an objects context in which the
  Organization and Organizational Unit designators
  are included
• Typeless
• Way of denoting an objects context in which the
  Organization and Organizational Unit designators
  are omitted
• Schema
• The collection of objects (such as user or
  printer) and their attributes in an NDS tree

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Distinguished Name

• Typeful
• CNauditing.OUaccouting.Olabone
• Typeless
• auditing.accounting.labone

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iManager Interface
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Novell Client
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Client Access

• Traditional Client Access
• Previous versions of NetWare
• Windows, Macintosh, and UNIX-based
• Connected via a Novell client
• Native File Access
• Users can access files without installing or
  configuring NetWare client
• Novell Storage Services (NSS)
• NFS (Network File System for UNIX)
• CIFS (Common Internet File System for Windows)
• AFP (AppleTalk Filing Protocol for Apple)
• NetDrive (file access for Windows clients fro
  accessing directories on NetWare 6.5 server)

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NetDrive Access
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Internetworking with Other Operating Systems

• Lightweight Data Access Protocol index data in
  directory
• protocol for accessing information in the
  directory
• defines how information is stored and retrieved
• defines namespace
• adopted by Novell and Microsoft
• DirXML
• Integrate eDirectory and Windows Active Directory
• Share directory data
• Nterprise Linux Services
• Access to NetWare for Linux Users

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Mapping Network Drive

• Map a network drive so that it is available from
  Windows Explorer or My Documents.
• map x NetWareNT\SYS
• Typically done with a logon script.

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Context

• cx . go to root
• cx back to default context
• cx /t view all container objects
• cx OUaccounting go to paricular container

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NetWare Administrator Utility(NWAdmin) Novell
5.0
NWAdmin interface
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NetWare Directory Services (NDS)

• System for managing multiple servers and their
  resources
• Object
• Resource in an NDS tree, the logical
  representation of resources in a NetWare
  enterprise

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Using the NetWare Administrator Utility (NWAdmin)

• To create objects in the NDS tree
• To manage the NDS tree through NWAdmin, must have
  administration rights
• Launch the following executable file from your
  servers SYS volume PUBLIC\WIN32\NWADMN32.EXE
• If NWAdmin screen does not display NDS tree by
  default, specify the tree by choosing View on the
  menu bar, then choosing Set Context.

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Using the NetWare Administrator Utility (NWAdmin)

• Double-click the root object
• To create an organization, right-click the root
  object, then choose Create
• Scroll down the list of objects, highlight
  Organization, then click OK
• Enter the Organization name then click Create
• To create an object inside the organization,
  right-click the Organization, then choose Create

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Using the NetWare Administrator Utility (NWAdmin)

• The program displays a list of objects to choose
  to create within the Organization
• To create an Organizational Unit beneath your
  Organization, select the Organizational Unit
  object, then click OK
• Enter the name of the Organizational Unit, then
  click Create
• To create a user belonging to the Organizational
  Unit, right-click the Organizational Unit, then
  choose Create

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Using the NetWare Administrator Utility (NWAdmin)

• Press Enter to create a User object
• Click OK after entering the users ID and last
  name in the Create User dialog box appears

Create User dialog box
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Using the NetWare Administrator Utility (NWAdmin)

• Select Define Additional Properties on User
  Dialog Box
• Click Create

Properties Dialog Box
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Using the NetWare Administrator Utility (NWAdmin)

• Restricted Access

Logon Times
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Using the NetWare Administrator Utility (NWAdmin)

• Specifying Access Rights

Rights to Files Properties dialog box
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Adding Users to a Group
Group window Adding Users to auditing Group
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Checking Users Group Membership
Group Membership
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Using the NetWare Administrator Utility (NWAdmin)

• To delete an NDS object through NWAdmin
• Right-click the object, then choose Delete from
  the menu
• Click Yes to confirm the deletion