Stages of Learning

1
Stages of Learning
2
Learning Continuum
Novice
Skilled
Expert
3
Learning Continuum
Novice
Skilled
Expert
Cognitively
Goals
Movement Dynamics
4
Fitts Posner 3-Stage Model
Cognitive Stage
Associative Stage
Autonomous Stage
5
Gentiles 2-Stage Model
Getting the Idea of the Movement
Fixation
closed
Diversification
open
6
Gentile Goals of Learner

• Free throw
• Guarding
• Patient moving from sit to stand
• Floor routine in gymnastics
• Diving

7
Inferring Progress Performance Changes

• Rate of improvement

8
Coordination Control

• Stage 1- Novice
• Freezes out portion of available degrees of
  freedom
• Stage 2 - Advanced
• Reinstates or releases df
• Stage 3 - Expert
• Continues to release df
• Exploits external forces

9
Performer/Performance Changes

• Muscles used energy cost

10
Performer/Performance Changes

• Visual selective attention conscious attention

11
Performer/Performance Changes

• Error Detection Correction

12
Performer/Performance Changes

• Self-Efficacy Motivation

13
Initial Performance Later Performance

• Early performance not good predictor of later
  performance
• Underlying motor abilities change as skill level
  changes